Calabano Clinical Bacteriology Activity 2

ACTIVITY 2
CULTURE MEDIA

NAME: CALABANO, Mark Jasper C. SECTION: II- BS Medical Technology
DATE: 2/13/2021

1. ENUMERATE THE DIFFERENT TYPE OF CULTURE MEDIA BASED ON USE. GIVE 5
EXAMPLES OF EACH.

ROUTINE LABORATORY MEDIA:
TYPE EXAMPLES USE

General Purpose Media- 1. Sheep's Blood Agar Plate Allows cultivation of fastidious
provides enough nutrients in (SBAP) microorganism.
which most any microorganism
will utilize for growth. Allows for a 2. Horse Blood Agar Plate For Heamophilus; provides X-
wide variety of microorganisms to (HBAP) factor
grow
3. Nutrient Agar Used for the culture of less

fastidious organisms as a
general medium.
4. Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) Used for cultivation, isolation of
fastidious or nonfastidious
microorganisms or for
maintenance of stock
culture. Used for the
precultivation and enumeration
(E. coli) acc. to membrane-filter
technique. It is suitable for the
cultivation both of aerobes and
anaerobes.
5. Brain Heart Infusion Agar Suitable for the cultivation of
(BHIA) several fastidious strains of
bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
Differential Media- contain 1. Blood Agar Plate (BAP) To see the hemolytic ability of
specific ingredients to allow one microorganism.
to distinguish selected species or 2. MacConkey Agar (MAC) Differentiation of lactose
categories of bacteria by visual fermenting and non-lactose
observation. Differential fermenting enteric bacilli.
Media are used to distinguish Differentiation of lactose
between closely related 3. Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) fermenting and non-lactose
organisms or groups of fermenting enteric bacilli.
organisms.
4. Xylose-Lysine Deocycholate Differentiation of Salmonella and
Agar (XLD) Shigella spp. from other gm (-)
enteric bacilli.
Differentiation of stool
pathogens.
5. Hektoen Enteric Agar (HEA) Differentiation of Salmonella and
Shigella spp. from other gm (-)
enteric bacilli.
Selective Media- composed of 1. Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Selective for Vibrio spp.
specific ingredients to inhibit the Agar (TCBS)
growth of certain species of
microbes in a mixed culture while 2. Salmonella Shigella Agar Selective for Salmonella and
allowing others to grow. (SSA) Shigella spp.
3. Thayer Martin Agar (TMA) Selective Media in cultivating N.

gonorrhoeae
4. Middlebrook agar Selective for Mycobacterium
5. Lowenstein-Jensen medium
(LJ medium
Transport Media- aims to 1. Cary Blair For stool pathogens.

preserve a specimen and
minimize bacterial overgrowth 2. Stuart's Used in the transport and
from the time of collection to the preservation of biological
processing of the specimen specimens for the cultivation of
diverse organisms such as
Gonococci, Streptococci,
Enterobacteriaceae, etc.
3. JEMBEC (John E. Martin Replaced transgrow; uses a
Biological Environment tablet that acts as a CO 2
Chamber) generator.
4. Amies Uses in qualitative procedures for

the transport of clinical swab
specimens to the laboratory.
5. Todd-Hewitt For vaginal carriage (S.
agalactiae)
Enrichment Media- contain the 1. Buffered charcoal-yeast Used for the isolation and
nutrients required to support the extract agar (L-cysteine) presumptive identification of
growth of a wide variety of Legionella.
organisms, including some of the 2. Selenite F broth Used as an enrichment medium
more fastidious ones. for the isolation of Salmonella
from feces, urine, water, foods
and other materials of sanitary
importance.
3. Alkaline peptone water Used for the enrichment of Vibrio
cholera and Vibrio spp. from
food, water and clinical samples.
4. Thioglycollate broth Used primarily to determine the
oxygen requirements of
microorganisms
5. Tetrathionate broth Used as a selective enrichment
for the cultivation of Salmonella
spp.
Storage Media- media used for 1. Egg saline medium Used for preservation and
storing the bacteria for a long storage of bacterial cultures
period of time. 2. Chalk cooked meat broth
3. Nutrient Agar slopes
4. Semisolid nutrient agar stabs
5. Heated blood agar slopes

2. GIVE THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF STERILIZATION. GIVE EXAMPLES OF EACH
METHOD.

The different methods of sterilization mainly include moist heat sterilization and dry heat
sterilization. Moist heat sterilization causes destruction of microorganisms by denaturation of
macromolecules, primarily proteins. It involves Autoclaving (sporicidal, 121'C at 15 lbs/psi for 15
minutes); Inspissation (sporicidal, 75-80'C for 2 hours on 3 days); Tyndallization (sporicidal,
100'C for 30 minutes on 3 days); Boiling (nonsporicidal, 100'C for 30 minutes); and
Pasteurization (nonsporicidal, 63'C for 30 minutes, 72'C for 15 seconds). Dry heat sterilization
requires a higher temperature than moist heat and a longer exposure time. Examples of this
method are Hot air oven (sporicidal, 170-180'C for 2 hours); Incineration (sporicidal); Cremation
(sporicidal); Flaming (sporicidal); and Gas ethylene oxide (sporicidal).Other method of
sterilization include cold temperature/ freezing (bacteriostatic); lyophilization; osmotic pressure;
dessication; ionizing radiation; and filtration.

3. HOW DO YOU DETECT THAT YOU HAVE PREPARED AND TRANSFERRED A MEDIUM
WITHOUT ANY CONTAMINATION?

In order to determine if a group of media has been contaminated due to improper aseptic
technique, place them in a 37-degree Celsius incubator overnight, then inspect for any presence
of contamination such as colonies that display morphology different than what would one expect
from the type of bacteria used to inoculate the plate.

4. ENUMERATE THE DIFFERENT INHIBITORY SUBSTANCES INCORPORATED IN THE
CULTURE MEDIA TO MAKE IT SELECTIVE OR SPECIAL.

Culture media Inhibitory substance/s
Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts (TCBS) sodium thiosulfate, sodium citrate, bile salts
Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE) iron and cysteine
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin medium (CIN crystal violet, sodium desoxycholate, cefsulodin,
Medium) irgasan, and novobiocin
Hoyle’s Tellurite Lysed Blood Agar tellurite
Lowenstein-Jensen Agar penicillin, nalidixic acid and malachite green
Thayer-Martin Medium vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, trimethoprim
Mannitol Salt Agar mannitol

5. LIST SPECIAL CULTURE MEDIA WITH THE CORRESPONDING MICROORGANISMS
GROWN ON IT.

Culture media Microorganism
Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts (TCBS) Vibrio cholerae
Bile esculin Group D Streptococci
Bordet-Gengou Bordetella pertussis
Regan-Lowe
Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE) Legionella spp.
Cycloserine-Cefoxitin Fructose Agar (CCFA) Clostridium difficile
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin medium (CIN Yersinia enterocolitica
Medium)
Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris (EMJH) Leptospira spp.
Media
Hoyle’s Tellurite Lysed Blood Agar Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Lowenstein-Jensen Agar Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Middlebrook Media
Mannitol Salt Agar Staphylococcus aureus
Modiﬁed Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium (BSK) Borrelia burgdorferi
Thayer-Martin Medium Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Skirrow’s Campylobacter Medium Campylobacter jejuni
References:
Aladdin, (n.d.). Types of culture media used in Microbiology. Retrieved from https://www.aladdin
e.com/up_files/docs/Types%20of%20culture%20media%20used%20in%20microbiology.
pdf
Aryal, S. (2018). List of culture media used in microbiology with their uses. Retrieved from
https://microbiologyinfo.com/list-of-culture-media-used-in-microbiology-with-their-uses/:
Hawley, L., Ziegler, R., and Clarke, B. (2014). Board Review Series Microbiology and
Immunology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Mahon, C. and Lehman, D. (2019). Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. St. Louis,

Missouri: Elsevier Saunders.
Riedel, S., Hobden, J., Miller, S., et al. (2019). Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical
Microbiology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

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ACTIVITY 2

TYPE EXAMPLES USE

3. Nutrient Agar Used for the culture of less

3. Thayer Martin Agar (TMA) Selective Media in cultivating N.

4. Middlebrook agar Selective for Mycobacterium

Transport Media- aims to 1. Cary Blair For stool pathogens.

4. Amies Uses in qualitative procedures for

4. Semisolid nutrient agar stabs

5. Heated blood agar slopes

Mahon, C. and Lehman, D. (2019). Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. St. Louis,

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