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    Python Tutorial-2

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    Sumit Tripathi
    A constructor in Python is defined using the __init__ method and is called when a class is instantiated. Constructors can be parameterized or non-parameterized. The __init__ method is used to initialize object attributes and verify resources. Common built-in functions for classes include getattr() to access attributes, setattr() to set attributes, delattr() to delete attributes, and hasattr() to check if an attribute exists.

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    Python Tutorial-2

    Uploaded by

    Sumit Tripathi
    77 views3 pages
    A constructor in Python is defined using the __init__ method and is called when a class is instantiated. Constructors can be parameterized or non-parameterized. The __init__ method is used to initialize object attributes and verify resources. Common built-in functions for classes include getattr() to access attributes, setattr() to set attributes, delattr() to delete attributes, and hasattr() to check if an attribute exists.

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    Python Tutorial-2

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    A constructor in Python is defined using the __init__ method and is called when a class is instantiated. Constructors can be parameterized or non-parameterized. The __init__ method is used to initialize object attributes and verify resources. Common built-in functions for classes include getattr() to access attributes, setattr() to set attributes, delattr() to delete attributes, and hasattr() to check if an attribute exists.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    77 views3 pages

    Python Tutorial-2

    Uploaded by

    Sumit Tripathi
    A constructor in Python is defined using the __init__ method and is called when a class is instantiated. Constructors can be parameterized or non-parameterized. The __init__ method is used to initialize object attributes and verify resources. Common built-in functions for classes include getattr() to access attributes, setattr() to set attributes, delattr() to delete attributes, and hasattr() to check if an attribute exists.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Python Constructor

    A constructor is a special type of method (function) which is used to initialize the


    instance members of the class.

    Constructors can be of two types.

    1. Parameterized Constructor
    2. Non-parameterized Constructor

    Constructor definition is executed when we create the object of this class. Constructors
    also verify that there are enough resources for the object to perform any start-up task.

    Creating the constructor in python


    In python, the method __init__ simulates the constructor of the class. This method is
    called when the class is instantiated. We can pass any number of arguments at the time
    of creating the class object, depending upon __init__ definition. It is mostly used to
    initialize the class attributes. Every class must have a constructor, even if it simply relies
    on the default constructor.

    Consider the following example to initialize the Employee class attributes.

    Example
    class Employee:  
        def __init__(self,name,id):  
            self.id = id;  
            self.name = name;  
        def display (self):  
            print("ID: %d \nName: %s"%(self.id,self.name))  
    emp1 = Employee("John",101)  
    emp2 = Employee("David",102)  
      
    #accessing display() method to print employee 1 information  
       
    emp1.display();   
      
    #accessing display() method to print employee 2 information  
    emp2.display();   

    Python Non-Parameterized Constructor Example


    class Student:    
        # Constructor - non parameterized    
        def __init__(self):    
            print("This is non parametrized constructor")    
        def show(self,name):    
            print("Hello",name)    
    student = Student()    
    student.show("John")

        Python Parameterized Constructor Example


    class Student:    
        # Constructor - parameterized    
        def __init__(self, name):    
            print("This is parametrized constructor")    
            self.name = name    
        def show(self):    
            print("Hello",self.name)    
    student = Student("John")    
    student.show()  

    Python In-built class functions


    The in-built functions defined in the class are described in the following table.

    SN Function Description

    1 getattr(obj,name,default) It is used to access the attribute of the object.

    2 setattr(obj, name,value) It is used to set a particular value to the specific attribute

    3 delattr(obj, name) It is used to delete a specific attribute.

    4 hasattr(obj, name) It returns true if the object contains some specific attribu

    Example
    class Student:  
        def __init__(self,name,id,age):  
            self.name = name;  
            self.id = id;  
            self.age = age  
      
    #creates the object of the class Student  
    s = Student("John",101,22)  
      
    #prints the attribute name of the object s  
    print(getattr(s,'name'))  
      
    # reset the value of attribute age to 23  
    setattr(s,"age",23)  
      
    # prints the modified value of age  
    print(getattr(s,'age'))  
      
    # prints true if the student contains the attribute with name id  
      
    print(hasattr(s,'id'))  
    # deletes the attribute age  
    delattr(s,'age')  
      
    # this will give an error since the attribute age has been deleted  
    print(s.age)  

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