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    Buckling Meaning

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    Mohammad R Abbas
    Buckling occurs when a slender structural member under axial compression becomes unstable and fails due to geometry rather than material failure. The critical load at which buckling occurs is calculated using the Euler buckling formula, which relates the load capacity to the member's length, cross section properties, and support conditions. The effective length accounts for different end support conditions in determining the actual buckling strength compared to a pinned-pinned reference case. Slenderness ratio compares the member length to its radius of gyration as a measure of its susceptibility to buckling.

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    Buckling Meaning

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad R Abbas
    149 views4 pages
    Buckling occurs when a slender structural member under axial compression becomes unstable and fails due to geometry rather than material failure. The critical load at which buckling occurs is calculated using the Euler buckling formula, which relates the load capacity to the member's length, cross section properties, and support conditions. The effective length accounts for different end support conditions in determining the actual buckling strength compared to a pinned-pinned reference case. Slenderness ratio compares the member length to its radius of gyration as a measure of its susceptibility to buckling.

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    Buckling occurs when a slender structural member under axial compression becomes unstable and fails due to geometry rather than material failure. The critical load at which buckling occurs is calculated using the Euler buckling formula, which relates the load capacity to the member's length, cross section properties, and support conditions. The effective length accounts for different end support conditions in determining the actual buckling strength compared to a pinned-pinned reference case. Slenderness ratio compares the member length to its radius of gyration as a measure of its susceptibility to buckling.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    149 views4 pages

    Buckling Meaning

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad R Abbas
    Buckling occurs when a slender structural member under axial compression becomes unstable and fails due to geometry rather than material failure. The critical load at which buckling occurs is calculated using the Euler buckling formula, which relates the load capacity to the member's length, cross section properties, and support conditions. The effective length accounts for different end support conditions in determining the actual buckling strength compared to a pinned-pinned reference case. Slenderness ratio compares the member length to its radius of gyration as a measure of its susceptibility to buckling.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    What is Buckling

    When a slender member is subjected to an axial compressive load, it may fail by a condition
    called BUCKLING. Buckling is not so much a failure of the material (as is yielding and
    fracture), but an instability caused by system geometry.

    Euler Buckling Formula


    The critical load, Pcr, required to buckle the pinned-pinned column is given by the EULER
    BUCKLING FORMULA. Consider a column of length, L, cross-sectional Moment of Inertia, I,
    having Young's Modulus, E. Both ends are pinned, meaning they can freely rotate and cannot
    resist a moment. The critical compression force at which the column buckles is given by:

    p2EI
    Pcr =
    L2

    The Buckling Strength, scr, is the Euler Buckling Load divided by the columns cross-
    sectional area:
    p2EI
    scr =
    AL2
    » Radius of Gyration
    If all of the cross-sectional area of a column were massed a distance r away from the neutral
    axis, the lumped-area cross-section would have the same Moment of Inertia as the real cross-
    section. r is termed the RADIUS OF GYRATION and is given by:

    Ixx 1/2 Iyy


    1/2
      or   ry =
    rx =
    A A

    » Slenderness Ratio
    SLENDERNESS RATIO is a measure of how long the column is compared to its cross-
    section's effective width (resistance to bending or buckling). The Slenderness Ratio, s, is simply
    the column's Length divided by the Radius of Gyration. Applying the Slenderness Ratio and
    the Radius of Gyration reduces the Euler Buckling Formula to:

    p2EI r 2 p2EA
    Pcr = 2
    = p E =
    L 2
    kL s2

    » Effective Length
    How a column is supported governs its buckling strength. The EFFECTIVE LENGTH, Le,
    accounts for differences in the end supports. The Effective Length is the length the column
    would have to be if it were to buckle as a pinned-pinned column. The Buckling Formula for
    any column is thus:

    p2EI
    Pcr =
    Le2
    Effective Lengths for Columns with Various End Conditions
    Pinned-
    End Condition Fixed-Free Fixed-Fixed Fixed-Pinned
    Pinned

    The effective length is equal to


    the distance between points in the
    column where moment = 0
    (between "pins"). This occurs
    when the curvature of the column
    changes.

    The Fixed-Free column is "mirrored"


    through the fixed end to visualize Le=2L.

    Effective Length, Le L 2L 0.5L 0.7L


    Relative Buckling Strength (~ 1/
    1 0.25 4 2
    Le2) for same L

    Figure 1‐1 Short columns fail due to material failure

    Figure 1-2 Long columns fail due to instability


    Figure 1-3 bulking occurs
    in concrete columns

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