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LESSON 13

Lesson At home

Review of there is and there are

We use there is or there are when we talk about something for the first time, to say that it exists.
The subject follows the verb "to be" when there is used. The verb always agrees with the noun
that follows there.

There is a sofa in the living room. The subject is sofa.

There are three chairs in the living room. The subject is chairs.

The negative of there is is there is not or there isn’t.

There isn’t a map in the classroom.

The negative of there are is there are not or there aren’t.

There aren’t any pictures on the wall.

In the yes/no question form, is and are come before there.

Is there a map on the wall?
Are there any beds in the living room?

You may use there is and there are when answering a question using how many.
How many chairs are there in the living room?
There are three chairs in the living room.

We can begin yes/no questions with isn’t there and aren’t there.
We can also give short answers to these questions.
Isn’t there a computer in Tim’s room? No, there is not.
Aren’t there any candles in your room? Yes, there are. There are four candles.

The subject always follows be when there is used.

Singular Plural
Positive singular There is a book on the table. There are three books on the
table.
Negative singular There isn’t a book on the table. There aren’t any books on the
table.
Y/N Questions Is there a book on the table? Are there any books on the
table?
Information Questions How many books are on the table? How many books are on the
table?

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Revew of count and noncount nouns
Look at these sentences.
I have an apple.
There isn’t a bed in that room.
Sara has a computer in her living room.
Alec doesn’t have a mirror in his bathroom.

The nouns apple, bed, computer and mirror are count nouns. You can count them with numbers
(one apple, two apples etc.). They can be preceded by an indefinite article (a or an). They have a
plural form ending in –s , -es or –ies.

Now, look at these sentences.

There is furniture on the truck.
Mike needs sugar for his tea.
Tony must do his homework in his bedroom.
Alex always puts water in the refrigerator.

The nouns furniture, sugar, homework and water are noncount nouns. They can’t be counted
with numbers (one homework). They can’t be preceded by a or an. There is no plural form.

Revew of some
Look at these sentences:
There are some flowers on the table.
There is some rice in the cupboard.
Bridget has some blouses in her wardrobe.
We have some perfume in the bathroom.

Some is usually used in positive sentences. It can be used in front of count and noncount nouns.
With count nouns, it is used in front of plural nouns.

one chair some chairs

some furniture

With noncount nouns, it means there is a quantity of something.

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LESSON 13
Revew of some and any
Look at these sentences.
Ken doesn’t have any homework tonight.
There aren’t any paintings in my bedroom.
There aren’t any good programs on TV tonight.
Michael doesn’t have any clean clothes in his wardrobe.

We use any in negative sentences and questions. In a negative sentence, it means there is or are
none. It can be used in front of count and noncount nouns. Any can also be used after never.
Ken doesn’t have any homework tonight. = Ken has no homework.
There aren’t any good programs on TV tonight. = There are no good programs on TV tonight.
There are never any bottles of water in the refrigerator. = There are never bottles of water in the
refrigerator.

In question forms, any can be used in a positive form and negative form.
Do you have any books? Yes, I have four books.
Don’t you have any books? No, I don’t have any books.

Review of adjectives
Look at these sentences.
The painting is beautiful.
Jake’s bedroom is dirty.
There is a delicious cake in the cupboard.
Andy has a new magazine on the coffee table.

Beautiful, dirty, delicious and new are adjectives. Adjectives describe nouns. They are usually in
front of a noun. With the verb "to be", they can come after the noun.

It is beautiful. Beautiful describes it.

Jake’s bedroom is dirty. Dirty describes bedroom.
There is a delicious cake in the refrigerator. Delicious describes cake.
Andy has a new magazine on the coffee table. New describes magazine.

Adverbs
Look at these sentences.
The students did their homework quietly.
Ellen cleaned her bedroom carefully.
My mother cooks very well.
She ate her breakfast quickly this morning.

Adverbs can tell us about a verb, adjective, or another adverb. An adverb tells us how a person
does something or how something happens. Many adverbs end in –ly.
The students did their homework quietly. The adverb is quietly.
The adverb tells us how the students did their homework.
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Ellen cleaned her bedroom carefully. The adverb is carefully.

The adverb tells us how Ellen cleaned her bedroom.

My mother cooks very well. The adverb is well.

The adverb tells us how she cooks.

She ate her breakfast quickly this morning. The adverb is quickly.
It tells us how she ate her breakfast.

Let’s look at some special vocabulary.

Good is an adjective. The adverb is well.
Her French is good.
She speaks French well.

Fred is a good guitar player.

He plays the guitar well.

Some words can be adjectives and adverbs.

She is a fast reader. Fast is an adjective. It describes reader (noun).
She can read fast. Fast is an adverb. It describes read (verb).

John is a hard worker. Hard is an adjective. It descibes worker (noun).

John works hard. Hard is an adverb. It describes works.

The cleaning woman was late. Late is an adjective. It describes cleaning woman (noun).
The cleaning woman arrived late this morning. Late is an adverb. It describes arrived (verb).

Adverbs are also used to express time. Today, tomorrow and yesterday can be adverbs.
He will clean the bathroom tomorrow.
Josh painted his bedroom yesterday.
We will buy a new armchair today.

Adverbs are also used to express how often we do something. Never, sometimes, often, etc. are
adverbs.
My sister never smokes in her bedroom.
Our family usually eats in the dining room.
My grandfather rarely buys new furniture.
These adverbs are called adverbs of frequency. They usually come before the verb.
However, with the verb "to be", these adverbs come after the verb.
Kevin’s aunt is always happy.
Gina was never late for breakfast.

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LESSON 13

Comparative with as…as

Let’s look at as…….as with adjectives first.
Sandy’s room is as clean as Ted’s room.
Al is as tall as his father.
The kitchen sink is as dirty as the bathroom sink.
My television is as new as Jennifer’s television.

As….as is used to say that the two parts of a comparison are equal or the same in some way. We
use as + adjective + as.
Sandy’s room is as clean as Ted’s room.
Sandy’s room is clean.
Ted’s room is clean, too.

Al is as tall as his father.

Al and his father are the same height.

My television is as new as Jennifer’s television.

My television is new. I bought it last month.
Jennifer’s television is new, also. She bought it last month.

Let’s look at the negative of as……as with adjectives.

Look at these sentences.
George’s armchair isn’t as old as Gabe’s armchair.
The living room ceiling isn’t as high as the dining room ceiling.
Colleen’s rugs aren’t as beautiful as Sheila’s rugs.
Vera isn’t as young as her sister.

The negative form of as…..as is not as……as. It is used to say that two parts of a comparison are
not equal.
George’s armchair isn’t as old as Gabe’s armchair. It is newer.
The living room ceiling isn’t as high as the dining room ceiling. It is lower.
Colleen’s rugs aren’t as beautiful as Sheila’s rugs. Colleen’s rugs are plain.
Vera isn’t as young as her sister. She is older.

Now, let’s look at as…..as with adverbs.

Look at these sentences.
Stan cleaned the kitchen as quickly as Jeff did.
Paul did his homework as easily as his brother did.
Making an omelet was as hard as making a cake.
He drove the car as carefully as his father did.

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Adverbs are made in the comparative the same way adjectives are:
as + adjective + as
as + adverb + as
It is also used to say that two parts of a comparison are the same.

The negative form is: not + verb + object/complement + as + adverb + as.

Stan didn’t clean the kitchen as quickly as Jeff did.

Exercise 1: Using the words, complete the sentences using as…as or not as…You can make
positive or negative sentences.

Paul didn’t do his homework as easily as his brother did

Example: The hall and the livingroom. (light)

The hall isn’t as light as the livingroom.

A chair and a sofa (big)

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A living room and a bathroom.(small)

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Good health and money (important)

________________________________________________

Coffee table and bedside table (long)

________________________________________________

Big television and computer (expensive)

________________________________________________

A chair and sofa (comfortable)

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The closet and the ceiling (high)

________________________________________________

The bathroom and the kitchen (dark)

________________________________________________

The bedroom and the livingroom (spacious)

________________________________________________

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Exercise 2: Make sentences using as…as with the adjectives in parentheses. You can make
positive or negative sentences.
Example: Bob is younger than Sally. (old)
Bob isn’t as old as Sally.

This table is cheaper than that table. (expensive)

_____________________________________________________________

My parent’s bathroom is bigger than my bathroom. (small)

_____________________________________________________________

John’s cupboards are dirtier than Marie’s cupboards. (clean)

_____________________________________________________________

Andy’s paintings are more colorful than Sam’s paintings. (plain)

_____________________________________________________________

Her desk is longer than her brother’s desk. (short)

_____________________________________________________________

These books are thinner than those books. (thick)

_____________________________________________________________

Her apartment is more spacious than mine. (cramped)

_____________________________________________________________

My neighbour is quieter than his neighbour. (noisy)

_____________________________________________________________

The supermarket is further from his apartment than from hers. (close to)
_____________________________________________________________

This house is more expensive than that house. (cheap)

_____________________________________________________________

Reading

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B
Read the conversation and answer the questions.

illy and Bobby Beaver are not happy. They have moved to a new
dam. There were some hunters near their old dam. They decided it
was a good idea to move. They loved their old home. Their bedrooms were
bigger and their straw beds were more comfortable. There was a nice piece
of wood they used for a table. They even had a small mirror they had found
in the river. They used it for sharpening their teeth.
Their new dam isn’t good. It isn’t as big as their old place. There are no
straw beds. Their storage room isn’t as big as the old
one. They can’t keep as many fresh fish as they used
to. Now, Bart, who is a very bad beaver, has been
stealing their fish. They need to get a door for their
small storage space to keep Bart out. The only good
thing is there aren’t any hunters. They wish that one
hunter would come and shoot Bart!

1).
What are Billy and Bobby?

2). Why did they move to a new dam?

3). Why did they like the old dam better?

4). What did the beavers use for a table?

5). Where did they find a mirror?

6). What did they use the mirror for?

7). Why isn’t the new dam good?

8). Is the storage room as big as the one in their old dam?

9). What has Bart been doing?

10). Why do they hope a hunter would come?

ANSWER KEY Lesson 13

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LESSON 13
Exercise 1: Using the words, complete the sentences using as…as or not as… You can make
positive or negative sentences. Other answers are possible.

A chair and a sofa (big)

A chair isn’t as big as a sofa.

A living room and a bathroom.(small)

A living room isn’t as small as a bathroom.

Good health and money (important)

Good health is as important as money.

Coffee table and bedside table (long)

A bedside table isn’t as long as a coffee table.

Big television and computer (expensive)

A big television is as expensive as a computer.

A chair and sofa (comfortable)

A chair isn’t as comfortable as a sofa.

The closet and the ceiling (high)

The closet isn’t as high as the ceiling.

The bathroom and the kitchen (dark)

The bathroom is as dark as the kitchen.

The bedroom and the livingroom (spacious)

The bedroom isn’t as spacious as the livingroom.

Exercise 2: Make sentences using as…as with the adjectives in parentheses. You can make positive
and negative sentences.

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Example: Bob is younger than Sally. (old)

Bob isn’t as old as Sally.

This table is cheaper than that table. (expensive)

This table isn’t as expensive as that table.

My parent’s bathroom is bigger than my bathroom. (small)

My parent’s bathroom isn’t as small as my bathroom.

John’s cupboards are dirtier than Marie’s cupboards. (clean)

John’s cupboards aren’t as clean as Marie’s cupboards.

Andy’s paintings are more colorful than Sam’s paintings. (plain)

Andy’s paintings aren’t as plain as Sam’s paintings.

Her desk is longer than her brother’s desk. (short)

Her desk isn’t as short as her brother’s desk.

These books are thinner than those books. (thick)

These books aren’t as thick as those books.

Her apartment is more spacious than mine. (cramped)

Her apartment isn’t as cramped as mine.

My neighbour is quieter than his neighbour. (noisy)

My neighbour isn’t as noisy as his neighbour.

The supermarket is further from his apartment than from hers. (close to)
The supermarket isn’t as close to his apartment as to hers.

This house is more expensive than that house. (cheap)

This house isn’t as cheap as that house.

Reading
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LESSON 13
1). What are Billy and Bobby?
Billy and Bobby are beavers.

2). Why did they move to a new dam?

There were hunters at the old dam.

3). Why did they like the old dam better?

It had bigger bedrooms and more comfortable beds.

4). What did the beavers use for a table?

They used a piece of wood.

5). Where did they find a mirror?

They found a mirror in the river.

6). What did they use the mirror for?

They used the mirror for sharpening their teeth.

7). Why isn’t the new dam good?

It isn’t as big and there are no straw beds.

8). Is the storage room as big as the one in their old dam?
No, it isn’t as big as the one in the old dam.

9). What has Bart been doing?

He has been stealing their fish.

10). Why do they hope a hunter would come?

The hunter might shoot Bart.

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vocabulary list
NOUNS VERBS ADJECTIVES ADVERBS PREPOSITIONS
bathtub borrow beautiful also at
bookcase describe clean any for
cabinet exist colorful easily in
perfume fix comfortable finally of
plumber precede delicious hard on
poster dirty never to
rug fast often with
shampoo new rarely
sink plain slowly
some
sometimes
then
usually
well

CONJUNCTIONS QUESTION WORDS

and how
because what
where
which
who
why

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