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    Chlorophyceae: Volvox

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    Anil
    This document summarizes the characteristics of Volvox, a genus of green algae. It belongs to the kingdom Plantae, division Chlorophyta, class Chlorophyceae, order Volvocales, and family Volvocaceae. Volvox forms spherical or oval colonies called coenobia that float in freshwater. Each cell within the coenobium can move and function independently using two flagella. Reproduction can occur asexually via gonidia forming new coenobia inside the parent colony, or sexually with antheridia and oogonia producing fertilized zygotes that overwinter on the bottom of water bodies.

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    Chlorophyceae: Volvox

    Uploaded by

    Anil
    573 views13 pages
    This document summarizes the characteristics of Volvox, a genus of green algae. It belongs to the kingdom Plantae, division Chlorophyta, class Chlorophyceae, order Volvocales, and family Volvocaceae. Volvox forms spherical or oval colonies called coenobia that float in freshwater. Each cell within the coenobium can move and function independently using two flagella. Reproduction can occur asexually via gonidia forming new coenobia inside the parent colony, or sexually with antheridia and oogonia producing fertilized zygotes that overwinter on the bottom of water bodies.

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    Volvox

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    This document summarizes the characteristics of Volvox, a genus of green algae. It belongs to the kingdom Plantae, division Chlorophyta, class Chlorophyceae, order Volvocales, and family Volvocaceae. Volvox forms spherical or oval colonies called coenobia that float in freshwater. Each cell within the coenobium can move and function independently using two flagella. Reproduction can occur asexually via gonidia forming new coenobia inside the parent colony, or sexually with antheridia and oogonia producing fertilized zygotes that overwinter on the bottom of water bodies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    573 views13 pages

    Chlorophyceae: Volvox

    Uploaded by

    Anil
    This document summarizes the characteristics of Volvox, a genus of green algae. It belongs to the kingdom Plantae, division Chlorophyta, class Chlorophyceae, order Volvocales, and family Volvocaceae. Volvox forms spherical or oval colonies called coenobia that float in freshwater. Each cell within the coenobium can move and function independently using two flagella. Reproduction can occur asexually via gonidia forming new coenobia inside the parent colony, or sexually with antheridia and oogonia producing fertilized zygotes that overwinter on the bottom of water bodies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 13

    CHLOROPHYCEAE

    Volvox

    PRESENTED BY : SUMITA,
    ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
    DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY,
    PGGC – 11, CHANDIGARH.
    Systematic position
    Kingdom - Plantae
    Division - Chlorophyta
    Class - Chlorophyceae
    Order - Volvocales
    Family -Volvocaceae
    Genus- Volvox
    OCCURENCE
    - Includes about 20 species
    - All are aquatic and free floating
    - They mostly occur in fresh water bodies
    - It forms a beautiful green coloured phytoplankton on
    the surface of water body
    - It occurs as green rolling balls of pin head sized
    coenobia
    VEGETATIVE STRUCTURE
    • Plant body is multicellular motile
    coenobium
    • The coenobia of Volvox are spherical,
    oval are ellipsoidal in shape
    • Each cell is biflagellate and the alga
    rolls over the surface of water by the
    joint action of flagella
    • The coenobium of Volvox is an
    assemblage of similar and independent
    cells. Each cell performs its own function
    of nutrition, respiration and excretion.
    • Each cell has its own gelatinous
    sheath. It is connected with the sheath
    of other cells by a series of cytoplasmic
    strands, called plasmodesmata.
    REPRODUCTION
    ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
    - Occurs during growing season
    - at maturity, few cells in
    posterior half are pushed back into
    hollow cavity
    - cells withdraw their flagella,
    increase in size, become round
    shaped
    - these reproductive cells are called
    gonidia
    - The protoplasm of each gonidium
    divides by successive longitudinal
    divisions & forms daughter
    coenobium
    - Sometimes, young coenobia are
    formed inside the young daughter
    coenobia, called grand daughter
    colonies
    SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

    • OOGAMOUS TYPE
    • Male sex organs: Antheridia (androgonia)
    • Female sex organs: oogonia (Gynogonidia)
    • Some species are monoecious and some are dioecious
    • Some cells at posterior half of coenobium retract flagella,
    enlarge, & become gametangia
    • Male gametangium give rise to antheridium and female
    gametangium to oogonium
    ANTHERIDIA (ANDROGONIDIA) and
    OOGONIA (GYNOGONIDIA)

    • Each antherozoid is uninucleate, biflagellate and possesses a


    small chloroplast.
    • The mass of antherozoids (spermatozoids) is released at maturity.
    • The protoplasm of female gametangium does not divide, but
    metamorphosed into single, non flagellated green spherical egg
    or oosphere.
    • The female gametangium is now called oogonium.
    FERTILIZATION

    • The antherozoids are attracted chemotactically towards oogonium


    • Only one antherozoid fuses with the egg from the side and the egg
    now become zygote
    ZYGOTE
    • Zygote secretes its own cell wall. It is
    three layered – exospore, mesospore and
    endospore
    • The zygote remains embedded inside the
    oogonium and tides over the unfavourable
    conditions
    • Finally the parent colony decays and the
    zygote fall to the bottom of water body
    • Prior to germination, the diploid nucleus
    of zygote divides by meiosis
    • Zygote protoplasm metamorphoses into
    a zoospore
    • Zygote divides to form a hollow sphere of
    cells and produces a young coenobium
    LIFE CYCLE
    THANKS

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