Physical Science 5e Lesson Plan

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Some key takeaways from the lesson include learning about chemical reactions through observing how different liquids interact with pennies and affect their appearance. Students also learned scientific terms to describe their observations.

Students may have predicted that the pennies would remain unchanged, get cleaner, or change color depending on the liquid. They were asked to make observations about each liquid mixed with pennies.

The salt and vinegar solution made the pennies shiny again by removing the dull copper oxide layer on the surface of the pennies.

5E Lesson Plan

Teacher: ​Katelyn Valor


Date: ​10-11-20
Subject/grade level: ​Physical Science- Chemical Reactions and Properties of Matter​ ​5th
Materials:
Experiment:
- Clean-up supplies (paper towels)
- Liquid soap
- Scotch tape
- Measuring cup
- Measuring spoons
- Plastic containers with lids
- Salt
- White vinegar
- Pennies (pre-1982)
Class:
- Coke & Toothpaste YouTube Video​ (Start at 1:46)
- Chemical Magic Google Form Assessment
- Computers
- Mystery Science ​The Alchemist’s Potion ​worksheet
- Mystery Science ​Test Like an Alchemist​ ​printout
- Chemical Magic Quiz
- Colored pencils
- Zoom
- Google Classroom
NGSS:
5-PS1-1​: Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
SEP: ​Developing and Using Models
- Modeling in 3–5 builds on K–2 experiences and progresses to building and revising
simple models and using models to represent events and design solutions.
● Use models to describe phenomena.
DCI:​PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
● Matter of any type can be subdivided into particles that are too small to see, but even
then the matter still exists and can be detected by other means. A model showing that
gases are made from matter particles that are too small to see and are moving freely
around in space can explain many observations, including the inflation and shape of a
balloon and the effects of air on larger particles or objects.
CCC: ​Scale, Proportion, and Quantity
● Natural objects exist from the very small to the immensely large.
5-PS1-2​: Measure and graph quantities to provide evidence that regardless of the type of
change that occurs when heating, cooling, or mixing substances, the total weight of matter is
conserved.
SEP​:​Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking
- Mathematical and computational thinking in 3–5 builds on K–2 experiences and
progresses to extending quantitative measurements to a variety of physical properties
and using computation and mathematics to analyze data and compare alternative design
solutions.
● Measure and graph quantities such as weight to address scientific and engineering
questions and problems.

DCI​: ​PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter


● The amount (weight) of matter is conserved when it changes form, even in transitions
in which it seems to vanish.

PS1.B: Chemical Reactions


● No matter what reaction or change in properties occurs, the total weight of the
substances does not change. (Boundary: Mass and weight are not distinguished at this
grade level.)

CCC​: ​Scale, Proportion, and Quantity


● Standard units are used to measure and describe physical quantities such as weight,
time, temperature, and volume.

Lesson objective(s):
Students will make predictions based on what they know about the different liquids.
Students will observe the experiment and write down their observations on their worksheet.
Students will be able to participate in class discussions and provide reasons to back up their
thoughts.
Students will be able to apply their observations and complete the quiz.
Differentiation strategies to meet diverse learner needs:
EL​: Students will be able to draw pictures to explain their observations instead of writing them
out. They will need to label their drawings so I know exactly what they drew. Allowing my
students to draw pictures instead of writing out their observations will save them time and
allow them to focus on the content instead of the writing.

SPED​: Students will be asked to complete observations for the soapy water and salt and
vinegar solutions. They can do this by drawing pictures or using short sentences. Doing this
will allow my students to focus on the content that is being taught without getting caught up in
the writing aspect. This will also allow them to keep up with the rest of the class.
Gate​: Students will be asked to research if there are other ways in which we can turn a dull
item into a shiny one using a mixture of household items.Allowing my students to expand on
this topic will excite them and keep them engaged in the activity.
ENGAGEMENT
Show students coke & toothpaste reaction video (start at 1:46)
- Ask what they think will happen when coke is mixed with toothpaste and a secret
ingredient
Students may think:
- What caused the coke & toothpaste mix to blow up like that?
- What other experiments can I create using different items from home?
- What kind of items react when I mix them together?
EXPLORATION
The Penny Experiment
- 4 different solutions in front of me able to be viewed by students
Before starting the experiment, I will ask my students
- What are your predictions before we put the penny in the liquid solutions?
I will then set up four testing liquids (soapy water, salty water, vinegar, and salt and vinegar)
and one by one dip half a penny into the liquid.
- I will leave half the penny in the liquid for 15 seconds. (My students will be watching
the timer on the screen to make sure I take it out at 15 seconds.)
Students will have a copy of the ​Test like an alchemist​ ​worksheet printed and in front of them.
- They will take notes based on their observations.
Pre-Assessment: Allow students to explore the questions to see what they already know about
chemical reactions.
- Do you think any of these liquids will make a dull penny shiny? Why or why not?
- What is the stuff that makes the pennies dull?
- How does it get there?
EXPLANATION
- What were your observations after we took the pennies out?
- How are the four liquids different? Does this explain why some worked and why some
did not?
- Introduce terms (after student explanations) connecting to the experiment
- Scientific hypothesis, theory, etc
- Solution
- Chemical reaction
- Molecule (copper oxide in this instance)
- alchemist
Higher Order Thinking Questions
- Describe what happens when you place the penny in the different solutions.
- What do you think happened in the salt and vinegar solution?
- Why did the salt and vinegar make the penny shiny?
- What makes the pennies dull?
ELABORATION
- Formative: Students will do questions 1a and 1b on their worksheet ​Alchemist’s Potion,
Part 1​ (in Google Classroom) and record their observations.
- Unfortunately, the students will not be able to draw on the document so they will
draw their picture on a separate paper and upload it to the document later.
- Students will discuss the reasoning behind why the dull layer came off when using
vinegar.

Students can apply this knowledge to their daily lives anytime they clean. When we are cleaning
our homes we use specific combinations of liquids (chemicals) because their chemical reaction
helps clean up the mess we are trying to get rid of. A good example is a water and baking soda
solution (great for cleaning greasy surfaces!)

EVALUATION
- Summative: Students will also complete a ​Google Form quiz​ to demonstrate their
knowledge of the experiment.
- Through the use of Google Forms I will be able to see students results right away
and be able to identify students who have mastered the content, students who
need extra practice, and students who still don’t understand the concept.

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