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    Laboratory Dilution: Gsci1103L-General Chemistry 1 Lab

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    Andrea Aurielle

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    Laboratory Dilution: Gsci1103L-General Chemistry 1 Lab

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Aurielle
    1K views3 pages

    Original Title

    LABORATORY DILUTION

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    Laboratory Dilution: Gsci1103L-General Chemistry 1 Lab

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Aurielle

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    The experiment discusses different dilutions of a drink mix solution and how concentration affects properties like color and taste. Methods to calculate concentration percentage are also explained.

    Molarity (moles of solute per total volume), molality (moles of solute per mass of solvent), mass percentage (mass of solute per total mass), and volume percentage (volume of solute per total volume) were discussed.

    Generally, increasing temperature and pressure increases solubility. For solids in liquids, higher temperatures provide more kinetic energy to break apart solute molecules. According to Henry's Law, solubility of gases in liquids increases with higher pressure above the solution.

    LABORATORY DILUTION

    GSCI1103L-GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 LAB

    November 18th, 2020

    Andrea Aurielle Adimiharja

    2020370025

    Lecturer: Iwan Setiawan, Ph.D.

    Lab Assistant: Yhana Mulyaningsih

    INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

    FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

    SAMPOERNA UNIVERSITY

    2020
    EXPERIMENT 1

    Data Table 1: Concentration and Physical Properties of Drink Mix Solutions


    Solution Concentration (%) Color Intensity Taste
    Stock Solution 13,5 Darkest brown Heavy sweet
    Dilution 1 2.25 Lighter brown Not very sweet
    Dilution 2 5.06 Dark brown A little heavy sweet
    Dilution 3 1.69 Lightest brown Not much flavor
    Dilution 4 3.38 Brown Sweet
    EXERCISE 1

    1. The normal recipe for preparing Kool-Aid® calls for adding the entire package and 1
    cup of sugar to 2 quarts of water. Calculate the volume percent of this solution and
    determine which of your samples is the closest to the concentration of the recommended
    preparation. Again, assume that the weight of the drink mix is 0.0 g. The total volume of
    the solution is 8 and 2/3 cups.

    Solute: 1 cup of sugar


    Total volume of solution: 8 and 2/3 cups
    1
    Concentration percentage: 2 × 100% = 11.54% (it is closest to the stock solution)
    8
    3

    2. A solute often takes on properties of the solvent. How was this exhibited in Part 1?

    From Part 1, we can tell that even though the solute (Kool-Aid®) is a solid, after it is mixed
    with the solvent (water), it turns into having liquid properties.

    3. List and describe the methods discussed to express the concentration of a solution

    Molarity (solute moles per total volume), molality (solute moles per mass of solvent), mass
    percentage (solute mass per total mass), volume percentage (solute volume per total volume),
    and mole fraction (solute moles per total moles)

    4. Describe the effects of temperature and pressure on solubility. If you had used boiling
    water instead of lukewarm water, would your results have changed? If so, how?

    Generally, with the increase in temperature and pressure, solubility also increases. Mostly in
    solid-liquid solutions, temperature increases the solubility because of the increase in kinetic
    energy that comes with higher temperatures that allows the solvent to more effectively break
    the solute molecules, hence why Kool-Aid® dissolves faster and better in warm water. An
    increase in pressure also increases solubility, mostly in gases. This is according to Henry’s
    Law which states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure
    of that gas above the surface of the solution

    5. Rubbing alcohol is a commonly used disinfectant and has a cooling effect when
    applied to the skin. The active ingredient in rubbing alcohol is isopropanol. In
    drugstores, the most common concentration of rubbing alcohol sold contains 70%
    (vol/vol) isopropanol in water. Assuming the rubbing alcohol manufacturer uses a
    100% isopropanol solution, what volume of pure isopropanol is required to produce a
    200-mL bottle of rubbing alcohol? Show all calculations in your answer.

    𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒


    × 100% = × 100% = 70%
    𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 200𝑚𝐿
    70% × 200𝑚𝐿
    = 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
    100

    𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 140𝑚𝐿

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