2i Chemistry Test#3 HL March May 2020 Chapter 6, 8, 9, 10 & 11

5 min reading time 40 marks = 60 min working time

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THIS TEST (reading this is not included in the 5-minute reading time)

1) Please be aware that you are not permitted to share this document in any way with anyone. This
includes, but is not limited to, emailing, messaging, taking photos or discussing this test paper with
anyone from 10:00 until 12:00 on Friday 15.05.20 (to be sure all tests are uploaded). Failure to
comply can lead to a mark of 0% for this paper, which will be counted towards your final grade.

2) Before you go to page 2 of this document please make sure that you:
a) Are on Teams with your microphone muted and camera on.
b) Have your chemistry data booklet (in person or on the screen).
c) Have your calculator.
d) Have paper and pens - everything you need to complete the test without leaving your seat.
e) Have closed ALL OTHER browsers and documents on your computer.
f) Have some way of timing yourself (if you are using your phone, turn off your mobile internet).
g) Have checked you have the correct test - this one is the HL test.

3) Complete this test "under test conditions" - no notes, books, or any external help.

4) Start the test with 5 min of reading time (you will need to time yourself). You are not allowed to
write during this time. You can look through the data booklet.

5) The test will take 60 min (you will need to time yourself). (Not everyone needs to start at the same
time - just be sure that you work on the test for 60 min, then stop).

6) Handwrite the answers on paper and then at the end, take CLEAR photos and upload to the tab
"Test #3" in the allocated section “assessment” in your own section of OneNote.

7) Send Darija a message in Teams when you have uploaded your test and she will send you a message
back in Teams when she has checked that your test has been uploaded. Until then you cannot leave
Teams.

8) Once you have read through these instructions thoroughly and you are ready to begin, start your 5-
minute countdown and start reading. Good luck!

PAPER 2 (calculator and full chemistry data booklet available)

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QUESTION 1 (20 marks in total = 30 minutes working time)

1a. [1 mark] Define the term rate of reaction.

1b. [1 mark] State an equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with dilute nitric acid.

1c. [1 mark] The rate of this reaction in (b), can be studied by measuring the volume of gas collected over a
period of time. Sketch a graph which shows how the volume of gas collected changes with time.

1d. [4 marks] The experiment is repeated using a sample of hydrochloric acid with half the volume but
double the concentration of the original acid. Draw a second line on the graph you sketched in part (c) to
show the results in this experiment. Explain why this line is different from the original line.

1e. [4 marks] Nitrogen monoxide reacts at 1280 °C with hydrogen to form nitrogen and water. All
reactants and products are in the gaseous phase. The kinetics of the reaction were studied at this
temperature. The table shows the initial rate of reaction for different concentrations of each reactant.

Experiment [NO(g)]/ [H2(g)]/ Initial rate/

𝐦𝐨𝐥 𝐝𝐦−𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝐦𝐨𝐥 𝐝𝐦−𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝐦𝐨𝐥 𝐝𝐦−𝟑 𝐬 −𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓
1 2.50 1.00 0.63
2 5.00 1.00 2.50
3 5.00 2.00 5.00

Deduce the order of the reaction with respect to NO and , and explain your reasoning.

1f. [1 mark] Deduce the rate expression for the reaction.

1g. [2 marks] Determine the value of the rate constant for the reaction from Experiment 1 and state its
units.

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1h. [1 mark] The conversion of CH3 − N ≡ C into CH3 − C ≡ N is an exothermic reaction.

This reaction was carried out at different temperatures and a value of the rate constant, , was obtained
for each temperature. A graph of against is shown below.

Define the term activation energy, .

1i. [1 mark] Describe qualitatively the relationship between the rate constant, , and the temperature, .

1j. [4 marks] Calculate the activation energy, , for the reaction, using section 1 of the chemistry data
booklet.

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QUESTION 2 (2 marks in total = 3 minutes working time)

2. [2 marks] Acid–base chemistry can play a major role in chemical and biological processes.

The acidity of rainwater comes from the natural presence of three substances (CO2, NO, and SO2) found
in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). Pure water has a pH of 7.0; however, natural,
unpolluted rainwater, in certain areas of New York, has a pH of 4.6. Calculate the [H + (aq)] in rainwater,
correct to one decimal place, at 298 K.

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QUESTION 3 (7 marks in total = 10.5 minutes working time)

3a. The Haber process enables the large-scale production of ammonia needed to make fertilizers, as seen in
the formula below. Fertilizers may cause health problems for people because nitrates can change into
nitrites in water used for drinking.

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

(i) [1 mark] Define reduction in terms of oxidation numbers.

(ii) [1 mark] Deduce the oxidation states of nitrogen in the nitrate, , and nitrite, , ions.

3b. [3 marks] The nitrite ion is present in nitrous acid, HNO2, which is a weak acid. The nitrate ion is
present in nitric acid, HNO3, which is a strong acid. Distinguish between the terms strong and weak acid and
state the equations used to show the dissociation of each acid in aqueous solution.

3c. [2 marks] A small piece of aluminium is added to solutions of nitric and nitrous acid of the same
concentration at the same temperature. Describe two observations that would allow you to distinguish
between the two acids.

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QUESTION 4 (11 marks in total = 16.5 minutes working time)

4. There are several structural isomers with the molecular formula C6H13I.

All the isomers react when warmed with a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide according to
the equation below.

C6H13I+NaOH→C6H13OH+NaI

a. [3 marks] The reaction with 1-iodohexane proceeds by an SN2 mechanism. Describe this mechanism
using structural formulas and curly arrows to represent the movement of electron pairs.

b.i. [3 marks] The reaction with 2-iodo-2-methylpentane proceeds by an SN1 mechanism. Describe this
mechanism using structural formulas and curly arrows to represent the movement of electron pairs.

b.ii. [3 marks] Explain why 1-iodohexane reacts by an SN2 mechanism whereas

2-iodo-2-methylpentane reacts by an SN1mechanism.

b.iii. [2 marks] The product C6H13OH formed from the reaction with 1-iodohexane is warmed with
ethanoic acid in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. State the name of the type of
reaction taking place and the structural formula of the organic product.

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