Oedipus Complex
Oedipus Complex
Oedipus Complex
The most important aspect of the phallic stage is the Oedipus complex. This is one of
Freud's most controversial ideas and one that many people reject outright. The name of
the Oedipus complex derives from the Greek myth where Oedipus, a young man, kills
his father and marries his mother. Upon discovering this, he pokes his eyes out and
becomes blind. This Oedipal is the generic (i.e., general) term for both Oedipus and
Electra complexes.
In the young boy, the Oedipus complex or more correctly, conflict, arises because the
boy develops sexual (pleasurable) desires for his mother. He wants to possess his
mother exclusively and get rid of his father to enable him to do so. Irrationally, the boy
thinks that if his father were to find out about all this, his father would take away what he
loves the most. During the phallic stage what the boy loves most is his penis. Hence the
boy develops castration anxiety.
The little boy then sets out to resolve this problem by imitating, copying and joining in
masculine dad- type behaviors. This is called identification, and is how the three-to-five-
year-old boy resolves his Oedipus complex.
Identification means internally adopting the values, attitudes, and behaviors of another
person. The consequence of this is that the boy takes on the male gender role, and
adopts an ego ideal and values that become the superego.