CHAPTER 5: CLINICAL EVALUATION AND PROMOTION OF LOCAL

AND ORAL HISTORY

HISTORY OF MANILA
The Manila’s History begun around 65,000 BC the time
when the First Callao Man settled in the Philippines, it is the
predating of the arrival of the Negritos and the Malayo-
Polynesians ethnicity. Around 3,000 BC are earliest Angono
Petroglyphic and the earliest recorded history of the Manila.
Manila is the capital of the Philippines dates back to the year 900
Ad as recorded by the Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI). By the
Thirteenth Century the city was considered as a fortified
settlement and trading quarter near the mouth of the Pasig River.
Pasig river bisects the city into north and south.
The official name of the city is under the Malay aristocracy
was Seludong/Selurung the same name given for the general
region in southwestern Luzon at that time it was suggesting that it
was the capital of ancient Tondo. The city became known by the
name given to it by its Tagalog inhabitants Maynil it is based on
the nilad plant. It is a flowering mangrove plant that grew on the
marshy shores of the Manila Bay used to produce soap for
regional trade.
Manila became the seat of the colonial government of Spain
when it gained sovereignty over the Philippines in 1565. The
Spanish Government was situated within the fortified walls of old
manila. So basically the Old Manila is referred now as Intramuros
meaning it was within the walls. The walls were constructed to
keep out the Chinese pirates and protect the city from the native
uprisings. There are several communities grew up outside the
walls. The city became the center of trade between the Manila
and Acapulco which lasted for three centuries and brought the
goods from America to South East Asia and vice versa.
In 1762 the city was captured by the Great Britain for 2
years it was part of the seven year’s war. Manila remain as the
capital of the Philippines under the government provisional of the
British Governor. Armed resistance of the British was centered in
Pampanga. In 1898 Spain ceded control of the Philippines after
over three hundred year of colonial rule of the United States after
the Treaty of Paris in 1898, which ended to Spanish-American
war. During the American Period some architectural designs and
master plans are designed by Daniel Burnham. Some of it was
done on the portions in the south city of the Pasig River. During
the world war II the city was severely destroyed but it was rebuilt
again after the war. It was the second severely destroyed by the
second world war after the Warsaw. The Metropolitan Manila was
enacted as an independent entity in 1975.
PREHISTORY
AUSTRONESIAN MIGRATIONS
Austronesian are all the lowland peoples of Maritime South
East Asia . The Tagalog people who eventually established the
fortified polity of manila were Austronesian. They had rich,
complex culture, with its own expressions of language and
writing, religion, art and music. The Austronesian culture was
already placed before the influences of china, Indonesia and
Brunei and the western colonial powers. The elements of the
belief systems were syncretistically adapted by the Tagalog to
enrich their already existing worldviews, elements of which still
persist today in the syncretistic forms known as Folk Catholicism
and Folk Islam. These Austronesian Cultures are defined by their
languages, number of key technologies including the cultural
prominence of boats, the construction of the thatch houses on pil
tubers and rice and a characteristic social organization typically
led by a big man or man power.
THE TAGALOG PEOPLE AND LANGUAGE
The Tagalog and Kapampangan people came to occupy
lands surrounding Manila Bay. Dr. David Zore and Dr. Robert Blust
speculate that the Tagalog and other Central Philippine ethno
linguistic groups are originated in Northeastern Mindanao and
Eastern Visayas. Tagalog Language is believed to branch out from
the hypothesized of “proto-language”. Some historians such as
Jaime Tiongson asserted some of the words used in the
copperplate was from the Philippine oldest extant written in
document is from old Tagalog although the text itself is from the
Javanese Kawi Script.
EARLY HISTORY
As the Philippine oldest extant was written in a document
the Laguna Copperplate provide a reference to the socially
complex of the Tagalog Polity. Tagalog polity is referred to a
academic circle also known as the Tondo settlement and the early
Tagalog dictionary the Polity means city or a state or it is called by
the first hand Spanish a small village. The Tagalog settlement in
Tondo was a major trade hub located on the northern part of the
Pasig River Delta. So in the southern part of the Pasig River Delta
was established a shared monopoly on the trade of Chinese
goods throughout the rest of Philippine Archipelago. The
settlement of the Namayan also called sapa is flourished further in
the Pasig River around tenth and eleventh century . Also legend
says that on the shores of Bitukang Manok eventually became the
Pasig settlement and was established in thirteenth century.
ESTABLISHMENT THROUGH DEFEAT OF RAHAJ AVIRJIRKAYA BY
RAJAH AHMAD OF BRUNEI (C.1258)
According to Mariano A. Henson a genealogical research the
settlement in Manila was already existed in the year of 1258. The
settlement was led by Rahaj Avirjirkaya whom Henson described
as Majapahit Suzerain. According from Henson the settlement
was attacked by the Bruneian commander Rahaj Ahmad he
defeated Rahaj Avirjirkaya and established Manila as a Muslim
Principality.
EARLY REFERENCES TO SELURONG (1360s)
In Malay Aristocracy the city was known as seludong and
selurong (selurong/seludong is the Bruneian term means
settlement) which it is the same name given by the general of the
region of southwestern Luzon that time, suggesting it was the
ancient Tondo. In 14th century there are evidences that the Manila
was part of the provinces of Indonesian Hindu Empire of
Majapahit because of the epiceulogy poem entitled
Nagarakretagama so it was dedicated to Maharaja Hayam Wuruk
Seludong/Selurong. So the evidence was enlisted with the Canto
14 alongside with the Sulot (sulu) and Kalka. So basically the city
was known as Gintu (The land or island of Gold) or Suvarnadvipa
in Malay and called it by its neighbor. The kingdom said flourish
during the latter half of Ming Dynasty it results the trade relations
between the China. Ancient Tondo is always been the traditional
capital of the Empire. Its rulers are equivalent to kings and not a
mere chieftains they are addressed as panginuan or panginoon
(Lords) anak banhwa or lakandula. In the 13th century the city is
consisted as a fortified trading quarter at the Bay of Pasig on top
of other older towns.
THE CONQUEST OF SULTAN BULKIAH FROM BRUNEI (1500)
The reign of Sultan Bolkiah is the time when the Ancient
Tondo was attacked. It was attacked by the Bruneian because the
Ancient Tondo was prosperous. A new dynasty under the
Bruneian is established it is the Islamized Rajah Salila. Islam is
further strengthened by the arrival of Bruneian to the Philippines.
The traders and proselytizers from Malaysia and Indonesia also
contribute.
WARRING CITIES PERIOD
In the mid 16th century present day and places in Manila was
ruled by Muslim Rajahs. Rahaj Sulayman and Matanda ruled the
Muslim communities of south Pasig River, Lakan Dula ruled the
kingdom of Tondo it is a Hindu Buddhist community of the north
Pasig river. The two Muslim community is unified into the
kingdom of Manila. Both of these became officially Malay
speaking and held a diplomatic ties with the Bolkiah Dynasty of
Brunei and the Sultanates of sulu and ternate.
SPANISH PERIOD
SPANISH RULE 1571-1762
Governor General Miguel Lopez De Legazpi was searching
for suitable place to establish his capital after being compelled to
move from Cebu to Panay by the Portuguese Pirates, hearing the
existence of prosperous kingdoms in Luzon De Legazpi sent an
expedition under Marshal Martin De Goiti and Captain Juan de
Salcedo to discover its location and potential. De Goiti anchored
and attempt to deliver a friendly message to Maynilad but Rahaj
Sulayman insisted to not submit the sovereignty. De Goiti send his
army to attack Maynilad in June 1570. After that fight De Goiti
successful to capture the city before going back to Panay. In 1571
the unity of the Luzon Empire was already threatened by the
uneasy alliance of the rulers of each kingdom. Powerful states like
Lubao, Betis and Macabebe became bold and challenge the
traditional leadership of Tondo and Maynilad. In the same year
Spaniards returned this time it was ked by Lopez De Legazpi
together with his entire force consisting of 280 Spaniards and 60p
native allies. Seeing them the natives set the city on fire and fled
to ancient Tondo and neighboring towns. May 19 1571 Lopez de
Legazpi gave the title city to the colony of Manila. The title was
certified on June 1572.
Manila became the colonial enter pot. The Philippines was a
Spanish Colony administered under the viceroyalty of the new
Spain. Manila Acapulco Galleon Trade route between the
Philippines and Mexico flourished from 1571 until 1815. Manila
became famous during the Manila Acapulco trade which brought
the goods to Mexico to the south east Asia. But because of the
Spanish presence the Chinese people who are living in the area
were subjected to commercial restriction as well as laws requiring
them to pay tribute to Spanish authorities. The Chinese revolted
to the Spaniards but they were defeated. In order to safe guard
the city from uprising problems the Spanish authorities confined
the Chinese residents and merchants to separate district called
Parian De alcaceria.
June 19, 1591 Lopez De Legazpi made overtures of the
friendship with the Lakan Dula of Tondo which was prudently
accepted. The Muslim , Rahaj Sulayman, refused to submit to the
Spaniards and gathered together a force composed of Tagalog
warrior s after failing to get the support from Lakan Dula. On June
3 1571 Sulayman led his troops to attack the Spaniards in
Bangkusay but they were defeated. The destruction of Sulayman
army and the friendship with the Lakan the Spaniards established
themselves throughout the city and its neighboring towns. The
rapid Christianization of the native came to the city. The first
missionaries were arrive is the Augustinians, followed by the
Franciscans, Jesuits, Dominicans, and other religious orders. The
friars also begun to establish schools and churches dedicated to
the Christian faith eventually it was spreading throughout manila
and beyond.
In 1595, Manila was decreed to be the capital of the
Philippines although it is already in fact served the function its
founding year 1571. Legazpi ordered to establish a municipal
government or cabildo with a set of Spanish style houses
monasteries, nunneries ,churches, and schools giving birth to
Intramuros. The layout of the city was planned during that era.
Intramuros was the oldest walls built in the city it was constructed
and designed by the Spanish Jesuit missionaries to provide
protection from invading Chinese pirates and native uprising,
Later reconciliations nearly always permitted the continuation of
the Chinese community in the city.
BRITISH OCCUPATION 1762-64
British forces conquered Manila in October 1762 the city
was occupied from 1762 to 1764 as the result of seven years war.
Spain became the Britain’s enemy when they sided I France due
to its ties to the riyal families. Many historical documents of great
value were destroyed or stolen from its archives. British accepted
the written surrender of the Spanish government in the
Philippines from Archbishop Rojo and the real audencia on
October 30 1762. The terms of surrender was proposed by
Archbishop Rojo and agreed to by the British leaders, secured the
private property, guaranteed the Roman Catholic Religion and its
episcopal government and granted the citizens of the former
Spanish colony the rights of peaceful travel and trade as a British
subject. The direction of the provisional British governor the
Philippines was to be governed by the real audencia the expenses
of which agreed to be paid by Spain. The terms of surrender
dated in October 29n1762 signed by Archbishop and sealed with
the Spanish royal seal. This was rejected by Simon de Anda y
Salazar who claimed to have been appointed governor general
under the Statues of the Indies. Outside the Manila the only
armed forces of Britain was based on Pampanga and later on
Salazar established his headquarters in Bulacan then in Bacoor.
The time signing in the treaty the signatories were not aware that
the Manila was under the Britain. There are no specific provision
that all other lands not otherwise provided for to be returned to
the Spanish Crown. Unknown number of Indian soldiers known as
sepoys who came with British deserted and settled in Cainta,
Rizal, which explains the uniquely Indian features of Cainta
residents.
January 1798 during the French Revolutionary wars a British
naval squadron entered Manila for reconnaissance seizing three
gunboats in the bloodless raid in Manila.
SPANISH RULE 1764-1898
The Spanish rule again the Philippines. The Mexican
Independence in 1822 necessited as a direct rule from Spain.
Under the direct Spanish rule the banking, industry and education
was flourish that two centuries ago. The opening of Suez Canal in
1869 had helped to facilitate the trade and communications with
Spain. The constructions of bridges roads and railways and
expansion of the ports by Spain it was rapid development in the
Philippines. Manila was rich field in anticlerical propaganda. Seeds
of revolution germinated in 1886 with the publication of Rizal’s
book Noli me Tangere a novel critical the way Spanish friars were
governing the Philippines. The book was condemned and Rizal
was exiled in Dapitan. In 1892 he return to Manila and founded
the La Liga Filipina. In tondo Andres Bonifacio created a secret
organization and aim to overthrown the Spanish colonial rule. The
movement grew and the open rebellion broke out in august 1896
after the Spaniards discover the organization. Bonifacio’s attack in
manila was unsuccessful. Rizal became martyr and shoot him on
December 30 1896 in Bagumbayan. Several months of fighting a
revolutionary government formed in Tejeros convention in Cavite
Province with Emilio Aguinaldo. Aguinaldo’s government is also u
successful in its fight for its independence and the part of Pact of
Biak na bato peace treaty. Aguinaldo accepted exile in Hongkong.
AMERICAN PERIOD 1898-1942
American troops invaded Manila in 1898. The defeat of
Spain the U.S forces take control of the city and the islands in o e
of the most brutal and unforgotten chapters of Philippine
American History. The American Navy Admiral George Dewey
defeated the Spanish squadron in the Battle of Manila Bay on May
1, 1898. Admiral testified that after the battle of Spain the
governor wished to surrender the Philippines but the Filipinos
didn’t want it . In the treaty of Paris in 1898 the Spain handed the
Philippines into the united states of America for US$20,000,000
ending the 333 years of Spanish rule in the islands.
Filipinos fiercely opposed to once occupied again. Emilio
Aguinaldo proclaimed the First Philippine Republic at the Malolos
Congress and had begun to build foundations for an independent
nation. On February 4, 1899 war broke out between the Filipinos
and American. The American pursued retreating the Filipino
forces province by province until General Emilio Aguinaldo
surrendered in Palanan Isabela on March 23,1901. Manila
continued in an American rule until civil government was
established in July 31,1901.
Daniel Burnham in American Period adapted some
architectural designs in the portions of the south part of the Pasig
River. In 1935 United States grant the Philippine Independence
after a 10 year transition the period was extend with 1 year
because of the world war II. The general headquarters of the
Philippine commonwealth army stationed in the Capital City in
Ermita Manila under Commonwealth Government and it was
active in December 21, 1935 to January 3 1942 and it was
followed by the Japanese occupation in March 4 q945 to June 30
1946 after the liberating battle of Manila.
WORLD WAR II AND JAPANESE OCCUPATION
Filipino and American troops ordered to withdraw on the
city in December 24 1941. The same day Manila was declared to
be N open city to spare from death and destruction. The Japanese
warplanes bombed manila and for the first time Manileños
experienced the first air raid. Quezon issued a decree enlarging
the safe zone to include outlying areas. The main general
headquarters of Philippine commonwealth army was withdrawn
and retreated in Ermita manila. December 24 q941 are closed
down upon the arrivals of the Japanese imperial forces they took
the main general headquarters of Philippines army on January 3
1942. Upon following the Japanese occupation in the Philippines
the bases of the Philippines commonwealth army were used in
the provinces of Philippine archipelago from Luzon, Visayas,
Mindanao from January 3 1942 to June 30 1946.
On the evening of New Years day of q942 the Japanese
courier delivered a message to the Former Executive Secretary of
Quezon which is Jorge Vargas that the Japanese forces would
enter into the greater manila in the following day 9-10 am in
January 2 the Japanese imperial marched into the city.
On May 9 1943 the fall of Corregidor occurred and Vargas
tasked to hand to the Japanese authorities the remaining Filipino
leaders. Vargas and the Filipino Leaders presented a three option.
Leon G. Guinto Held the position to be the Mayor of Greater
Manila under the administration of President Manuel Luis
Quezon.
October 20, 1944 American and Philippine troops led by
General Douglas MacArthur began the reconquer the Philippines.
Shizuo Yokoyama order to destroy all the bridges and other vital
installations and evacuate the city. The units of Imperial forces led
by Sanji Iwabuchi refused to leave the city. February 3 to march 3
1945 much of the city was destroyed during the battle of Manila
100,000-500,000 civilians were killed in the Manila Massacre.
Almost 85,000 to 140,000 strong Filipino soldiers and military
officers under the Philippine commonwealth army aided by all
3,000 guerilla fighters and 35,000 American Liberation forces. As
the result Manila was the second most destroyed by the world
war II after Warsaw in Poland. The Philippine Commonwealth
army was relocated into the capital city on March 4 q945 to June
30 1946 the greater manila was dissolved and the towns back to
its pre wars status. On July 4 1946 the Philippine flag raised for
the first time in Rizal Park.
CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
THE GOLDEN AGE AND TH3 MARCOS ERA 1952-1986
Arsenio Lacson was the first Mayor elected in 1952. All
mayors were appointed prior to the time and administration the
city of manila came into the Golden age. Manila was once
revitalized and became the Pearl of the Orient again. Mayor
Lacson, Villegas, and Bagatsing are most often collectively
referred to the Big Three of Manila. In Marcos Era the region of
the Manila Metropolitan area was enacted as an independent
entity in 1975 composing several cities towns being separate local
regional unit and the seat of government in the Philippines.
FIFTH REBUPLIC 1986- PRESENT
 After the People Power Revolution Corazon Aquino’s wife
installed as a President of the Philippines in 1986. Manila
witnessed six unsuccessful coup attempts the most serious
attempt was in December 1989. Alfredo Lim became mayor in
1992 and known for anti crime crusades. Lim ran into presidential
elections on 1998 his vice mayor was Lito Atienza elected as a city
Mayor. Atienza known for the renovation of city plaza he became
mayor for 3 terms for 9 years. During the 2013 elections former
President Joseph Estrada defeated Lim in the mayoral race. His
sons have been mayors and won by popularity.
THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINE
It is a government building that has a colorful life for more
than six decades, it is located on P. Burgos street few blocks away
from Rizal Park. This edifice was originally designed as a simple
unassuming public library by Ralph Doanne and Antonio Toledo.
The constructed begun and later on financial pressure dictated to
the building of the famous walls of Manila. The old Congress
Building now the houses of the National Museum the official
repository and guardians of the national cultural heritage and
natural history. The earliest predecessor of the national Museum
was the Museum of Ethnology natural history and commerce
under the department of instruction.
In 1916 the Philippine museum and Philippine library was
emerged although there is no official replace of the things
between this two. The year q928 recreated the national Museum
under the Department of Agriculture and natural resources. In
1933 national museum was abolished and separated the activities
in the bureau. 1939 change the name of the national museum.
1942 by the Japanese occupation abolished the national museum.
In 1945 the reestablish the division under the department of
agriculture and commerce. In the 1973 found the museum under
the Ministry of Education and culture and Finally in the year 1979
the national museum moved to a bigger and better quarters. The
art buff may go to the arts division where the collection is by no
means trivial. These includes the old coins, medals, amulets,
badges and relics interests in history. Collection of Dr. Jose Rizal’s
works and famous painting with the famous creators like
Fernando Amorsolo, Juan Luna.
INTRAMUROS
The countless bust of the monuments of the Filipino
Heroes with there historic Value. The Walls of Intramuros is
undergoing feverish restoration wear the crown of age and dignity
of the Filipinos. The walls was first built in 1574 by the Spanish
Governor General Miguel Lopez de Legazpi who is known as the
Adelantado of the Philippines. Succeeding generals continued the
work of the governor general. Jesuit Fr. Antonio Sedeño and
governor Santiago de Vera built the first stone fort with local
adobe called the Nuestra Senora de Guia in the southeastern side
where the Chinese corsair attack.
The building of the famous stone walls including the fort
Santiago was the work of governor General Gomez Perez
Dasmariñas. It was built from the taxes on Chinese food playing
cards the galleon trade and the king of Spain resources. The
walled city was had seven gates the Postigo, Santa Lucia, Puerto
real, Puerta Isabel, Puerta del Parian, Puerta Almacenes, and
Puerta Santo Domingo. These gates was destroyed by the
American liberation forces in 1945 now on present day it was
restored. The present ruins was completed by Governor Valdez y
Ramos in 1729 and the additional height completed by Governor
Juan Arrechedera in 1745 blending and Italian and Spanish
fortification. The last governor to improve the walks are governor
general Pascual Enrile the total of 145 years to build the walls.
Intramuros was the country’s capital then. The city itself was
govern by the Cabildo Secular a city council and the church by its
Cabildo eclesiastico cathedral chapter. Today the two churches
remains to its place. At the corner of Bonifacio and Burgos drive
stands the lofty memorial to the two conquistadores one of the
sword and the other of the cross Adelantado Miguel Lopez De
Legazpi and Fray Andres De Urdaneta, Together they secured the
next manila in 1571. Earthquake and fires damaged Intramuros in
1945 by the battle of manila and it was never rebuilt. Two
decades of vandals finally President Marcos issued a executive
order on march 24 1966 created the intramuros restoration
committee. The restoration and development efforts were
undertaken by no less than the first lady and metro manila
governor Imelda Romualdez Marcos assisted by the central bank
governor Jaime Laya and his Intramuros Administration.
ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY
 The Jesuits return to the Philippines in 1859 upon there
expulsion in 1768. Originally a free school supported by the
donations of wealthy families the municipality of Manila then
took charge of it. The school was thereafter known by its name of
Escuela Municipal de Manila the forerunner of Ateneo de manila.
It is a primary school administered by the Spanish Jesuit later on
Jesuit Fathers introduced the secondary level of instruction in
1862. Three years later the Jesuits introduced the eight year
program leading in Bachelor of Arts implemented. The course
counted Three years of primera ensenanza five years of segunda
ensenanza which included history, classic sciences philosophy and
special courses in music and arts. By that time the Escuela
Municipal de Manila had been changed to Ateneo de Manila. In
1870 the first 10 students completed this course were graduated.
In 1833 Jesuits purchased land to build seminary. The
Philippine Normal School was moved there. As Fr. Leo Callum
recalls in 1932 Ateneo was transferred in Padre Faura . The
college of Law and the Grade School reopened at padre faura and
the following year the graduates school opened its doors to those
who wanted to pursue their studies further. In 1951 the entire
college and high school was transferred to Loyola heights Quezon
city. Meanwhile the law school building was erected on Padre
Faura. On July 31 1959 the Ateneo was truly rejoiced the first time
in one hundred years. The blue eagle flown high in diverse circles
in NCAA tournaments. In March 1969 Fr. Pacifico Ortiz was
elected president by the board of trustees. Thus when student
militancy rocked the country in the next few years Ateneo was
prepared to maintain its stand.
MABINI SHRINE
Even before the house of intellectual patriot Apolinario
Mabini in Nagtahan in Paco it was already declared as a national
historical shrine in 1968. In 1900 intense lawyer issued series of
incendiary essays against the Americans it spreads throughout the
people and foreign correspondents. Mabini turned into a one man
propaganda center. The house in Nataghan his voice was directed
nationwide resistance. Mabini’s house reflected the brave and
unyielding spirit of this adviser of Emilio Aguinaldo and the First
Republic. The shrine also park where children’s laughter and
playful innocence penetrate the atmosphere of the shrine.
KADAYAWAN FESTIVAL
The Kadayawan Festival was a yearly celebration in the city
of Davao. Honoring there gods and goddesses for a bountiful
harvest gift from nature . It is a way of thanking the gods and
goddesses. The festival name derive from the friendly greeting
Madayaw culled from the word dayaw means good, valuable,
superior and beautiful. It is occurring in the third week of August.
HISTORY
The rituals serves as a token of gratitude into there gods
particularly with Manama the supreme being and Bulan the
moon deity the first gathering was the first full moon of the
month. It was so beautiful that the pre colonial people praised
and believed it was the reason for their bountiful harvest farming
implements, fruits, flowers, vegetable’s are displayed in mats as
they give their respects and thanks for the year. They are singing
and dancing and offerings to their divine protectors is the
highlights. It remains to be observed in the modern day in Davao.
Finally 1988 President Rodrigo Duterte renamed the
festival as Kadayawan sa Davao. The festival continues to honor
the cities’ richness and adverse artistic etc. Kadayawan festival is
a celebration that interfaces the three aspects tribal, industrial,
arts and entertainment. The festivals highlighted with the floral
floats, street dancing, competitions, and exhibits to promote
islands tourism products and services these are:
Davao River Festival
It was revive recently , the features of this festival is the fluvial
parade along da WOW AMAZING showcasing colorful floats of
various tribes.
Sayaw Mindanaw
It is a danced competition with the 11 tribes. These tribes has
own set of dances, rituals, and customs that are showcased.
Lumadnong Bantawan
It is a showcasing play depicting life, history, culture and
numerous talents by the indigenous people in Davao it has
different performance and it has different time slots to enjoy.
Tunog Mindanaw
 It is a song writing competitions open for public but it has
unique sounds and instruments used. It gives a glimpse on the
culture of Davao and its neighbors
Hiyas sa Kadayawan
The tribes pick their most talented and beautiful woman to
make love with them they also part of the parade to give smile to
the people
Indak Indak sa kadalanan
This is a colorful parade showcasing the graceful dancers
with a colorful costumes and dancing beat. We known for it as
street dance competition
Pamulak sa kadalan
It introduces the colorful parade with the majestic floral
floats that offer wide varies of designs and craftsmanship.
The city of Davao comes alive yearly in the month of
August with there harvest festivals. On its last day the street is full
of the costumed dancers. It is a time of fun and abandon.

PAHIYAS FESTIVAL
The Philippines is a festival country every region and
province finds a reason to celebrate almost everything. From
religious to customary festivals.
In Lucban Quezon Pahiyas festival are gaining popularity not
just in town but also in the neighboring cities. The colorful feast
celebrating in May 15. It is honoring San Isidro Labrador the
patron saint of the farmers in Lucban. They expressing there
gratitude for the bountiful harvest with a grand display of the
colorful rice wafers, fruits, vegetables and handicrafts adorning in
every house in the town.
Pahiyas Festival celebrating dated back in 16th century.
Legends say that there patron saint magically plowed the field
every time he went out to church. The word Pahiyas means
precious things from the root word hiyas means jewel. Since then
the people in Lucban excitedly waiting for the summer and
celebrate the festival.
The highlight of the festival is the image of patron saint san
Isidro Labrador carried by the devotee people are eagerly awaits
the image to passed. It also with a paper Mache figures and
triangulo biscuits distributed to the children during the
procession. Colorful rice wafers locally called as kiping are
arranged in 2 to 3 layers of chandeliers. Kiping is made of rice
dough and residence use different leaves to add flavors and color
to thin wafers.
The celebration culminating event is the grand sharing of
food among the residents and the guests. Also part of the festival
is the grand designing of each houses from the winning decorated
house will thrown away a huge crowd free treats. During the
procession residents in Lucban display their harvest in front of
there housed so the parish priest can bless their house . Pahiyas
Festival is the people of Lucban’s way of saying thank you for
there bountiful harvest.