Ortigas Center 

is regarded as one of the three most important central business districts in Metro Manila, the other two are the Makati CBD and the Bonifacio Global

City in Taguig.

Ayala Avenue, looking westward, in the Makati Central Business District.

Central Metro Manila Area.

Metro Manila has many central business districts (CBD), which categorizes it under the multiple nuclei model in human
geography terms. The most prominent CBDs are the Makati Central Business District, Bonifacio Global City, Ortigas
Center, Binondo, and Alabang. The region also has plenty of mixed-use developments owned and developed by private
corporations such as the Ayala Corporation, Eton Properties, Megaworld Corporation and SM Prime Holdings.
Makati, the sixteenth most populous city in the Philippines, is the premier business and commercial center of the Philippines.
The Central Business District is the headquarters to most of the multinational corporations residing in the Philippines as well as the
country's biggest commercial firms and BPO companies.  The Central Business District has an office stock of 1.1 million square
[78]

meters of Grade A and premium office space.  It is the home to the tallest skyscrapers in the region as well as in the country.
[79]

Bonifacio Global City is the newest business district of Manila and is the premier financial and lifestyle center of the metropolis. It is
located in the north-western part of Taguig City. It used to be a military base known as Fort Bonifacio. The Bases and Conversion
Development Authority (BCDA) privatized the property and its income from the sale was intended to be used for the modernization
of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. Upon its privatization, the place was transformed into a business hub featuring numerous
tourist attractions such as The Mind Museum, high-end shops, towering office skyscrapers, and luxurious lofts and condominiums.
Bonifacio Global City will soon overtake the Makati Central Business District as the premier financial center of the country in the
future. One of the reasons for it is that the Philippine Stock Exchange will relocate its headquarters in BGC. Also, it has more spaces
and land for future developments. It is also the most active business district, generating over 50 percent of the growth in property
market and has more available space for rent or lease and sale than Makati. [79]

Ortigas Center is the central business district located in Mandaluyong and Pasig, with a small portion of it located in Quezon City.
Landmarks in Ortigas include the EDSA Shrine, Shangri-La Plaza and the SM Megamall. Furthermore, The Medical City has its
main campus in Ortigas Center. Important financial and national institutions headquartered in Ortigas are the Asian Development
Bank, Union Bank of The Philippines and the National Economic and Development Authority. Ortigas is also the home to the
headquarters of San Miguel Corporation, Jollibee Foods Corporation, Lopez Group of Companies and The Manila Electric
Company.

Main central business districts show

Mixed-use developments show

Upcoming Mixed-use developments show

Shopping[edit]
See also: List of shopping malls in Metro Manila

Aerial view of the SM Mall of Asia Complex (2016)

Global Blue ranked Manila as one of the "Best Shopping Destinations" in Asia.  Metro Manila is home to some of the largest
[81][82]

shopping malls in the world, three of which are in the top 10. SM Megamall in Mandaluyong ranks as the 3rd largest shopping mall
in the world, followed by SM City North EDSA in Quezon City bagging the 4th place. Meanwhile, SM Mall of Asia in Pasay ranks as
the 9th largest shopping mall in world. Other shopping malls in Metro Manila in the list of the largest shopping malls in Metro Manila
are the Ever Gotesco Commonwealth Center, Festival Supermall, Greenbelt, Market! Market!, SM Aura Premier, SM
Southmall and TriNoma.

Tourism and gambling[edit]

Main articles: Tourism in Manila and Gambling in Metro Manila

Gate of Fort Santiago at the historic walled area of Intramuros, City of Manila. (2013)

San Agustin Church, which was built in 1604 is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tourism is a vital industry of the region. Metro Manila is the main gateway to the Philippines. Trade and tourism represents 31.4% of
share of NCR's output by industry according to Brookings Institution.  Metro Manila welcomed 974,379 overnight visitors in 2012,
[67]
making it the top overnight tourist destination of the country.  Manila is visited by the majority of international tourists coming to the
[83]

country registering a total of 3,139,756 arrivals in 2012. [84]

Metro Manila has opened 4,612 hotel rooms in 2015. It is also expected to exceed the 3,500 annual addition of hotel rooms in the
next two years.  Gambling in Metro Manila has also become a popular tourist attraction in the region. Metro Manila is a popular
[85][86][87]

gaming destination in Asia,  rivaling other major gaming destinations such as Macau and Singapore.  There are around 20
[88] [89][90]

casinos in the metropolis,  featuring luxurious casino hotels and integrated resorts. Its thriving local gambling market makes Manila
[91]

attractive to casino operators.  Popular gaming destinations are Resorts World Manila in Newport City in Pasay, Solaire Resort &
[92]

Casino, City of Dreams Manila, Okada Manila, Westside City Resorts World, and NayonLanding in Entertainment City in Bay

City, Parañaque. [93]

Okada Manila is one of Metro Manila's integrated casino resort and hotel complex.

Intramuros is the historic walled area within the modern City of Manila. Originally, it was considered to be Manila itself at the time
when the Philippines was under the Spanish Empire colonial rule. Owing to its history and cultural value, Intramuros and Rizal
Park were designated as flagship destination to become a tourism enterprise zone in the Tourism Act of 2009.  Intramuros is
[35]

managed by the Intramuros Administration.

The architecture of Intramuros reflects the Spanish colonial style and the American neoclassical architectural style, since the
Philippines was a colony of Spain and the United States before it was granted its independence in 1946. Kalesa is a popular mode
of transportation in Intramuros and nearby places  such as Binondo, Ermita and the Rizal Park.
[94]

Popular tourist destinations in Intramuros include the Baluarte de San Diego, Club Intramuros Golf Course, Cuartel de Santa
Lucia, Fort Santiago, Manila Cathedral, Palacio Arzobispal, Palacio de Santa Potenciana, Palacio del Gobernador, Plaza Mexico,
Plaza de Roma, San Agustin Church and its newest tourist attraction, the Ayuntamiento de Manila. [95]

Some of the country's oldest schools are founded in Intramuros, these are the University of Santo Tomas (1611), Colegio de San
Juan de Letran (1620), and Ateneo de Manila University (1859). Only Colegio de San Juan de Letran (1620) remains at Intramuros;
the University of Santo Tomas transferred to a new campus at Sampaloc in 1927, and Ateneo left Intramuros for Loyola
Heights, Quezon City (while still retaining "de Manila" in its name) in 1952. Other prominent educational institutions include
the Manila High School and the University of the City of Manila.

Caloocan

 
 

Las Piñas

Makati

Malabon

Mandaluyong

 
 

Manila

Marikina

Muntinlupa

Navotas

 
 

Parañaque

Pasay

Pasig

Pateros

 
 

Quezon City

San Juan

Taguig

Valenzuela

Culture and contemporary life[edit]

See also: List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Metro Manila and Annual events in Metro Manila
Metro Manila is widely celebrated in popular lore, frequently the setting for mostly Filipino books, movies, and television
programs. Flores de Mayo is widely celebrated throughout all the places in Metro Manila. The yearly Metro Manila Film Festival,
inaugurated in 1966, is the forerunner of all Philippine film festivals.

Arts[edit]
Main article: List of museums in Metro Manila
"Spoliarium", displayed at the National Museum of the Philippines

Metro Manila is the home to the National Museum of the Philippines, the national museum of the country. It operates a chain of
museums located in the grounds of Rizal Park just outside Intramuros, such as the National Museum of Fine Arts, the National
Museum of Anthropology and the National Museum of Natural History. The National Museum complex occupies the place and
buildings that were a part of a new capital center proposed by Daniel Burnham in 1901.
Prominent museums in Metro Manila include the Ayala Museum, Bahay Tsinoy, Casa Manila, Lopez Museum, Metropolitan
Museum of Manila, The Mind Museum, Museo Pambata, Museo Valenzuela, Museum of Philippine Political History, Pasig City
Museum and the Rizal Shrine. Museums established by educational institutions are the Ateneo Art Gallery, Jorge B. Vargas
Museum and Filipiniana Research Center, Museum of Contemporary Art and Design,  UP Museum of a History of Ideas, and
[96]

the UST Museum of Arts and Sciences.

The national theater of the Philippines, known as the "Tanghalang Pambansa", is situated on a 62 hectares (150 acres) cultural
center called the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex. The complex is located between the cities of Manila and Pasay. Aside
from the CCP, other popular performing arts venue include Cuneta Astrodome, Mall of Asia Arena, Rizal Park, Quezon Memorial
Circle and Smart Araneta Coliseum. Other venues used are the UPFI Film Center and UP Theater in the University of the
Philippines Diliman. The famed Manila Metropolitan Theater, also known as The Met, was constructed in 1931 and was known as
the "Grand Dame" among all the Art Deco theaters of Manila. Years of neglect forces its closure in 1996. The Met will be restored
through a tripartite agreement with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, the National Museum of the Philippines and
the Escuela Taller.

Religion[edit]
Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion in Metro Manila.  Other Christian denominations, Muslims, Anitists, animists, and
[97]

atheists are the minority. Among the most important religious sites in the region are Manila Cathedral, San Sebastian Church
(Manila), Tondo Church, San Agustin Church (Manila), Quiapo Church and Baclaran Church.

Sports[edit]

A 2019 Southeast Asian Games basketball game held at the Mall of Asia Arena.

The National Capital Region is the home to the headquarters of the ASEAN Basketball League, Baseball Philippines, Philippine
Basketball Association, Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League, Philippine Super Liga, Shakey's V-League and the Philippines
Football League. Collegiate leagues based in the National Capital Region are the Colleges and Universities Sports
Association, National Athletic Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities, National Collegiate Athletic Association, National
Capital Region Athletic Association, State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association, Universities and Colleges Athletic
Association, University Athletic Association of the Philippines, Women's National Collegiate Athletic Association, Men's National
Collegiate Athletic Association and University of Makati's Association of Local Colleges and Universities.
Two national sports complex is located in the region, the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex and the PhilSports Complex. The Wack
Wack Golf and Country Club has hosted major tournaments such as the Philippine Open and the World Cup. Prominent sporting
venues in Metro Manila include the Smart Araneta Coliseum, Mall of Asia Arena, Filoil Flying V Arena and the Cuneta Astrodome.
The Greater Manila Area is also home to the Philippine Arena, the world's largest indoor arena.  It is located in Bocaue,
[98]

Bulacan and it has a maximum capacity of 55,000 people. [99]

Metro Manila's, and in general the country's main sport is basketball. Another popular sport in the city are cue sports, and billiard
halls are found in many places. Baseball, volleyball, football and swimming are also widely played sports. The region has been the
champion of the Palarong Pambansa for 13 straight years.  Manila Storm are a rugby league team training out of Rizal
[100]

Park (Luneta Park) and playing home matches at the Southern Plains Field, Calamba, Laguna. The Metro Manila area is also home
to a number of rugby union teams such as the Alabang Eagles, Makati Mavericks, Manila Nomads Sports Club and the Manila
Hapons.

Human resources[edit]
Education[edit]
See also: List of universities and colleges in Metro Manila

University of the Philippines Diliman is the flagship campus of the University of the Philippines since 1949.

The University of Santo Tomas, established in 1611, has the oldest extant university charter in Asia.

Since the Spanish colonial period, Manila has been the center of education. The University of Santo Tomas (1611), Colegio de San
Juan de Letran (1620) and Ateneo de Manila University (1859) are some of the oldest educational institutions that was established
during the colonial period. The University of the Philippines, along with seven other State Universities and Colleges (SUC), namely
the Eulogio "Amang" Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology, Marikina Polytechnic College, Philippine Normal
University, Philippine State College of Aeronautics, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Rizal Technological University and
the Technological University of the Philippines, are based in Metro Manila. Manila's University Belt form the largest concentration of
higher education institutes in the Philippines, making Manila the center for higher learning in the country. The country's top ranked
universities, located in Metro Manila, are widely known to be as follows, University of the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila
University, De La Salle University, and University of Santo Tomas. [101][102]

Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU)

De La Salle University (DLSU)

Prominent secondary schools in Metro Manila include the Philippine Science High School in Diliman, Quezon City, the
national science school of the Philippines and the Manila Science High School in Ermita, the forerunner of all the science schools in
the country. Primary and secondary education is in the region is governed by the Department of Education-National Capital Region
(DepEd-NCR). Meanwhile, the higher educational institutions are under the CHED-National Capital Region.
The region has the highest literacy rate among all the regions of the Philippines, with 99.2% in 2008. Literacy rate for males is at
99.0% while literacy rate for females is at 99.4%.  For the school year of 2008–2009, Metro Manila has 511 public elementary
[103]

schools and 220 public secondary schools. There are 309 tertiary (public and private) institutions as of the year-end of 2009. For the
said school year, enrollment in public elementary schools is at 1,219,333, public secondary schools at 661,019 and 687,096 for
tertiary (public and private) institutions. [66]

Public health[edit]
See also: List of hospitals in Metro Manila
Healthcare in Metro Manila is mostly provided by private corporations. 72% of region's hospitals are privately owned. As of 2009,
the region has 179 hospitals. Quezon City has the most number of hospitals while Valenzuela and Pateros do not have any.  In [104]

2008, government health workers in NCR comprises 590 doctors, 498 dentists, 4,576 nurses, and 17,437 midwives. Furthermore,
Metro Manila has 27,779 beds with a ratio of 2.47 per 1,000 population as of 2008.  The region has the lowest malnutrition rate
[105]

among all the regions in the country. [106]

The headquarters of the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, and the World Health Organization
Country Office for the Philippines are in region. The main office of the Department of Health, the national health department, is also
in the region.
Metro Manila is designated by the Department of Health as the pioneer of medical tourism, expecting it to generate $1 billion in
revenue annually.  However, lack of progressive health system, inadequate infrastructure and the unstable political environment
[107]

are seen as hindrances for its growth.  Under the Philippine Medical Tourism Program, there are 16 participating hospitals (private
[108]

and public) in Metro Manila with a total number of 6,748 beds as of 2013.  Five out of six hospitals in the country accredited by
[109]

the Joint Commission International are in the region, these are the Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Makati Medical Center, St.
Luke's Medical Center – Global City, St. Luke's Medical Center – Quezon City and The Medical City. [110]

East Avenue in Quezon City is the location of prominent national health centers: the Lung Center of the Philippines, National Kidney
and Transplant Institute, and the Philippine Heart Center. Other national special hospital in Metro Manila include the Philippine
Orthopedic Center in Quezon City, and the National Center for Mental Health in Mandaluyong. The Philippine General Hospital, the
country's premier state-owned tertiary hospital is located at the City of Manila. The St. Luke's Medical Center which operates
in Quezon City and Taguig, is a private tertiary referral hospital cited as one of the best hospitals in the world.
[111][112]

Public safety[edit]

Camp Crame is the headquarters of the Philippine National Police

Camp Aguinaldo is the headquarters of the Armed Forces of the Philippines

The Philippine National Police is responsible for law enforcement in the country. Its headquarters is located at Camp
Crame along Bonny Serrano Avenue, Quezon City. The National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO) is the regional branch of
PNP that operates in the region. Its headquarters is located at Camp Bagong Diwa in Bicutan, Taguig. Under the supervision of
NCRPO, Metro Manila is divided into five police districts. The five police districts are the Northern Police District, Eastern Police
District, Southern Police District and Quezon City Police District. [113]

Metro Manila has the highest rate of crime in the country in 2014, with 59,448 crimes reported (excluding crimes reported in
barangay level) with 25,353 of these crimes committed against persons.  Following criticisms of high crime rate in Metro Manila,
[114]

the Philippine National Police launched a relentless anti-crime drive that resulted in the decrease of crimes in the metropolis.  As [115][116]

of March 2015 Metro Manila's crime rate is down by 50%. From an average of 919 crimes reported weekly, it has gone down to 412.
Recorded robberies and theft also decreased by 63 in just a month.  All the 159 police community precincts of Metro Manila will be
[117]

using the electronic blotter system in recording crimes starting June 2015. [118]

The Bureau of Fire Protection National Capital Region provides fire protection and technical rescue as well as emergency medical
services to the metropolis. It is broadly organized into five firefighting districts: Manila, Quezon City, District II, District III and District
IV.
The headquarters of the Armed Forces of the Philippines is located at Camp Aguinaldo, along with the Department of National
Defense, in Murphy, Quezon City. Aside from Camp Aguinaldo, other military bases situated in the region are Camp
Atienza and Fort Bonifacio. The Philippine Army has their headquarters at Fort Bonifacio, Taguig. The Villamor Air Base in Ninoy
Aquino International Airport is the home to the headquarters of the Philippine Air Force while the headquarters of the Philippine
Navy is located at Roxas Boulevard, Malate, Manila.
The Philippine Coast Guard is headquartered at Port Area (Manila South Harbor), City of Manila. Its Coast Guard NCR District also
has its headquarters in the city and has another Coast Guard Station in Pasig. It also has a base in Taguig and maintains several
detachments located in Navotas, Parañaque, Tangos, Vitas, Manila North Harbor, Manila South Harbor and the Cultural Center of
the Philippines. [119]

In 2012, the AFP Joint Task Force-National Capital Region was launched to ensure peace and stability in Metro Manila, bearing the
same function of the deactivated National Capital Regional Command, although it operates on a much smaller size than its
predecessor. [120]

Infrastructure[edit]
Transportation[edit]
Main article: Transportation in Metro Manila
See also: Metro Manila Dream Plan
According to the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board, public ridership in Metro Manila composes of the following:
46% of the people go around by jeepneys, 32% by private vehicle, 14% by bus, and 8% use the railway system.  Transportation[121]

development in Metro Manila follows the Metro Manila Dream Plan, which consists of building short-term to long-term infrastructure
lasting up to 2030 and addressing its issues on traffic, land use and environment. [122][123]

Roads and highways [edit]

Main article: List of roads in Metro Manila
A flyover at EDSA on its intersection with Quezon Avenue.

The roads of Metro Manila is built around the City of Manila. Roads are classified as local, national or subdivision roads. There are
ten radial roads branching out from the city. Also there are five circumferential roads forming a series of concentric semi-circular
arcs around Manila. The circumferential and radial roads are systems of interconnected roads, bridges and highways. A problem
with the circumferential roads are the missing road links. These are the roads that are not yet constructed to give way for
development due to Metro Manila's rapid urbanization. The metropolis is resolving this problem through the completion of missing
road links or through the construction of connector roads.
An important circumferential road is the Circumferential Road 4, the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue or more popularly known as
EDSA. It traverses the cities of Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City and Caloocan. Line 3 follows the alignment of EDSA,
from Taft Avenue in Pasay up to TriNoma, terminating before it reaches Caloocan. Circumferential Road 5 serves the people near
the regional limits of Metro Manila and also serves as an alternate route for Circumferential Road 4.
Prominent radial road include the Radial Road 1, composed of Roxas Boulevard and the Manila-Cavite Expressway (Coastal Road)
that connects Metro Manila to Cavite, Radial Road 3 or the South Luzon Expressway that connects Metro Manila to Laguna, Radial
Road 6, composed of Aurora Boulevard and Marcos Highway that runs up to Rizal and Radial Road 8 or the North Luzon
Expressway that serves as the gateway to the north.
The radial and circumferential road system are being supplanted by a new numbered highway system implemented by
the Department of Public Works and Highways, and new signage are being placed with its implementation. Expressways are being
assigned numbers with the E prefix. National roads are assigned 1 to 3 digit numbers, except for those classified as tertiary national
roads.
The development of roads, highways and expressways are based on the Metro Manila Dream Plan. Ongoing projects in the dream
plan include the rehabilitation of EDSA, Skyway Stage 3 and the construction of the missing road links for the circumferential roads
(e.g. Taft Avenue Flyover, Metro Manila Interchange Project Phase IV).

The Santolan station of the Line 2.

Railway systems [edit]

Further information: Manila Light Rail Transit System, Manila Metro Rail Transit System, and Philippine National Railways
Metro Manila has three rapid transit lines. The Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRTA) operates the Line 1 (Green Line) and
the Line 2 (Blue Line). On the other hand, the Manila Metro Rail Transit System operates the Line 3 (Yellow Line) which traverses
EDSA. The Philippine National Railways operates a commuter rail service in Metro Manila called the PNR Metro South Commuter.
Its main terminal, Tutuban, is located in Tondo. The most troublesome metro line is Line 3 which has been plagued with frequent
and severe disruptions. Line 1 has an average weekday ridership of 560,000,  while Line 2 has an average weekday ridership of
[124]

200,000. While in Line 3 serves roughly 650,000 on an average weekday. In February 2014, a total of 14.06 million passengers took
Line 1 while 6.13 million took Line 2. [125]
The Manila Metro rail network masterplan

To improve rail transport within the region, several railway projects are being undertaken by the national government:

 The North–South Commuter Railway's first phase is under construction, while the other

two phases are already approved. When completed in 2023, it will connect Central
Luzon and Calabarzon to Metro Manila by rail. It will also supersede the current PNR
Metro Commuter Line.
 Line 9 (Metro Manila Subway) began construction in 2019. When completed, it will be the
third heavy rail line in the country after Line 2 and Line 7. Partial operations are to begin
by 2022, and full operations is slated for 2025.
 Line 7 (Red Line) is under construction. When completed, it will connect Metro Manila to
the province of Bulacan.
 A Common Station, connecting Line 1, Line 3, Line 7, and Line 9 is planned, although
bureaucracy in the Department of Transportation, corporate feud and issues related to its
proposed location are hindrances of its construction. [126][127][128][129]

 Line 1 will be extended up to Bacoor in the province of Cavite.  Construction started in

[124]

2019.
 Line 2 will be extended to Rizal with the East Extension project and to the Port of
Manila with the West Extension Project. The East Extension Project is on-going while the
proposed West Extension Project is in the planning stage. [130][131]

 Line 3 will be undergoing rehabilitation.

Air [edit]
Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3

Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) is the only airport and the premier gateway in Metro Manila. It is the busiest airport in the
Philippines.  NAIA has four terminals: Terminal 1, Terminal 2 (which is exclusively used by the Philippine Airlines), Terminal 3 (the
[132]

newest and largest airport terminal in NAIA) and Terminal 4 (also known as the Manila Domestic Passenger Terminal). The other
airport that serves Metro Manila is the Clark International Airport in Angeles which is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) away.

Buses [edit]
See also: List of express bus routes in Metro Manila and List of BGC Bus routes
Bus franchises in the region are regulated by the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board. The Premium Point-to-
Point Bus Service is the express bus system that runs from its dispatch terminal in Fairview up to the central business districts
along EDSA. It aims to cut travel time substantially and provide a faster, safer and more convenient bus service to commuters, who
are usually caught at the heavy traffic across the metropolis.  A second express bus link from SM North EDSA, Trinoma and SM
[133][134]

Megamall to Makati opened in December 2015, and by January 2016 was the line on which, for the first time in nearly three
decades, a double-decker bus traveled on EDSA, to the delight of motorists, followed by a third link, this time from Robinsons
Galleria to the Ayala Center complex in February 2016 and a fourth in March linking the Ayala Center to the Alabang Town Center in
Muntinlupa via the Metro Manila Skyway (and later to Ayala Malls South Park). As of the present express buses also link the Market
Market mall and Circuit Makati to both the Nuvali residential township and the Pacita Village complex in San Pedro, both in Laguna,
in services launched in 2014 and 2017, respectively (plus additional services to the UP Town Mall in Quezon City and SM Masinag
in Antipolo, Rizal), while intercity express buses have been in operation since 2015 to alleviate traffic on EDSA. In 2018, additional
services from the Makati CBD and from San Lorenzo Place up to Cavite debuted.
Metro Manila will have its bus rapid transit system operational by 2018. The 27.7 kilometers (17.2 mi) proposed BRT system will
traverse Commonwealth Avenue up to the Manila City Hall. The planned BRT system costs ₱4.9 billion ($109.5 million) and will
have a fleet of 300 buses and 32 stations. [135][136]

Ferry [edit]
Main article: Pasig River Ferry Service
The Pasig River Ferry Service run by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority is the principal ferry shuttle system of Metro
Manila. It traverses the Pasig River from Barangay Pinagbuhatan in Pasig to Plaza Mexico in Intramuros. Although it was referred to
as a ferry, it is more akin to a water bus. It has 17 stations, but only 14 are operational. Another ferry route called the Manila-Bataan
Ferry was launched on May 10, 2017 and traverses Manila Bay from the Bay Terminal at CCP Complex in Manila to Orion, Bataan.
A new ferry route known as the Cavite-Manila Ferry Service that runs between Noveleta, Cavite and Intramuros was launched in
January 2018.

Electricity and water[edit]

Further information: Water privatization in Metro Manila
Water zones for Metro Manila and the surrounding areas. Maynilad Water Services operates in the red areas while Manila Water operates in the blue areas.

Meralco is the sole electric distributor of Metro Manila. It generates its power from the National Power Corporation and other
independent power producers in Luzon. The Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) was responsible for the
supply and delivery of potable water and the sewerage system in Metro Manila. It was privatized in 1997 and the region and its
immediate surrounding areas was split into the east and west concession. The winning corporations provides the same function of
MWSS.
The Maynilad Water Services took over the west zone, which is composed of Manila (excluding the southeastern part of the
city), Caloocan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay and Valenzuela. It also operates in some parts
of Makati and Quezon City. Manila Water operates on the east zone, comprising the cities
of Mandaluyong, Marikina, Pasig, Pateros, San Juan and Taguig. It also operates in large areas of Makati and Quezon City and the
southeastern part of Manila, which was excluded from the west zone.
For garbage hauling, the region spent ₱4.221 billion ($93.855 million) in 2013. Quezon City spent the most at ₱994.59 million
($22.115 million) while Pateros, the region's only municipality, spent the least amount of money on garbage at ₱9.478 million
($210,747). [137]

See also[edit]

 Outline of Metro Manila

 List of metropolitan areas in Asia
 Mega Manila
 Greater Manila Area
 Imperial Manila

 Geography portal

 Asia portal
 Philippines portal

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137. ^ "Metro Manila spent P4.2B to get rid of 2013 garbage". Rappler. October 6, 2014. Archived from
the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
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