Practical Research 1 – Grade 11

Quarter 2 – Module 1: Qualitative Research Design

First Edition, 2020

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Practical
Research 1
11
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1
Qualitative Research Design
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to Practical Research 1 Grade 11 Self-Learning Module 1 on

Qualitative Research Design

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to Practical Research 1 Grade 11 Self-Learning Module 1 on

Qualitative Research Design

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

This module aims to help you decide what design you are going to use for
your research paper.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. discuss the concept of the research designs;
2. familiarize oneself with the nature of each qualitative research design;
and,
3. conduct a doable or practicable research study based on one qualitative
research design.

PRETEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your
notebook.

1. A research design is made up of things indicating____________

A. Craftsmanship
B. Relationship
C. Separation
D. Singularity

2. Wanting to increase your understanding of the burial practices of the

Mangyans, you choose the qualitative research design called___________
A. Ethnographical
B. Grounded theory
C. Historical
D. Phenomenological

3. The Grounded theory involves a series of ___________

A. Books
B. Designs
C. Instructions
D. Theories

4. A great degree of man’s emotionality surfaces in what type of research design?

A. Case study
B. Ethnography
C. Historical
D. Phenomenology
 5. What design makes an individual distinct from the others?
A. Case study
B. Ethnography
C. Historical
D. Phenomenology

RECAP

In the previous lesson you have learned writing the review of related literature,
as a review write the steps of writing a review of related literature in your notebook.

The Steps of Writing a Review of Related Literature

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.
 LESSON

Research Design
This is a blueprint.
A blueprint is a guide for making
something. It's a design or pattern
that can be followed like what is the
measurement of height, width,
length, distance to build your
designed building, or a house.

Design is a word that means a

plan or something that is
conceptualized by the mind. It is a
result of a mental activity
Figure 1. Blueprint characterized by an unfixed
formation of something but an extensive interconnection of things. Design in the field
of research serves as a blueprint or a skeletal framework of your research study. It
includes many related aspects of your research work. If you are working on the
research, what should be the content of your design? When you come up with a
decision to your choice of design, you have to finalize your mind on the following:

1. What is the purpose of the research based on your design?

2. What is your philosophical basis?
3. What is the type of data for your research?
4. What is the methods or technique in collecting and analyzing the data?

Your research design is realized by any of these types of qualitative research that
has its data collection technique. Whether you think of them as research types of
research designs, just the same, you get to deal with the same features or aspects
involved in each type or design ( Baraceros 2016, 85).
Types of Qualitative Designs
1. Case study
To do a research study based on this research design is to describe a person,
a thing, or any creature on the Earth for explaining the reasons behind the nature
of existence. Your aim is to determine why such a creature (person, organization,
thing, or event) acts or behaves, occurs, or exist in a particular manner. Your
methods of collecting data for this qualitative research design are interview,
observation, and questionnaire. One advantage of the case study is the capacity to
deal with a lot of factors to determine the unique characteristics of the entity (Meng
2012; Yin 2012).
2. Ethnography
A qualitative research design that involves a study of a certain cultural group
or organization in which the researcher, to obtain knowledge about the
characteristics, organizational setup, and the relationship of the group members,
must necessarily involve in their group activities. Since this design gives stress to
the study of a group of people, this is one special kind of a case study. The only thing
that makes it different from the latter is your participation as a researcher in the
activities of the group. This design requires your actual participation in the group
members’ activities while the case study treats you, the researcher, as an outsider
whose role is just to observe the group. Here in ethnography design requires you to
live with the subject in several months. This aims at defining, describing, or
portraying a certain group of people possessing unique cultural traits (Walliman
2014).
3. Historical Study
This qualitative research design tells you the right research method to
determine the reasons for changes or permanence of things in the physical world in
a certain period ( years, decades, or centuries). What is referred to in the study as
the time of change is not a time shorter than a year but a period indicating a big
number of years. This design differs from the other designs because of the element
SCOPE. The scope of coverage of the historical study refers to:
a. number of years covered;
b. the kind of events focused on; and
c. extend of new knowledge/discoveries resulting from the
historical study.
The data collecting techniques for a study following a historical research
design are biography or autobiography reading, documentary analysis, and
chronicling activities. Chronicling activities makes you interview people a time.
However, one drawback of historical studies is the absence, or loss of complete and
well-kept old that may hinder the completion of the study.
4. Phenomenology
A phenomenon is something that you experience on earth as a person. It is a
sensory experience that makes you perceive or understand things that naturally
occur in your life such as death, joy, friendship, caregiving, defeat, victory, and the
like. This qualitative design makes you follow a research method that will let you
understand the ways of how people go to an inevitable event in their lives. You are
prone to extending your time in listening to people recount their significant
experiences to be able to get a clue or pattern of their techniques to term with the
positive or negative results of their life experiences. This aims at getting a thorough
understanding of an individual’s life experiences for this same person’s realistic
dealings with hard facts of life ( Paris 2014).
5. Rounded Theory
A research study adhering to a grounded theory research design aims at
developing a theory to increase understanding of something in a psycho-social
context. Such a study enables you to develop theories to explain sociologically and
psychologically influence phenomena for proper identification of a certain
educational process. Occurring an inductive manner, wherein one basic category of
people’s action and interactions gets related to a second category; to the third
category; and so on, until a new theory emerges from the previous data ( Gibson 201
14; Creswell 2012).
A return to the previous data to validate a newfound theory in a zigzag
sampling. Moving from category to category, a study using a grounded theory design
is done by a researcher wanting to know how people fair up in a process-bound
activity such as writing. Collecting data on grounded theory design is through a
formal, informal, or semi-structured interview, as well as analysis of written works,
notes, phone calls, meeting proceedings, and training sessions ( Picardie 2014).

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Directions: Answer the following questions intelligently and concisely. Write your
answer in your Research notebook.
1. What comes to your mind when you think of the word “research design”?
2. Are you going to work on old and new data in a grounded theory research
design? Why? Why not?
3. In choosing a historical design, what could prevent you from finishing your
study?
4. Could an impatient researcher prosper under a phenomenological research
design? Why? Why not?
5. In what way case studies similar to ethnography and in what way they differ?
Activity 2

Directions: Draw a line linking two expressions in A and B. Answer in your notebook.
A. Research Topics B. Qualitaive Research Designs
1. Depressed Bar Exams Failures Grounded Theory
2. Kurdish Wedding Rites
3. Acquiring intercultural Case Study
Comptence via SFG Grammar Historical Study
4. The Coming of Age of Filipino
Novel in English Phenomenological
5. Ebola-stricken Babies in Bataan ethnography

Activity 3
Directions: Decide what research design is appropriate for each situation, based on
what you learned about qualitative research design. Conduct a research design by
providing the answer to the following questions. Answers should be written in your
notebook.

a. What research design is appropriate for each situation?

b. What is the purpose of the research based on your design?
c. What is the methods or technique in collecting and analyzing the data
Example
The grieving relatives of soldiers’ death in Marawi battle.
a. The best design for this is Phenomenological research design
b. This research design aims to understand the actions of the grieving
relatives as
they deal or cope with their emotions from the loses of their
love ones.
c. To gather the data, I’ll have an unconstructed interview. Ex.
What do you do to cope with the pain of losing someone dear to you?

1. Spend half a year living with the people in Ilocos Norte.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. Have patience, time, and interest in listening to battered wives and raped
victims,
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
 3. Know the extent of Filipinos’ penchant for white-collar jobs during the Spanish
era up to this period.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

4. Give a verbal account or portrayal of the kindergarten pupils of St. Paul

College
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Discover the reasons for the excessive aggressiveness of Dino Cruz, a grade 4
pupil.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

WRAP–UP

In five or more sentences, give what you have learned about research designs.
Write the answer in your notebook
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

If you were to choose a research design that would discuss your current life
experiences, what would it be ? Why? Write your answer in your notebook.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your
notebook.

1. No research design means no research___________.

A. Data
B. Direction
C. Motivation
D. Title

2. This cliché-When you are in Rome, do what the Romans do-is true for ______.
A. Case study
B. Ethnography
C. Historical study
D. Phenomenology

3. The who, what, why, and how of your research study are determined by your
research__________.
A. Data
B. Design
C. Question
D. Title

4. Zigzag sampling requires data__________.

A. Accumulation
B. Analysis
C. Recording
D. Review

5. A researcher’s personal participation in people’s activities is necessary for

____.
A. Case study
B. Ethnography
C. Historical
D. Phenomenological
 KEY TO CORRECTION
Pretest Posttest
1. A 1. A
2. A 2. B
3. D 3. B
4. D 4. D
5. A 5. B

References
Baraceros, Esther. 2016. Practical Research 1. Manila: Rex Bookstore

Creswell, John. 2014. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method
Approaches. 4th ed. Los Angeles: Sage
Gibson, Bryan. 2014. Rediscovering Grounded Theory. Los Angeles: Sage

Meng, Kyle. 2012. Marketing Research for Beginners: A Practical Guide (Handbook)
Singapore: Cengage Learning.
Paris, Django. and Winn, Maisha. 2014 Humanizing Research: decolonizing
Qualitative Inquiry with Youth and Communities. Los Angeles: Sage
Picardie, Carlos. 2014. Research Methods ( Designing and Conduction Research with
a Real-world Focus). Los Angeles: Sage
Walliman, Nicholas. 2014. Your undergraduate Dissertation. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: Sage
Yin, Robert.2012. Application of Case Studies Research. Los Angeles: Sage.