Ques 6 Unit 5

1.4.
2 Principles of Counselling
According to authors McDaniel and Shaftal, the following are the basic principles of
counselling:  Principle of acceptance: This principle says that every person seeking
counselling must be treated as an individual who has unique needs. In other
words, no two people in general seek counsel for the same reason and this
fact must be accepted by the counsellor.  Principle of permissiveness: According to this principle of
counselling, the
process of counselling must permit the environment to be developed as per
the individual’s needs. Also the process of counselling must develop optimism
in the individual.  Principle of respect: This principle states that counselling must respect an
individual’s feelings. In other words, respecting the feelings of the person
seeking a counsellor must be integral to the process of counselling.  Principle of thinking with the
individual: Counselling as a process
emphasizes on thinking with the individual. In other words, a counsellor must
be able to think in a manner that matches the thought process of the individual
because only then can the counsellor work collectively with the individual to
find a solution to the problem.  Principle of learning: As per this principle, counselling as a process
entails
learning and is also based on learning and several elements associated with
learning.  Principle of consistency with ideals of democracy: Counselling and all
its other principles are associated with the ideals of democracy. The ideals of
democracy basically emphasize on accepting an individual and showing
respect. In fact, respect is considered to be the right of an individual when it
comes to the ideals of democracy. Counselling as has already been stated
accepts and respects an individual and his unique needs and, thus, is based
upon the ideals of democracy. Counselling also respects the different needs
and behaviours of the various individuals who seek counselling.
Counselling as has been stated is a professional service and, therefore, must
be governed by certain ethical principles as well. The following are the ethical
principles of counselling:  Being Trustworthy: According to this principle, a counsellor must be
trustworthy in the sense that he must act in accordance with the client’s trust
shown in him. Since during counselling, a client reveals details to the counsellor,
the counsellor must regard the confidentiality of the client as an obligation
and, therefore, must not share any information about the client with anyone.  Autonomy: This
principle emphasizes the client’s right to be self-governing.
In other words, the principle of autonomy says that the client must be willing
to participate in the counselling process. The client must voluntarily participate
in the process and the counsellor has no right to manipulate his clients.
 Beneficence: This principle says that the counsellor must carry out counselling
that promotes the well-being of the client. The counsellor must work in the
best interests of the client and for this must make use of the available resources
in the best possible manner.  Non-maleficence: This principle states that the counsellor must
ensure that
the client is not harmed in any manner. Non-maleficence basically suggests
that the client must not be exploited in any manner— financially, emotionally
and sexually. This also implies the fact that the counsellor must avoid indulging
in any kind of malpractices.  Justice: The principle of justice says that the counsellor must provide
the
best services to the clients based on their different needs. The principle also
emphasizes fair and impartial treatment of all clients in the most competent
manner by the counsellor. It also entails the counsellor providing adequate
services to all clients based on the different needs and reasons for counselling.  Self- respect:
According to this principle, the counsellor must foster self-
respect by imbibing sufficient and significant knowledge about profession
and also by caring for self. This is essential to boost the confidence of the
counsellor and for enabling him to indulge in the profession in the best possible
manner.
The aims of counselling can be summarized as follows:  It aims to help clients manage their
problems effectively.  It enables clients to make efficient use of unused or underused opportunities.

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1.4.

counselling must be treated as an individual who has unique needs. In other

process of counselling must permit the environment to be developed as per

individual’s feelings. In other words, respecting the feelings of the person

emphasizes on thinking with the individual. In other words, a counsellor must

learning.  Principle of consistency with ideals of democracy: Counselling and all

democracy basically emphasize on accepting an individual and showing

respect. In fact, respect is considered to be the right of an individual when it

comes to the ideals of democracy. Counselling as has already been stated

and behaviours of the various individuals who seek counselling.

Counselling as has been stated is a professional service and, therefore, must

principles of counselling:  Being Trustworthy: According to this principle, a counsellor must be

to participate in the counselling process. The client must voluntarily participate

the client is not harmed in any manner. Non-maleficence basically suggests

manner by the counsellor. It also entails the counsellor providing adequate

respect by imbibing sufficient and significant knowledge about profession

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