11

READING AND
WRITING
LEARNER'S ACTIVITY SHEET
Quarter 3 – Week 4:
Compare and contrast patterns
of written texts across
disciplines
Reading and Writing – Grade 11
Learner's Activity Sheet
Quarter 3 – Week 4: Compare and contrast patterns of written texts across
disciplines
First Edition, 2021
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LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET IN

READING AND WRTING SKILLS
GRADE 11
QUARTER 3, WEEK 4

Name: ___________________________ Grade and Section: _________________

School: _________________________ Teacher: __________________________
Competencies: Compare and Contrast Patterns of Written Texts across
Disciplines, focusing on:
a. Process Analysis (EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.7)
b. Division and Classification (EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.8)

I.Explore

Activity 1-Direction: On a separate sheet of paper, make a bulleted list of all

the steps that you feel would be required to clearly illustrate the following processes:
1. Being an effective communicator
2. Planning a successful travel

Activity 2-Direction: On a separate sheet of paper, list down the following:

1. Types of Facebook users (according to their level of activity)
2. Smart devices and their classification.

II. Learn

What is it?

Patterns of Development

• Certain patterns or structure which guide the writers or readers in the way they view the relationship of
presented in a text
• Help ideas writers or readers follow ideas easily and understand the text better
• Help in distinguishing major details from minor ones, in predicting ideas and noting details
• Signal words may indicate a certain pattern
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A. Process Analysis

1. What is process analysis?

Process analysis explains how to do something (play a computer game, change a tire), how to make
something (a butterfly sanctuary), or how something happens (how the modern firehouse has evolved).
Specifically, it explains a sequence of actions with a specified result (the process) by dividing it into
its component steps (the analysis). Basically, it answers the question how something happens.

2. What is the purpose of process analysis?

The main purpose of process analysis is to explain; however, it might also prove something about the
process itself (perhaps its ease or difficulty) or evaluate it (perhaps its close parallel to guidelines issued
by an authoritative agency).
3. What varieties of process analysis are available?
Processes might include mechanical (a car engine), natural (cell division), psychological (acquisition
of sex roles), or political (the electoral process).
4. What are the two main types of process analysis?
The two main types are directive or explanatory.
• A directive process tells how to do or make something: make enchiladas, repair a wagon wheel,
negotiate an argument, write an essay. It should outline the individual steps completely so that anyone can
duplicate them and achieve the specified result. It permits the use of second-person you, concentrating on
words that tell the reader what to do, or the use of imperative (commanding) mood of verbs (“Add an egg and
stir vigorously”).
• An explanatory process provides the information necessary for readers to understand the process, but
more to satisfy their curiosity than to teach them how to do something. Third person he, she, it, and they is
more common with this type process than is second-person.
5. How is a process analysis usually organized?
All process analyses usually follow a chronological sequence, especially a directive analysis, in which order
is important to the desired outcome. For both types of process analysis, however, it is often useful to create
phases or stages, which, in turn, can be divided into steps. Both phases/stages and steps should be presented
in proper sequence. The phases or stages for changing a tire may include jacking up the car, removing the flat,
putting on the spare, and lowering the car. The steps for just one of those stages—jacking up the car—may be
setting the emergency brake, blocking the other wheels, loosening the bolts, positioning the jack, and raising
the car. To ensure that the reader can duplicate the process or understand how it unfolds requires fully detailing
each step and specifying the reasons for it. Indeed, the process must make clear to the reader the sequence of
steps, their duration, and where they occur. Occasionally, the chronology contains interruptions or
modifications to suit it to your subject. For instance, it may require background information, definitions of
specialized terms, explanations of how one step relates to a preceding or following step, examples, or
explanations of steps that are performed simultaneously.

6. What kind of thesis is required for a process analysis?

A process analysis thesis should contain two elements:
(1) the main point of the analysis and, if possible,
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(2) the organizational format for exploring the main idea—in this case, process analysis. If possible, it also
previews the stages in the process. Example: Building a table is a simple, three-stage process of cutting, assembling,
and finishing. In this example, the main point of the process is reflected in the word simple, which suggests the ease of
the process. The words cutting, assembling, and assembling obviously suggest the stages. To increase interest and
variety, the thesis might also convey other details:

• A reason for the process: Changing a tire does not require a mechanic’s skill: on the contrary, a ten-year-old
child can do it. (emphasizes its ease)

• A more general principal: The process of getting a bill through Congress illustrates majority rule at work.
(emphasizes its relation to an important political principle)

• An assertion that the process is inefficient or unfair: The overly complicated registration procedure forces
students to waste time standing in long lines.

7. What kind of transitional expressions are used in process analysis?

What kind of transitional expressions are used in process analysis? In order for readers to grasp the time and place of
each stage or step in the process, these and similar signal words help keep the chronological sequence straight: after five
minutes, meanwhile, to the left, before pumping the jack, and below.

B. Classification/Division

Definition: Classification/Division, essentially, is a system of exclusive organization using categorized

examples.

Classification takes one large concept, and divides it into individual pieces. A nice result from this type of
writing is that it helps the reader to understand a complex topic by focusing on its smaller parts. This is
particularly useful when an author has a unique way of dividing the concepts, to provide new insight into the
ways it could be viewed.

Description: When you consider which examples to use in a classification/division essay, you should
begin both grouping (or classifying) your examples together according to their similarities and excluding
(or dividing) them apart based on their differences.

• Classification helps your readers completely understand the subject of your paper because you have
organized the things you are considering according to a logical method.

• Through classification and division, readers can understand what might appear to them to be
unassociated ideas because your logical method has identified relationships between them all. In many
rhetorical situations, classification/division brings a sense of order to what your readers might have
perceived as a chaotic scenario. Although, both classification and division are two separate steps, they
must occur together in the same paper.

This pattern allows you to either divide a topic into its component parts, or to categorize (or classify) a group
of related items or events. When dividing you begin with one central topic and break that down into
multiple parts. Think about medicine. Medicine is one of several branches of science and it can be divided
into numerous categories or specialties. Doctors can specialize in internal medicine, dermatology, the
immune system, feet, ears, eyes etc.
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Classification works in the other direction, putting things together based on shared qualities or
characteristics. Imagine that all those doctors are at a doctor convention and in order to make sense of them
you need to organize them into groups according to their specialty. Either way you end up with doctors
grouped by specialty but division illustrates differences, while classification focuses on similarities.

• Classification is sorting.
a. focus is on similarities
• Division is breaking into parts.
a. focus is on differences

Principle of Classification
• The principle of Classification is whatever rule or characteristic etc. you are to determine which
items are grouped together. For example, if you were classifying clothing you might classify by
color and put all green clothes into category, with all red clothes in a separate category, and all
blue clothes in a third. Your principle of classification would then be color. Or you might classify
by size , putting smalls together, mediums together and so on.
• Remember to ONLY USE ONE PRINCIPLE OF CLASSIFICATION AT A TIME otherwise
your designations will be confusing and irrelevant.

Transitional phrases
can be divided is a kind/type/part of
can be classified falls under
can be categorized is related to/associated with

Example of a Classification Paragraph

Schools

Different students attend various types of schools; however, they can usually be classified as either public,
private religious, private non-religious, or alternative. Public schools are funded by the state, and the majority
of students in the United States attend them. Private religious schools are based around a particular faith, such
as Catholicism, Judaism, and so forth. The religion is part of the everyday lives of the students and they also
learn about the faiths. All types of private schools do not receive state funding. Therefore, private non-religious
schools are simply just that: schools which do not receive state funding and have the ability to make their own
rules. Alternative schools can be made up of a variety of different categories, such as the Montessori program
or technical schools. Most students who attend class in an actual school building go to one of these types of
institutions.
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III. Engage

What I Learned (1)

Direction: Read the given paragraphs. Identify the pattern that best
matches it. (Process analysis -PA, Division /Classification –D C)
a.
Preparing an effective speech requires intelligent planning. You must first select a topic; brainstorming often
helps you to focus on what you want to say. Then you need to study who your audience will be to determine
how you want to present your material. Then, once you have determined a topic and analyzed your audience,
you are ready to do careful research on this topic.

Pattern: ________________________________________________________________________
Explanation: ____________________________________________________________________
b.

Evaporation is an interesting process. The sun causes water to evaporate into the atmosphere. In the
atmosphere, the water vapor cools. The cooling results in water forming again. The collected water is then
expelled as rain, which restarts the evaporation process.

Pattern: ________________________________________________________________________________

Explanation:_____________________________________________________________________________

C.

Having a great looking chest is easier than most people think. It starts with a few simple steps. First, begin
with a flat bench press. Start with approximately 60% of your body weight. While lying on your back on the
bench, grab the bar firmly with both hands so they line up with the ends of your shoulders. Push the bar up
to release it from the holder and extend your arms. Avoid fully locking at your arms. Then, bring the bar
down slowly until it touches your chest. Push the bar back up at twice the speed it was brought down. Do
ten repetitions and then take a two-minute rest.

Pattern: _______________________________________________________________________________

Explanation:____________________________________________________________________________

d.

Piranhas comprise more than 30-60 species of fish, depending on whom you ask. The many species
fall into four genera pygocentrus, pygopristris, serrasalmus and prestobrycon. Piranha in the
pygocentrus genus is the most common variety the kind you might find in a pet store. Pygopristis
piranha are hervibores feasting on seeds and fruits not flesh.
Pattern: ______________________________________________________________________________

Explanation:___________________________________________________________________________
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LET’S PROCESS…
Direction: Please answer now the following process questions:
a) What did you feel about the activity?
b) Were you convinced of your answers? Why or why not?

What I Learned (2)

Direction: Complete the table below

pattern of development Description Signal words

a.

b.

LET’S PROCESS…
Direction: Please answer now the following process questions:
a) What did you feel about the activity?
b) Were you convinced of your answers? Why or why not?

IV. Apply
What I Can Do

Direction: Choose one of the writing prompts from the list below, and decide what
pattern of paragraph development should be used: Process analysis or
Division/Classification.
Write at least 2 to 3 paragraphs composition of your chosen pattern of paragraph
development . Use a separate sheet of paper if necessary.

Topics :
1.How to Choose a course in college
2.Modern Outdoor sports
3.Best Vacations sites

RUBRICS SCORE
Content (5 pts. ) The composition shows an understanding and interpretation of the writing prompt.
Relevance ( 10 pts ) The composition appropriately follows the pattern of development of your choice. The
composition shows a sense of audience using effective vocabulary.
Use of pattern development(5 pts ) The written composition gives a clear and logical explanation of ideas, using supporting
materials.
Mechanics/Organization (5 pts .) The written composition shows a coherent , orderly , well – reasoned approach.
Total ( 25 pts. )
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V. Post Test

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if not.

______ 1. Patterns of development help in distinguishing major details from minor ones, in predicting
ideas and noting details.

______2. Signal words may indicate a certain pattern.

______ 3. Classification helps your readers completely understand the subject of your paper because you
organized the things you are considering according to a logical method.

______ 4.Classification explains how to do something (play a computer game, change a tire),
how to make something (how the modern firehouse has evolved).
______ 5. An explanatory process provides the information necessary for readers to understand the
process,
but more to satisfy their curiosity than to teach them how to do something.
______ 6. A directive process tells how to do or make something: make enchiladas, repair a wagon
wheel, negotiate an argument, write an essay.

______ 7. ,Process analysis is a system of exclusive organization using categorized examples.

______ 8. These transitions words are used for process analysis :can be divided, is a kind/type/part of
,can be classified, falls under can be categorized ,is related to/associated with
______ 9. After five minutes, meanwhile, to the left, before pumping the jack, and below are transitional
devices used for Classification/Division as pattern of development.

______ 10. Only one classification principle should be used otherwise your designations will be confusing

and irrelevant.