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    Deep Drawing

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    Ssk Rogue
    The document discusses various sheet metal forming processes including pressing, bending, deep drawing, spinning, and shear spinning/flow turning. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to force sheet metal into a shaped cavity, resulting in plastic flow and thinning of the material. It can be done in multiple stages if the drawing is too deep in one pass. Spinning forms a circular shape by rotating a disc of sheet metal against a shaped former. Shear spinning reduces the thickness more significantly than simple spinning. Various metals can be formed using these processes on mechanical or hydraulic presses or special purpose spinning machines.

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Deep Drawing

    Uploaded by

    Ssk Rogue
    271 views4 pages
    The document discusses various sheet metal forming processes including pressing, bending, deep drawing, spinning, and shear spinning/flow turning. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to force sheet metal into a shaped cavity, resulting in plastic flow and thinning of the material. It can be done in multiple stages if the drawing is too deep in one pass. Spinning forms a circular shape by rotating a disc of sheet metal against a shaped former. Shear spinning reduces the thickness more significantly than simple spinning. Various metals can be formed using these processes on mechanical or hydraulic presses or special purpose spinning machines.

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    The document discusses various sheet metal forming processes including pressing, bending, deep drawing, spinning, and shear spinning/flow turning. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to force sheet metal into a shaped cavity, resulting in plastic flow and thinning of the material. It can be done in multiple stages if the drawing is too deep in one pass. Spinning forms a circular shape by rotating a disc of sheet metal against a shaped former. Shear spinning reduces the thickness more significantly than simple spinning. Various metals can be formed using these processes on mechanical or hydraulic presses or special purpose spinning machines.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    271 views4 pages

    Deep Drawing

    Uploaded by

    Ssk Rogue
    The document discusses various sheet metal forming processes including pressing, bending, deep drawing, spinning, and shear spinning/flow turning. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to force sheet metal into a shaped cavity, resulting in plastic flow and thinning of the material. It can be done in multiple stages if the drawing is too deep in one pass. Spinning forms a circular shape by rotating a disc of sheet metal against a shaped former. Shear spinning reduces the thickness more significantly than simple spinning. Various metals can be formed using these processes on mechanical or hydraulic presses or special purpose spinning machines.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Introduction

    The pressing and deep drawing operations are based on shaping sheet metal
    by plastic deformation. The deformation is achieved by forcing the sheet
    metal into a formed female die using a male shaped punch. For the pressing
    operations the process involves relatively shallow dies with little plastic flow
    of the sheet. For deep drawing the die is relatively deep and significant
    plastic flow result. The simplest pressing process is bending.

    Bending and forming

    The process of simple bending and forming using press tools is shown in the
    figure below.

    Deep Drawing

    The important features of deep drawing are shown in the figure below. The
    pressure ring bears on the upper surface of the blank preventing wrinkling of
    the metal as it is drawn radially over the upper surface of the die. There is
    the option of applying pressure to the base of the cup using a pressure pad.
    Thinning results from this process, the worst being at the bottom radius as a
    result of drawing the full disc diameter inward under the pressure ring. The
    thinning is the least at the top of the cup

    1
    If the deep drawing process can not produce a cup sufficiently deep in one
    operation then it is possible to split the operation into a number of stages.
    Also a redrawing operation is used. The drawing process results in work
    hardening and therefore the component may need to be bright annealed
    between drawing operations. The redrawing operation is shown in the figure
    below. The indirect redrawing operation has the advantage over the direct
    one in that the material bending is all in one direction i.e. there is no
    bending-unbending ( as occurs in the direct method).

    Spinning

    Spinning is the process of forming a circular shape e.g. a cone, hemisphere,


    deep cup, etc. from a disc of sheet material by forcing it against a shaped
    former as the disc and former are rotated. The mandrel is held on the drive
    headstock spindle. The forcing tool is controlled either manually or using an
    electohydraulic drive system.

    The actual forming process is progressive. The disc being gradually formed
    as shown in the figure below.

    This process is ideal for low quantity ( ≤ 1000 ) processes or for production
    of prototype shapes. The process can be used for sections of 0,1 to 2m dia
    or more.
    2
    Shear Spinning /Flow Turning

    In simple spinning the section of the formed is essentially the same as the
    disc. When shear spinning the maximum diameter of the formed section is
    the same as blank disc but the thickness of the formed section is
    substantially reduced compared to the blank disc. This process results in the
    final shape after one pass of the roller. This process results in significant
    shearing of the material being formed and high forces are required from the
    roller.

    If T is the thickness of the blank disc and t is the thickness of the formed
    section then

    t = T sin α

    This process is also used in tube production as shown below. In this process
    the increase in length of the tube is directly related to the reduction in
    thickness. i.e if the thickness is reduced to 50% of the orginal tube thickness
    the length will be doubled

    Materials and Sections

    Most ductile materials can be formed using these processes including


    aluminium and copper, steel.

    3
    Equipment

    Pressing operations and deep drawing operations are generally completed


    using mechanical presses using flywheels to provide kinetic
    energy. Hydraulic presses are also used. The various spinning operations
    can be completed on heavy duty centre lathes or special pupose machines
    which form a similar function to centre lathes..

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