MENGAPA NEGARA GAGAL

TUGAS

DISUSUN

NAMA NPM
M.Badaruddin 171210005

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU SOSIAL DAN POLITIK (STISIPOL)

Penulis : Daron Acemoglu dan James

Pengantar : Komarudin Hidayat

Penerbit : Elex Media Komputindo

Cetakan : Pertama, 2014

Tebal : 582 halaman

The original book written in English and printed in 2012 has also been reprinted twice, namely in
2014 and 2017. Reprinting so many times in this short span of time shows that the book was
responded positively by the Market by becoming a bestseller (best seller) ). This very important and
enlightening book, which is also a requirement with historical examples, will show you that the
political institutions of an Inclusive Economy are the key for a Nation to achieve sustainable
prosperity. This book will show how a good governance regime in a country can make the country
melejid rapidly and enjoy the benefits of the policy circle. While a bad regime will slowly drag its
country into an endless cycle of vicious circles. This book presents an important analysis that should
not be missed. This enthralling book answers what troubles the experts during the holidays: why are
there rich and poor countries, why are there gaps in prosperity and destitution, healthy and sick
people, people who are full and those who are starved?

Is it true that the difference is caused by cultural factors, climate or the geographical position of a
country?

Could it be triggered by the authorities' ignorance or ignorance of the right policy direction for the
benefit of their people?

The answer: no. The various factors have nothing to do with the gap mentioned earlier. Cultural
theory, climate, geography, and the stupidity of the authorities are not definitive factors that determine
the destiny of a nation. If all three theories are true, then how can we explain this striking Anomaly:
Botswana won the title as one of the most advanced countries in the world, while other African
countries such as Zimbabwe, Congo, and Sierra leone are still trapped and poverty and violence ?

Convincingly Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson show that the success or deterioration of a
country's economy is determined and influenced by the political economic institutions of human
creation.
The most interesting examples are Korea. North and South Korea have cultural, climate and
geographical diversity. Strangely, the people of North Korea are among the poorest countries in the
world, while the people of South Korea live well off as one of the most prosperous countries in the
world. South Korea has succeeded in building a society that values innovation and provides incentives
for creative and talented young people, and creates equal opportunities for all people who want to take
advantage of the various economic opportunities. The prosperity achieved can be maintained because
the government is responsive to the aspirations of citizens. But the people of North Korea are truly
pathetic. For decades they have suffered famine, a repressive government and a completely different
set of economic institutions and conditions that have been maintained or left on for some time. The
difference between North and South Korea is rooted in the politics of politics that creates the direction
and direction of the conflicting social institutions.

Not only North Korea and South Korea, this book also proves that the interpretation of the poverty of
the Egyptians, which is nothing but the result of the interpretation of the oppressed, can explain the
causes of poverty in many countries of the world. Whether it is in North Korea, Sierra Leone or
Zimbabwe, countries Countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States become prosperous
and rich because their people rise to overthrow the elite who hold power, then create a just society
with political rights that are equitable for all citizens, accountable and responsive government towards
the aspirations of citizens, and all the nation's children can take advantage every economy there is

The Industrial Revolution began in the late 18th century, when there was a shift in the use of labor in
Britain that had previously used animal and human power, which was then replaced by the use of
machines based on manufacturing. The initial period began with the mechanization of the textile
industry, the development of ironmaking techniques and the increased use of coal. Trade expansion
was also developed with the construction of canals, road improvements and railroads. The transition
from an agriculture-based economy to a manufacturing-based economy caused a massive migration of
people from villages to cities, and ultimately led to the swelling of populations in major cities in
England.

Then in this book I read about the most popular theory that explains about the rich and poor countries
is Hepotensis ignorance, which confirms that the gap exists because the authorities do not know how
to prosper the impoverished nation. Leonell Robbins in 1935 said economics was the study of human
behavior as the relationship between efforts to meet the needs and availability of scarce resources.

Based on that definition, economics should focus on maximally utilizing scarce resources to meet the
various needs of the community. Even in one of the economic theories called the first prosperity
theorem, various conditions conducive to allocating various resources into a market economy are
indicated. From an economic perspective, it is considered beneficial to the community.

Market economy is an advantage to describe the situation that allows all individuals and companies to
freely produce and sell goods or services according to their wishes. If according to the ideal situation
is not achieved, created, not achieved, what happens is called market failure. the failure is used as a
foundation to build a theory of the world's prosperity gap, because if conditions fail to overcome the
market, then a country will get poorer. Foolish hypnotic saying: Poor countries are victims of market
failures because Economists and policy makers do not know overcome these conditions and take the
wrong policy direction in the past. Sebalinya, rich countries can be like that because the dreamers are
working hard to make policies more effective and successfully overcome the conditions of market
failure.
The ignorance hypothesis can only be used to explain cases of economic disparity in a limited scope
but is difficult to apply at the micro level. For example the State of Ghana which occurred shortly
after the State declared its independence from the United Kingdom was a result of the stupidity of its
leadership. Kwame Nkrumah made policies that focused on national industrial development which
turned out to be very inefficient. So that Ghana has fallen from poverty in the post-reductions and is
poor.

That's all I can say and I can catch or receive from this book that I read. Of course not all that I read
sis only partially