BS en 61243-3-2014

BS EN 61243-3:2014
BSI Standards Publication
Live working — Voltage

detectors
Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
BS EN 61243-3:2014 BRITISH STANDARD
National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61243-3:2014. It is
identical to IEC 61243-3:2014. It supersedes BS EN 61243-3:2010, which will
be withdrawn on 13 November 2017.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee PEL/78, Tools for live working.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of
a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
© The British Standards Institution 2015.
Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015
ISBN 978 0 580 80692 6

ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the

Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2015.
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication
Date Text affected

BS EN 61243-3:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61243-3

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2014
ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99 Supersedes EN 61243-3:2010
English Version
Live working - Voltage detectors - Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage

type
(IEC 61243-3:2014)
Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension - Partie 3: Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer - Teil 3:
Type bipolaire basse tension Zweipoliger Spannungsprüfer für Niederspannungsnetze
(CEI 61243-3:2014) (IEC 61243-3:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-11-13. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 61243-3:2014 E

BS EN 61243-3:2014
EN 61243-3:2014 -2-
Foreword
The text of document 78/1054/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 61243-3, prepared by IEC/TC 78 "Live
working" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 61243-3:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2015-08-13

national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2017-11-13
the document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 61243-3:2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This standard covers the Principle Elements of the Safety Objectives for Electrical Equipment
Designed for Use within Certain Voltage Limits (LVD - 2006/95/EC).
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61243-3:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60721-2-1:1982 & NOTE Harmonized as HD 478.2.1 S1:1989 (not modified).

IEC 60721-2-1:1982/A1:1987
IEC 60743:2013 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60743:2013 (not modified).
ISO 9000:2005 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9000:2005 (not modified).

BS EN 61243-3:2014
-3- EN 61243-3:2014
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications

with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is
available here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60068-2-6 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-6 -
Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration
(sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-31 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-31 -
Part 2-31: Tests - Test Ec: Rough
handling shocks, primarily for equipment-
type specimens
IEC 60068-2-75 1997 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-75 1997
Part 2-75: Tests - Test Eh: Hammer tests
IEC 60112 - Method for the determination of the proof EN 60112 -
and the comparative tracking indices of
solid insulating materials
IEC 60304 - Standard colours for insulation for low- HD 402 S2 -
frequency cables and wires
IEC 60417 - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
IEC/TS 60479-1 2005 Effects of current on human beings and - -
livestock -
Part 1: General aspects
IEC 60529 1989 Degrees of protection provided by EN 60529 1991
- - enclosures (IP Code) + corrigendum May 1993
+ A1 1999 + A1 2000
+ A2 2013 + A2 2013
IEC 60664-1 2007 Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664-1 2007
within low-voltage systems -
Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3 - Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664-3 -
within low-voltage systems -
Part 3: Use of coating, potting or moulding
for protection against pollution
BS EN 61243-3:2014
EN 61243-3:2014 -4-

IEC 60695-10-2 2003 Fire hazard testing - EN 60695-10-2 2003
Part 10-2: Abnormal heat - Ball pressure
test
IEC 60942 - Electroacoustics - Sound calibrators EN 60942 -
1) 2)
IEC 61010-1 2001 Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-1 2001
- - equipment for measurement, control, and + corrigendum Jun. 2002
laboratory use -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61010-031 2002 Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-031 2002
+ A1 2008 equipment for measurement, control and + A1 2008
laboratory use -
Part 031: Safety requirements for hand-
held probe assemblies for electrical
measurement and test
IEC 61140 2001 Protection against electric shock - EN 61140 2002
+ A1 (mod) 2004 Common aspects for installation and + A1 2006
equipment
IEC 61180-1 - High-voltage test techniques for low- EN 61180-1 -
voltage equipment -
Part 1: Definitions, test and procedure
requirements
IEC 61180-2 - High-voltage test techniques for low- EN 61180-2 -
voltage equipment -
Part 2: Test equipment
IEC 61260 - Electroacoustics - Octave-band and EN 61260 -
fractional-octave-band filters
IEC 61318 - Live working - Conformity assessment EN 61318 -
applicable to tools, devices and
equipment
IEC 61326-1 2005 Electrical equipment for measurement, EN 61326-1 2006
control and laboratory use - EMC
requirements -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61477 - Live working - Minimum requirements for EN 61477 -
the utilization of tools, devices and
equipment
IEC 61557-7 2007 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-7 2007
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 7: Phase sequence
IEC 61672-1 - Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - EN 61672-1 -
Part 1: Specifications
1) Superseded by IEC 61010-1:2010.

2) Superseded by EN 61010-1:2010 (IEC 61010-1:2010).
BS EN 61243-3:2014
-5- EN 61243-3:2014

ISO 286-1 - Geometrical product specifications EN ISO 286-1 -
(GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances
on linear sizes -
Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and
fits
ISO 286-2 - Geometrical product specifications EN ISO 286-2 -
(GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances
on linear sizes -
Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance
classes and limit deviations for holes and
shafts
ISO 354 - Acoustics - Measurement of sound EN ISO 354 -
absorption in a reverberation room
3) 4)
ISO 3744 1994 Acoustics - Determination of sound power EN ISO 3744 2009
levels of noise sources using sound
pressure - Engineering method in an
essentially free field over a reflecting
plane
ISO 3745 - Acoustics - Determination of sound power EN ISO 3745 -
levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure - Precision
methods for anechoic rooms and hemi-
anechoic rooms
ISO 7000 - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - - -
Registered symbols
3) Superseded by ISO 3744:2010.

4) Superseded by EN ISO 3744:2010 (ISO 3744:2010).
BS EN 61243-3:2014
–2– IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 8
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 9
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................... 9
3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................... 11
4 Requirements ................................................................................................................ 14
4.1 General requirements ........................................................................................... 14
4.1.1 Safety ............................................................................................................ 14
4.1.2 Indication ....................................................................................................... 15
4.1.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ............................................................. 15
4.2 Functional requirements........................................................................................ 15
4.2.1 Clear indication ............................................................................................. 15
4.2.2 Clear perceptibility ......................................................................................... 16
4.2.3 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication................................ 17
4.2.4 Frequency dependency for a.c. voltage detector ............................................ 17
4.2.5 Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage detector .................................................. 17
4.2.6 Response time ............................................................................................... 17
4.2.7 Power source dependability ........................................................................... 17
4.2.8 Testing element ............................................................................................. 18
4.2.9 Time rating .................................................................................................... 18
4.3 Electrical requirements ......................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Insulating material ......................................................................................... 18
4.3.2 Protection against electric shocks .................................................................. 18
4.3.3 Current limiting elements ............................................................................... 19
4.3.4 Minimum clearance and creepage distances .................................................. 19
4.3.5 Protection against electrical stresses ............................................................. 21
4.3.6 Lead(s) .......................................................................................................... 21
4.3.7 Probes ........................................................................................................... 22
4.3.8 Connector(s) (if any) ...................................................................................... 22
4.3.9 Accessible switches in the detecting circuit for temporary loading (if
any) ............................................................................................................... 22
4.4 Mechanical requirements ...................................................................................... 22
4.4.1 Design ........................................................................................................... 22
4.4.2 Dimensions, construction ............................................................................... 24
4.4.3 Degree of protection provided by enclosures ................................................. 24
4.4.4 Resistance to vibration .................................................................................. 24
4.4.5 Drop resistance ............................................................................................. 24
4.4.6 Shock resistance ........................................................................................... 24
4.4.7 Possible disassembling ................................................................................. 24
4.4.8 Surface temperature ...................................................................................... 25
4.4.9 Resistance to heat ......................................................................................... 25
4.4.10 Probes ........................................................................................................... 25
4.4.11 Lead(s) .......................................................................................................... 25
4.5 Marking ................................................................................................................. 25
4.5.1 General ......................................................................................................... 25
4.5.2 Marking on the indicator ................................................................................ 25
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 –3–
4.5.3 Marking on the probe and/or the lead ............................................................ 26

4.6 Instructions for use ............................................................................................... 26
4.7 Requirements in case of reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working ........ 27
4.7.1 AC/DC voltage misuse ................................................................................... 27
4.7.2 Maximum current to earth in case of misuse .................................................. 27
4.7.3 Misuse in case of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage network ........... 28
5 Tests ............................................................................................................................. 28
5.1 General ................................................................................................................. 28
5.2 Tests for general requirements ............................................................................. 29
5.2.1 Indication ....................................................................................................... 29
5.2.2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ............................................................. 29
5.3 Tests for functional requirements .......................................................................... 30
5.3.1 Clear indication ............................................................................................. 30
5.3.2 Clear perceptibility of visual indication ........................................................... 33
5.3.3 Clear perceptibility of audible indication (when available) .............................. 35
5.3.4 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication................................ 37
5.3.5 Frequency dependency for a.c. voltage detector ............................................ 38
5.3.6 Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage detector .................................................. 39
5.3.7 Response time ............................................................................................... 39
5.3.8 Power source dependability ........................................................................... 40
5.3.9 Testing element ............................................................................................. 40
5.3.10 Time rating .................................................................................................... 40
5.4 Tests for electrical requirements ........................................................................... 41
5.4.1 Tests on the insulation ................................................................................... 41
5.4.2 Protection against electric shocks .................................................................. 42
5.4.3 Current limiting elements ............................................................................... 43
5.4.4 Minimum clearance and creepage distances .................................................. 43
5.4.5 Protection against electrical stresses ............................................................. 43
5.4.6 Lead(s) .......................................................................................................... 44
5.4.7 Probe(s) ........................................................................................................ 44
5.4.8 Connector(s).................................................................................................. 44
5.4.9 Switches for temporary loading (if any) .......................................................... 44
5.5 Tests for mechanical requirements ....................................................................... 45
5.5.1 Design ........................................................................................................... 45
5.5.2 Dimensions, construction ............................................................................... 45
5.5.3 Degree of protection provided by enclosures ................................................. 45
5.5.4 Vibration resistance ....................................................................................... 45
5.5.5 Drop resistance ............................................................................................. 46
5.5.6 Shock resistance ........................................................................................... 47
5.5.7 Possible disassembling ................................................................................. 47
5.5.8 Surface temperature ...................................................................................... 47
5.5.9 Heat resistance ............................................................................................. 48
5.5.10 Probes ........................................................................................................... 48
5.5.11 Lead(s) .......................................................................................................... 50
5.6 Marking ................................................................................................................. 51
5.6.1 Visual inspection and measurement ............................................................... 51
5.6.2 Durability of marking ...................................................................................... 51
5.7 Instructions for use ............................................................................................... 52
5.7.1 Type test ....................................................................................................... 52
BS EN 61243-3:2014
–4– IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
5.7.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase ........................................................................................... 52
5.8 Tests for reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working ................................ 52
5.8.1 AC/DC voltage misuse ................................................................................... 52
5.8.2 Maximum current to earth in case of misuse .................................................. 52
5.8.3 Misuse in case of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage network ........... 53
6 Conformity testing ......................................................................................................... 53
7 Modifications ................................................................................................................. 53
Annex A (informative) Differences with IEC 61010 series ..................................................... 54
A.1 Existing requirements and tests but with different sanctions or pass test
criteria .................................................................................................................. 54
A.2 List of requirements of IEC 61010 series not included in this standard, with
rationale ............................................................................................................... 56
A.3 Additional requirements of this standard, related to safety and functional
safety of voltage detectors, with rationale ............................................................. 57
Annex B (normative) Supplementary functions: Phase indication – Rotating field
indication – Continuity check ................................................................................................ 59
B.1 Terms and definitions............................................................................................ 59
B.2 General requirements for the supplementary functions .......................................... 59
B.2.1 Safety and performance of the voltage detector ............................................. 59
B.2.2 Indication ....................................................................................................... 59
B.2.3 Indication only in contact with bare part ......................................................... 59
B.2.4 Temperature rise ........................................................................................... 59
B.2.5 Instructions for use ........................................................................................ 59
B.3 General tests for the supplementary functions ...................................................... 60
B.3.1 Safety and performance of the voltage detector ............................................. 60
B.3.2 Indication ....................................................................................................... 60
B.3.3 Indication only in contact with bare part ......................................................... 60
B.3.4 Temperature rise test .................................................................................... 60
B.3.5 Instructions for use ........................................................................................ 60
B.4 Phase indication with or without the use of accessible electrode ........................... 61
B.4.1 General ......................................................................................................... 61
B.4.2 Additional requirements ................................................................................. 61
B.4.3 Additional tests .............................................................................................. 61
B.5 Rotating field indication......................................................................................... 62
B.6 Continuity check ................................................................................................... 63
B.7 Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests ........................... 64
Annex C (normative) Instructions for use ............................................................................. 65
C.1 General ................................................................................................................. 65
C.2 Safety advices ...................................................................................................... 66
Annex D (normative) General type test procedure ................................................................ 67
Annex E (normative) Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests ......... 69
Annex F (informative) In-service care and use ..................................................................... 71
F.1 Use and storage ................................................................................................... 71
F.2 Inspection before use............................................................................................ 71
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 –5–
F.3 Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 71

F.3.1 Regular maintenance ..................................................................................... 71
F.3.2 Periodic maintenance .................................................................................... 72
F.3.3 Periodic testing .............................................................................................. 72
Annex G (informative) Voltage detectors and the presence of interference voltages............. 73
G.1 General ................................................................................................................. 73
G.2 Voltage detectors with the capability of suppressing or reducing significantly
the level of interference voltages – relatively low internal impedance (<
100 kΩ) ................................................................................................................. 73
G.3 Voltage detectors with the capability of discriminating an operating voltage
from an interference voltage ................................................................................. 73
G.4 Voltage detectors with no capability of suppressing or reducing significantly
the level of interference voltages – relatively high internal impedance (> 100
kΩ) ....................................................................................................................... 74
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 75
Figure 1 – Illustration of the electrical insulation features applicable to components of

a voltage detector ................................................................................................................. 20
Figure 2 – Voltage detector ................................................................................................... 23
Figure 3 – Maximum rms a.c. current to earth in case of misuse ........................................... 27
Figure 4 – Maximum d.c. current to earth in case of misuse .................................................. 28
Figure 5 – Test set-up for the performance of a voltage detector claiming to be able to
distinguish an operating voltage from an interference voltage ............................................... 32
Figure 6 – Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibility of visual indication................. 34
Figure 7 – Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibility of audible indication .............. 36
Figure 8 – Test set-up for close adhesion of insulation of the insulated part of the
contact electrode .................................................................................................................. 49
Table 1 – Climatic categories of voltage detectors ................................................................ 17

Table 2 – Minimum clearance distances for basic insulation and for supplementary
insulation .............................................................................................................................. 20
Table 3 – Minimum clearance distances for reinforced insulation .......................................... 21
Table 4 – Parameters to be observed to check the climatic dependence ............................... 37
Table 5 – AC voltage values for test on the complete equipment .......................................... 42
Table 6 – Maximum permissible surface temperatures .......................................................... 48
Table B.1 – Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests ........................ 64
Table D.1 – Sequential order for performing type tests ......................................................... 67
Table D.2 – Type tests out of sequence ................................................................................ 68
Table E.1 – Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests ........................ 69
Table F.1 – Periodic testing .................................................................................................. 72
BS EN 61243-3:2014
–8– IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
INTRODUCTION
The devices covered by this standard are designed to be used in a live working environment
to determine the status (presence or absence of operating voltage) of low-voltage
installations.
The live working environment comes with its specific hazards and working conditions, which
are generally more severe than the ones encountered by workers in other fields than live
working.
This International Standard is a product standard giving essential requirements and tests to
verify that the devices perform well and will contribute to the safety of the users, provided
they are used by skilled persons, and according to safe working procedures and to local or
national regulations.
Voltage detectors are not considered as measuring or testing devices, separately covered by
IEC 61010 series. However, in case of misuse by general electrical workers, the requirements
and tests included in this document are intended to achieve an equivalent level of safety.
To take into consideration the specific needs of a live working environment, the following
differences exist with IEC 61010 series:
– some requirements and tests exist in both standards but with different sanctions or pass
test criteria (see A.1);
– some requirements of IEC 61010 are not included in this standard (see A.2, with
rationale);
– some additional requirements of this standard are not specified in IEC 61010 with the
rationale (see A.3).
This International Standard has been prepared according to the requirements of IEC 61477,
where applicable.
The product covered by this standard may have an impact on the environment during some or
all stages of its life cycle. These impacts can range from slight to significant, be of short-term
or long-term effect, and occur at the global, regional or local level.
This standard does not include requirements and test provisions for the manufacturers of the
product, or recommendations to the users of the product for environmental improvement.
However, all parties intervening in its design, manufacture, packaging, distribution, use,
maintenance, repair, reuse, recovery and disposal are invited to take account of
environmental considerations.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 –9–
LIVE WORKING –
VOLTAGE DETECTORS –
Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61243 is applicable to hand-held two-pole voltage detectors with their
accessories (crocodile clips and detachable leads) to be used in contact with parts of
electrical systems:
– for a.c. voltages not exceeding 1 000 V at nominal frequencies between 16 2 3 Hz and up
to 500 Hz,
and/or
– for d.c. voltages not exceeding 1 500 V.

NOTE The a.c. voltages defined in this standard refer either to phase-to-phase voltages or phase to neutral
voltages.
Contact electrode extensions are not covered by this standard.
Voltage detectors covered by this standard are intended to be used under dry and humid
conditions, both indoor and outdoor. They are not intended to be used under rain conditions.
Voltage detectors covered by this standard are not intended to be used for continuous
operation.
Voltage detectors covered by this standard are intended to be used up to 2 000 m above sea
level.
This standard also includes provisions for the following supplementary functions when
available (see Annex B):
– phase indication,
– rotating field indication, and
– continuity check.
Other supplementary functions are not covered by this standard.
Voltage detectors covered by this standard are not considered as measuring devices.
Relevant safety requirements for measuring devices are included in IEC 61010 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-2-6, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 10 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
IEC 60068-2-31, Environmental testing – Part 2-31: Tests – Test Ec: Rough handling shocks,
primarily for equipment-type specimens
IEC 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testing – Part 2-75: Tests – Test Eh: Hammer tests
IEC 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of
solid insulating materials
IEC 60304, Standard colours for insulation for low-frequency cables and wires
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Available from: http://www.graphical-
symbols.info/equipment
IEC TS 60479-1:2005, Effects of current on human beings and livestock – Part 1: General
aspects
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013 1
IEC 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60664-3, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 3: Use
of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution
IEC 60695-10-2:2003, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 60942, Electroacoustics – Sound calibrators
IEC 61010-031:2002, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use – Part 031: Safety requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for
electrical measurement and test
IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008 2
IEC 61010-1:2001 3, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control,
and laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61140:2001, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and
equipment
Amendment 1:2004
IEC 61180-1, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Part 1: Definitions,
test and procedure requirements
IEC 61180-2, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Part 2: Test
equipment
IEC 61260, Electroacoustics – Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
_______________
1 There exists a consolidated edition 2.2 (2013) that includes IEC 60529:1989 and its Amendments 1 and 2.
2 There exists a consolidated edition 1.1 (2008) that includes IEC 61010-031:2002 and its Amendment 1.
3 Second edition, replaced by a third edition in 2010.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 11 –
IEC 61318, Live working – Conformity assessment applicable to tools, devices and equipment
IEC 61326-1:2005, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC
requirements – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61477, Live working – Minimum requirements for the utilization of tools, devices and
equipment
IEC 61557-7:2007, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and
1 500 V d.c. – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures –
Part 7: Phase sequence
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
ISO 286-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – ISO code system for tolerances on
linear sizes – Part 1: Bases of tolerances, deviations and fits
ISO 286-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) – ISO code system for tolerances on
linear sizes – Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and
shafts
ISO 354, Acoustics – Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room
ISO 3744:1994 4, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using
sound pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 3745, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure – Precision methods for anechoic rooms and hemi-anechoic
rooms
ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment – Registered symbols. Available at:
http://www.graphical-symbols.info/equipment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61318 and the
following apply.
3.1
basic insulation
insulation applied to live parts of a voltage detector to provide basic protection against electric
shock
Note 1 to entry: Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation used exclusively for functional purposes
(see 3.10.1 of IEC 61140:2001).
[SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2007, 3.17.2 modified – The definition has been modified to fit the
specific context of a voltage detector.]
3.2
clear indication
unambiguous detection and indication of the voltage state between the contact electrodes
_______________
4 Second edition, replaced by a third edition in 2010.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 12 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
3.3
clear perceptibility
case where the indication is unmistakably discernible by the user under specific
environmental conditions when the voltage detector is in its operating position
3.4
contact electrode
conductive part of the probe which establishes the electric connection to the part to be
checked
Note 1 to entry: In certain designs, a part of the contact electrode is covered with insulating material.
3.5
extra low voltage
ELV
voltage below 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c.
3.6
hand-guard
distinctive physical barrier (fixed to or part of the probe) to prevent the fingers or hands of the
operator from inadvertently touching the contact electrode or any energized part
3.7
hazardous live
capable of rendering an electrical shock or electrical burn in normal condition or single fault
condition
3.8
indicating voltage
Ui
approximate value of the operating voltage identified by the voltage detector
Note 1 to entry: The indicating voltage of the voltage detector is the parameter associated with its clear
indication. Certain types of voltage detectors may have several indicating voltages and/or several indicating
voltage ranges. Limit values of a voltage range are named U i min. and U i max.
3.9
indicator
part of the voltage detector which indicates the presence of the operating voltage between the
contact electrodes
Note 1 to entry: The indicator may provide as well information related to supplementary functions.
3.10
inspection
conformity evaluation by observation and judgement, accompanied as appropriate by
measurement, testing, gauging or calculation
SOURCE: ISO 9000:2005, 3.8.2 modified – The definition has been modified to include
calculation.]
3.11
interference voltage
voltage at power frequency picked up inductively or capacitively by the part to be tested
3.12
internal energy source
integrated functional power supply
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3.13
lead
flexible cable connecting different components of the voltage detector together
3.14
normal condition
condition in which all means of protection are intact
[SOURCE: IEC Guide 104:2010, 3.7]
3.15
probe
insulated part of a voltage detector intended to be handled by the user to bring its contact
electrode in contact with the component to be checked
Note 1 to entry: The probe may contain the indicator.
Note 2 to entry: The probe does not include a lead. The probe and the lead may be detachable or not.
3.16
protective impedance
component, assembly of components or the combination of basic insulation and a current or
voltage-limiting device, whose impedance, construction and reliability are such that, when
connected between accessible conductive parts which are hazardous when live, it provides
protection to the extent required by this standard in normal condition and single fault condition
3.17
reasonably foreseeable misuse
use of a product, process or service in a way not intended by the supplier, but which can
result from readily predictable human behaviour
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.14, modified – The two notes to entry in the original
have been deleted.]
3.18
recovery time
rt
minimum no-load time between two uses as specified by the manufacturer
3.19
response time
time delay between a sudden change of the voltage state between the contact electrodes and
the associated clear indication
3.20
single fault condition
condition in which one means of protection against hazards is defective, or one fault is
present which could cause a hazard
Note 1 to entry: If a single fault condition results unavoidably in one or more other fault conditions, all are
considered as one single fault condition.
[SOURCE: IEC Guide 104:2010, 3.8, modified – The wording has been changed to refer
specifically to the potential hazards involved.]
3.21
temporary overvoltage
power frequency overvoltage of relatively long duration
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Note 1 to entry: This overvoltage is undamped or weakly damped. In some cases its frequency may be several
times smaller or higher than power frequency.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-604:1987/AMD1:1998, 604-03-12]
3.22
testing element
built-in element or separate device, by means of which the functioning of the voltage detector
can be checked by the user
3.23
threshold voltage
Ut
minimum voltage between the two contact electrodes required to give a clear indication
3.24
time rating
tr
specified on-load time during which the voltage detector is able to operate correctly
3.25
transient overvoltage
a short duration overvoltage of few milliseconds or less, oscillatory or non-oscillatory, usually
highly damped
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-604:1987/AMD1:1998, 604-03-13, modified – The two notes to entry in

the original have been deleted.]
3.26
two-pole voltage detector
voltage detector for bi-polar application, made of two probes, an indicator included or not in
one of the probes and lead(s)
Note 1 to entry: The term voltage detector is used in this document for two-pole low voltage detector.
3.27
voltage detector
device used to provide clear evidence of the presence or absence of the operating voltage
[SOURCE: IEC 60743:2013, 11.3.6, modified – The definition has been modified to fit the
specific context. Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]
3.28
secondary network
network which has no direct connection to primary power
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Safety
Voltage detectors covered by this standard shall be designed and manufactured in order to
contribute to the safety of the users, provided the voltage detectors are used by skilled
persons, in accordance with safe methods of work and the instructions for use.
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IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 15 –
4.1.2 Indication
The voltage detector shall give a clear indication of the state "voltage present" of the
operating voltage by means of the status change of the signal. The indication shall be visual.
An audible indication is optional. Simultaneous indications shall be provided when the voltage
detector has more than one system of indication.
The visual indication (display) can be of different types but the clear indication of the
presence of the operating voltage shall not display a discrete voltage value.
NOTE 1 Displays could consist of: change of the lighting state of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), movement of a
needle or of other current activated component, alphanumeric characters on a screen, etc.
Displays providing a discrete voltage value are considered as supplementary measuring

functions and should fulfil the relevant standards.
4.1.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Voltage detectors shall comply with the requirements of class A equipment for use in
industrial locations according to IEC 61326-1.
NOTE In some countries additional requirements may be needed to fulfil EMC regulations.
4.2 Functional requirements
4.2.1 Clear indication
4.2.1.1 Clear indication of the operating voltage and threshold voltage
The voltage detector shall clearly indicate at its nominal frequency or nominal frequencies the
presence of
– every indicating voltage and/or,

– every indicating voltage range.
For voltage detectors having successive indications or successive range of indication (step by
step), the change of state:
– of each step of the indicating voltage (U i ) shall be limited to the interval included between
1,1 U i(step −1) and 0,85 U i ;
(step )
– of each step of indicating voltage range (U i min, U i max ) shall be limited to the interval
included between 1,1 U i(step −1) max and 0,85 U i min.
(step )
For voltage detectors having single indication, the change of state of the indicating voltage
shall occur below 0,85 U i.
The user shall not have access to the threshold voltage setting.
The user shall not have access to any switches used for scale change.
4.2.1.2 Clear indication of a voltage above the ELV
The voltage detector shall clearly indicate the presence of a voltage above the ELV limit by
having a ELV limit indication.
The ELV limit indication shall function properly at all nominal frequencies when the voltage on
the part to be checked is equal to or higher than the ELV limit (50 V a.c. and/or 120 V d.c).
NOTE 1 The ELV limit indication is only to warn the user of the presence of a voltage, not for its evaluation.
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Voltage detectors with internal energy source shall still provide the ELV limit indication when
the internal energy source is exhausted.
NOTE 2 For a voltage detector without an internal energy source, the possibility of the ELV limit indication is
always maintained by the main circuit.
In the presence of a voltage above the ELV limit, the ELV limit indicating circuit shall remain
operational at all times. For voltage detectors having overcurrent protective devices or
switches for temporary loading or other voltage actuation methods, the ELV limit indication
shall be present at all times when the voltage on the part to be checked is in excess of the
ELV limit.
4.2.1.3 Continuous indication
The voltage detector shall give continuous indication only in case of positive contact of the
contact electrodes with bare live part(s) of the installation.
4.2.1.4 Successive indication
Voltage detectors indicating more than one operating voltage shall be so designed and
constructed that when the presence of an operating voltage is indicated, all indicators for
operating voltages below this level shall also indicate a presence of voltage. The voltage
detector shall indicate an increasing voltage in the sequence from the lower to the higher
level indication and by decreasing in the inverse manner.
4.2.1.5 Management of interference voltages at power frequencies (50 Hz/60 Hz)
The purpose of voltage detectors covered by this standard is to provide clear evidence of the
presence or absence of the operating voltage. In case of interference voltages on the part to
be tested, the indication may be different according to the internal impedance of voltage
detectors.
Voltage detectors shall be evaluated in terms of their internal impedance for the a.c. power
frequency value of the ELV.
Moreover a voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish an operating voltage from an

interference voltage shall indicate which type of voltage is present. This indication shall fulfil
the clear perceptibility requirements. The voltage detector shall also pass the test for the
influence of interference voltage (see 5.3.1.4.3).
According to the internal impedance of the voltage detector, safety advices shall be included
in the iInstructions for use (see Annex C).
4.2.2 Clear perceptibility
4.2.2.1 Visual indication
The indication shall be clearly visible to the user in the operating position and under normal
light conditions.
When more than one visual indication is provided by a same light source, the change of
indication shall not rely only on the change of colour of this light source. Additional
characteristics, such as distinctive forms of the light signals, or flashing lights shall be used.
In case of physically separated light sources, when each provides a single visual indication,
only one light colour may be used, no additional characteristics are needed.
NOTE In case of successive indication, all light sources are considered as parts of a same visual indication.
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4.2.2.2 Audible indication (when available)
The indication shall be clearly audible to the user in the operating position and under normal
noise conditions.
When more than one audible signal is used, the indication shall not rely solely on sounds of
different sound pressure level for perceptibility. Additional characteristics, such as tones or
intermittence of the audible signals shall be used.
4.2.3 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication
There are two categories of voltage detectors according to climatic conditions of operation:
normal (N) and special (S).
The voltage detector shall operate correctly in the temperature and humidity conditions of its
climatic category as specified in Table 1. Climatic category N corresponds to absolute
extreme values of type of climate “mild warm dry” as given in Table 3 of IEC 60721-2-1:2013.
Climatic category S is an extension of temperature limits of climatic category N by 15 °C.
It may happen that extremely low temperature affects the audible indication but in all cases
the audible indication shall be perceived.
Table 1 – Climatic categories of voltage detectors
Ranges of climatic conditions for operation
Climatic category Temperature Highest temperature Highest absolute humidity

with r.h.> 95 %
°C °C g⋅m -3
(N) normal –15 to +45 +31 30
(S) special –30 to +60 +31 30
4.2.4 Frequency dependency for a.c. voltage detector
A voltage detector designed for a.c. use shall operate correctly between 97 % and 103 % of
each of its nominal frequencies.
4.2.5 Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage detector
A voltage detector designed for d.c. use shall operate correctly when affected with a peak
ripple factor of 4 %.
4.2.6 Response time
The response time of the voltage detector shall be less than 1 s.
If the response time exceeds 500 ms, a statement indicating the response time shall be
included in the instructions for use.
4.2.7 Power source dependability
A voltage detector with an internal energy source shall give a clear indication until the source
is exhausted, unless its usage is limited by an indication of non-readiness, as mentioned in
the instructions for use.
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4.2.8 Testing element
Voltage detectors having internal energy source required for voltage detection, shall be
equipped with a built-in testing element. In this case the voltage detector shall give an
indication of "ready" or "not ready", according to the instructions for use.
For voltage detectors without internal energy source, the manufacturer shall make available a
testing element either built-in or separate.
The testing element either built-in or separate shall be capable of testing all the electrical
circuits, including energy source (if any), the functioning of the indication and the continuity of
the leads. When all circuits cannot be tested, any limitation shall be clearly stated in the
instructions for use. These circuits shall be constructed with high reliability.
Type and performance of such testing elements shall be explained in the instruction for use
(see Annex C).
4.2.9 Time rating
The voltage detector shall be able to perform properly during the specified time rating for the
most severe voltage in normal operation. The minimum time rating shall be 30 s.
4.3 Electrical requirements
4.3.1 Insulating material
The insulating materials shall be adequately rated (nature of material, dimensions) to

withstand electrical stresses normally encountered in service.
Non-metallic enclosures that provide protection against hazard from electric shock shall have
a material CTI rating of at least 400 according to IEC 60112.
According to 7.3.1.1 of IEC 61140:2001 for class II equipment, the voltage detector shall be
so designed that the accessible conductive parts and the accessible surface of parts of
insulating material shall either be
– separated from hazardous live parts by double or reinforced insulation, or

– designed with constructional arrangements providing equivalent protection, (e.g. a
protective impedance device).
4.3.2 Protection against electric shocks
Accessible parts shall not be hazardous. The battery compartment is not considered
accessible if a tool is required to open it.
The insulation of the voltage detector shall be so rated that leakage current shall be limited
under dry and humid conditions to:
– 0,5 mA rms or 2 mA d.c. in normal conditions,

– 3,5 mA rms or 10 mA d.c. in single fault condition,
according to the test procedure of 5.4.2.1.
If a failure could cause a hazard, the security of wiring connections subject to mechanical
stresses shall not depend on soldering.
For safety purposes, the following materials shall not be used as insulation (see 6.7.1 of
IEC 61010-031:2002):
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– materials which can easily be damaged (for example, lacquer, enamel, oxides, anodic
films;
– non-impregnated hydroscopic materials (for example, paper, fibres, fibrous materials).
4.3.3 Current limiting elements
Current within the detecting circuit of the voltage detector shall be limited by impedance.
Fuses are not allowed in the voltage detection circuits; their use is only permitted for the
continuity check function circuitry (see B.6).
4.3.4 Minimum clearance and creepage distances
4.3.4.1 General
Figure 1 illustrates typical applications of clearance and creepage distances related to a

voltage detector.
IEC
Figure 1a – Illustration of the electrical insulation of an indicator casing
or
IEC
Figure 1b – Illustration of the electrical insulation of a probe with a detachable lead

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Key
1 protective impedance made of two current limiting 9 contact electrode

elements or one high integrity element = R
2 accessible conductive part A basic insulation
3 copper track energized with the working voltage AM basic insulation at the minimum
4 enclosure S supplementary insulation
5 printed circuit board R reinforced insulation (more than one layer of insulation)
6 barrier C creepage distances (along the surface)
7 hand-held area or probe body D clearance distance (in air)
8 lead DI double insulation A+S= DI
Figure 1 – Illustration of the electrical insulation features

applicable to components of a voltage detector
4.3.4.2 Clearance distances
Voltage detectors shall be classified into overvoltage category III at least, according to
IEC 60664-1.
Clearance distances for basic insulation and supplementary insulation shall meet the
requirements of Table 2 according to nominal voltages and the overvoltage categories of the
voltage detectors. This table is based on Table F.2 of IEC 60664-1:2007 – minimum clearance
distances in air for inhomogeneous fields (case A).
Clearance distances for reinforced insulation shall meet the requirements of Table 3
according to nominal voltages and the overvoltage categories of the voltage detectors.
Table 2 – Minimum clearance distances for basic insulation

and for supplementary insulation
Voltage line to neutral Rated impulse Minimum Rated impulse Minimum

derived from nominal voltage for clearance voltage for clearance
voltages a.c. or d.c. category III distance category IV distance
up to and including
V V mm V mm
50 800 0,2 1 500 0,5

100 1 500 0,5 2 500 1,5
150 2 500 1,5 4 000 3,0
300 4 000 3,0 6 000 5,5
600 6 000 5,5 8 000 8,0
1 000 8 000 8,0 12 000 14
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IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 21 –
Table 3 – Minimum clearance distances for reinforced insulation
Voltage line to neutral Rated impulse Minimum Rated impulse Minimum clearance
derived from nominal voltage for clearance voltage for distance
voltages a.c. or d.c. category III distance category IV
up to and including
V V mm V mm
50 1 500 0,5 2 500 1,5

100 2 500 1,5 4 000 3
150 4 000 3 6 000 5,5
300 6 000 5,5 8 000 8
600 8 000 8 12 000 14
a
1 000 12 000 14 19 200 24
NOTE According to 5.1.6 of IEC 60664-1:2007: “Clearances for reinforced insulation are dimensioned as
specified in Table F.2 [of IEC 60664-1:2007] corresponding to the rated impulse voltage but one step higher in
the preferred series of values in 4.2.3 [of IEC 60664-1:2007] than that specified for basic insulation”.
a According to 5.1.6 of IEC 60664-1:2007, when the impulse withstand voltage required for basic insulation is
other than a value taken from the preferred series, reinforced insulation is dimensioned to withstand 160 % of
the impulse withstand voltage required for basic insulation (19 200 V = 160 % of 12 000 V).
4.3.4.3 Creepage distances
Creepage distances for basic and supplementary insulation shall be in accordance with
Table F.4 of IEC 60664-1:2007. Values for reinforced insulation are twice the value for basic
insulation.
Creepage distance shall always be at least as large as the value specified for clearance. If
the determined creepage distance is smaller than the clearance, the creepage distance shall
be increased to the value of the clearance.
Pollution degree inside the housing to be considered shall be 2. This value can be reduced in
case of multilayers, coated or moulded circuits according to IEC 60664-3.
Pollution degree on the outer surface to be considered shall be minimum 2.
4.3.5 Protection against electrical stresses
Voltage detectors shall withstand the electrical stresses likely to occur when applied to the
installations for which they have been designed. These electrical stresses include:
– transient overvoltages,
– temporary overvoltages.
NOTE Transient overvoltages can be attributable to switching on the network, notably from capacitors and mostly
from replacement of inductive loads and from lightning.
Temporary overvoltages can be attributable to defects, load shedding or resonance and/or ferro-resonance
phenomena. Mostly, they result from surges which occur during an earth-fault.
4.3.6 Lead(s)
The leads shall be rated for the maximum voltage and current expected during normal use of
the voltage detector.
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4.3.7 Probes
The probes shall be rated for the maximum voltage and current expected during normal use of
the voltage detector. Conductive parts shall be separated from the hand-held surface by
double insulation or reinforced insulation (see Figure 1).
The contact electrode shall not have the construction of a hook for permanent connecting.
4.3.8 Connector(s) (if any)
Connectors shall be designed in order to conform to 6.4.1 of IEC 61010-031:2002, elements

a)i) and c)i).
4.3.9 Accessible switches in the detecting circuit for temporary loading (if any)
Switches that allow temporary contact for loading shall be suitable for the maximum voltage
and current expected during normal use of the voltage detector. The contact separation shall
provide at least basic insulation. Conductive parts shall be separated from the hand-held
surface by double or reinforced insulation.
The actuating member of the switch shall withstand the operating forces during the voltage
detector lifetime.
4.4 Mechanical requirements
4.4.1 Design
The voltage detector shall consist of two probes with lead(s) and with one visual indicator
(display). Each probe shall have one metallic contact electrode. Handles shall be equipped
with a hand-guard (see Figure 2).
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IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 23 –
Dimensions in millimetres
IEC
Figure 2a – Example of a voltage detector with the indicator integrated in a probe
IEC
Figure 2b – Example of a voltage detector with the indicator not integrated in a probe
Key
1 indicator 7 probe
2 accessible conductive part 8 lead
3 non-insulated part of the contact electrode LB length of the non-insulated part of the contact electrode
4 enclosure for indicator LG handle length
5 insulated part of the contact electrode LI distance between the non-insulated part of the contact
electrode and the hand-guard
6 hand-guard
Figure 2 – Voltage detector
The voltage detector shall be so designed that when in use, the two contact electrodes and
the indicator are in the field of view of the user.
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Crocodile clips are not allowed for voltage detectors.
4.4.2 Dimensions, construction
The length L B (see Figure 2) of the non-insulated part of the contact electrode shall be shorter
than 19 mm.
+0,5
The diameter of the non-insulated part of the contact electrode shall not exceed (4 −0 ) mm.
The distance L I between the non-insulated part of the contact electrode in use and the hand-
guard shall be at least 45 mm (see Figure 2).
The height of the hand-guard shall be at least 5 mm above the base of the handle and shall
cover at least 50 % of the perimeter of the probe (see Figure 2).
When accessible conductive parts are provided, they shall be designed to avoid short circuit
or electric shock. They shall not be placed between the contact electrode and the hand-guard.
The maximum dimension of the conductive surface, measured in any direction, shall not
exceed 19 mm.
The handle shall have a length L G of at least 70 mm (see Figure 2).
4.4.3 Degree of protection provided by enclosures
The correct functioning of the voltage detector shall not be affected by dust and water
ingress.
The degree of protection of all the enclosures of the voltage detector shall meet at least the
requirements for IP54 for category 2 equipment (see IEC 60529) except the following:
– for leads that can be detached, the disconnect points shall have a degree of protection of
at least IP2X (see 4.4.11);
– when existing, mechanical active parts of a probe located in front of the hand guard (e.g;
cursor, sliding shroud, covers, etc.) shall have a degree of protection of at least IP2X.
4.4.4 Resistance to vibration
The voltage detector shall withstand sinusoidal rectilinear vibrations as specified in 5.5.4.
4.4.5 Drop resistance
The voltage detector shall withstand drops as specified in 5.5.5.
4.4.6 Shock resistance
The voltage detector shall withstand mechanical shocks as specified in 5.5.6.
4.4.7 Possible disassembling
It shall not be possible to disassemble the enclosures of the voltage detector, or there shall
be clear provision (e.g. sealing, plomb) that disassembly has occurred. This does not apply to
battery compartments or the connections of leads.
The opening of the battery box shall not cause any danger. All the assembling features shall
be captive.
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4.4.8 Surface temperature
Easily touched surfaces shall not exceed the temperature values specified in 5.5.8 under
normal and single fault condition, under the maximum ambient temperature according to the
climatic category of the voltage detector.
4.4.9 Resistance to heat
Parts of enclosures of a voltage detector made of insulating materials shall have adequate
resistance to heat.
4.4.10 Probes
Probes shall comply with the mechanical requirements of IEC 61010-031.
The insulated parts of the contact electrodes shall support a test for the close adhesion of the
insulating material.
NOTE For the requirements of maximum length and diameter of the contact electrode, see 4.4.2.
4.4.11 Lead(s)
In addition to the normal service stresses of the voltage detector, the leads shall withstand
specific normal service stresses.
Flexible single core leads shall have a conductor cross-sectional area of not less than
0,75 mm 2 . Multi-core leads shall have a total conductor cross-section of at least 1,0 mm 2 .
The attachment of the lead shall withstand forces likely to be encountered in normal use
without damage which could cause a hazard.
Solder alone, without mechanical gripping, shall not be used for strain relief.
The insulation of the lead shall be mechanically secured to avoid retraction.
For detachable leads, the design of the connector which plugs into the indicator shall have an
IP2X degree of protection female connector. Additionally, all other disconnect points require
at least an IP2X degree of protection.
For detachable leads, the design of the connector shall avoid the lead to be displaced too
much from the indicator casing under pull stress.
4.5 Marking
4.5.1 General
The marking shall be durable and readily legible to a person with normal or corrected vision
without additional magnification.
4.5.2 Marking on the indicator
The indicator shall have the following items of marking with a height of letter equal to at least
3 mm:
– maximum nominal voltage;

– symbol IEC 60417-5216 (2002-10) – Suitable for live working; double triangle – and
number of the relevant IEC standard (IEC 61243-3) adjacent to the symbol;
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NOTE 1 The exact ratio of the height of the figure to the base of the triangle is 1,43. For the purpose of
convenience, this ratio can be between the values of 1,4 and 1,5.
– overvoltage category adjacent to the maximum voltage to neutral according to

IEC 60664-1;
– “a.c. voltage” or symbol IEC 60417-5032 (2002-10) – Alternating current including nominal
frequencie(s) or frequency range, if any;
– “d.c. voltage” or symbol IEC 60417-5031 (2002-10) – Direct current, if any;
– “a.c./d.c. voltage” or symbol IEC 60417-5033 (2002-10) – Both direct and alternative
current, if any;
– internal impedance at ELV a.c. "X kΩ @ ELV a.c.";
"X kΩ / Y kΩ @ ELV a.c";
with X and Y the internal impedance values in kΩ measured in 5.3.1.3.1
Only voltage detectors passing the performance test according to 5.3.1.4.3.1 are allowed to
declare two values of internal impedance.
Additionally each indicator shall have at least the following items of marking but with a smaller
height of letter in ratio of 2 with the previous marking and with a minimum height of 1,5 mm:
– indication of nominal voltage(s) or nominal voltage range(s);

– if necessary, two or three voltage values or one range or other information (e.g. in form of
symbols according to IEC 60417 and ISO 7000) shall be given one below the other and on
the right of the graphical symbol;
– mark of origin (name or trade mark of the manufacturer);
– peak value of the maximum occurring current of all built-in indicating systems I s ≥ 3,5 mA,
measured within 30 s at the highest nominal voltage or the highest voltage of the nominal
voltage range;
NOTE 2 The current flowing through the voltage detector may influence the behaviour of the installation
under test.
– year of manufacture;
– temperature range … °C; optionally the climatic category;
– type designation;
– time rating and recovery time;
– degree of protection by enclosure (IP);
– indication of the battery type to be used on or in the battery box;
– symbol ISO 7000-0434 (2004-01) – Caution.
With every voltage detector or with every batch of voltage detectors to be delivered, the
manufacturer shall provide information related to the number of the IEC standard with the
year of publication.
4.5.3 Marking on the probe and/or the lead
If a probe or a lead is designed for use only in a specific model of voltage detector, this shall
be made clear, and the specific voltage detector shall be identified, either by marking on the
probe or lead or in the accompanying documentation.
Additional information, such as serial numbers, batch numbers, etc. may be added.
4.6 Instructions for use
Each voltage detector shall be accompanied by the manufacturer's instructions for use (see
Annex C). These instructions shall be prepared in accordance with the general provisions
given in IEC 61477.
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4.7 Requirements in case of reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working
4.7.1 AC/DC voltage misuse
For voltage detectors designed only for a.c., the presence of d.c. voltage exceeding the ELV
limit shall be indicated.
For voltage detectors designed only for d.c., the presence of a.c. voltage exceeding the ELV
limit shall be indicated.
4.7.2 Maximum current to earth in case of misuse
In accordance with the values included in Figures 20 and 22 of IEC TS 60479-1:2005, and
introducing a supplementary safety margin for the permissible current, the maximum current
to earth in case of misuse shall not exceed line B of Figure 3 for alternating current and line B
of Figure 4 for direct current as measured according to the test procedure of 5.8.2.
NOTE For additional information on the current zones (AC-1, DC-1, etc,) and the physiological effects, see Tables
11 and 13 of IEC/TS 60479-1:2005.
IEC
Figure 3 – Maximum rms a.c. current to earth in case of misuse

BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 28 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
IEC
Figure 4 – Maximum d.c. current to earth in case of misuse
In case of misuse, voltage detectors that may have currents to earth exceeding the values
given above shall have additional protective means for avoiding hazardous inadvertent access
to the contact electrodes. Both hands shall be involved for actuating these protection means.
These protection means could consist for example in:
– IP2X protection of each of the contact electrodes (see IEC 60529) when they are not in
use;
– an indicating circuit activated by two switches that allow temporary contact for loading,
one in each probe with no parallel path delivering more than 3,5 mA.
4.7.3 Misuse in case of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage network
In the event of mistaking the voltage of the low voltage network, application of low voltages
between the contact electrodes, irrespective of the nominal voltage or nominal voltage range
of the voltage detector shall not result in a short circuit or any other failure likely to cause
electric shock or burns to the user.
5 Tests
5.1 General
The present standard provides testing provisions to demonstrate compliance of the product to
the requirements of Clause 4. These testing provisions are primarily intended to be used as
type tests for validation of the design input. Where relevant, alternative means (calculation,
examination, tests, etc.), are specified within the test subclauses for the purpose of voltage
detectors having completed the production phase.
Annex D specifies the list of type tests to be performed within a sequential order and the type
tests to be performed out of sequence.
Each type test within the sequential order shall be performed on the same three voltage
detectors.
Three additional voltage detectors or test pieces shall be used to perform each type test out
of sequence, except for 5.2.2 which is performed on only one voltage detector.
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If more than one voltage detector does not pass, the test has failed. If only one voltage
detector fails, the entire sequence for the type tests shall be repeated on three other voltage
detectors. If, again, any of the voltage detectors does not pass, the type test is considered to
have failed. In the particular case of 5.2.2, if the voltage detector does not pass, the type test
is considered to have failed.
Tests under single fault conditions shall comply with 4.4 of IEC 61010-1.
If tests under fault conditions may be destructive, these tests may follow those under
reference test conditions.
Unless otherwise specified in the individual test subclauses the following apply.
– The functional tests shall be performed at the nominal frequency of the voltage detector.
For a voltage detector with more than one nominal frequency or a nominal frequency
range, the tests shall be performed at the minimum and maximum nominal frequencies.
– The tests shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of (23 ± 5) °C and at a relative
humidity between 30 % and 75 %.
– The voltage detectors for type tests shall be stored at an ambient temperature of (23 ±
5) °C for at least 5 h before the test procedure is started.
– The alternating currents and alternating voltages specified for the tests are given in rms
values.
– For the test at d.c. voltage, a voltage source with a peak ripple not exceeding 1 % shall be
used.
– The accuracy for the measurement of the following parameters shall be:
• test voltage (a.c./d.c.): ±3 %
• test voltage (impulse): ±5 %
• current: ±1,5 %
• frequency: ±0,2 %
• temperature: ±2 K
• relative humidity: ±3 %
• time of impulse voltage: ±20 %
time (test duration) ±1 %
– For dimensions of the voltage detector, a tolerance of ± 0,1 mm shall be used.
– The dimensions of the test set-ups shall comply with Js18 level according to ISO 286-1
and ISO 286-2.
5.2 Tests for general requirements
5.2.1 Indication
The requirements for indication shall be checked by inspection. This inspection shall verify
the change of status of each visual and audible (if any) signal by suitable voltage application.
The inspection shall be considered as passed if the requirements of 4.1.2 are fulfilled.
5.2.2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
5.2.2.1 Type test
Voltage detectors shall be submitted to and shall fulfil the relevant tests of IEC 61326-1:2005
for:
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– immunity requirements for equipment intended for use in industrial locations (Table 2 and
Annex A of IEC 61326-1:2005), and
– emission limit requirements of class A equipment (7.2 of IEC 61326-1:2005).
The voltage detector shall be configured in a mode that represents normal working conditions
according to the instructions for use.
During the tests, the voltage detector shall be connected to a voltage source (a.c. and/or d.c.
according to the type of voltage detector) adjusted first at the corresponding ELV value and
followed by a test at the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage detector.
The test shall be considered as passed if the relevant indications are not affected.
5.2.2.2 Alternative means for voltage detectors having completed the production
phase
After completing the production phase, it is not practical to perform EMC tests for checking
the conformity to the relevant requirements. Nevertheless, the manufacturer shall prove that
he has followed the same documented assembly procedure as per the type tested device.
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the EMC.
5.3 Tests for functional requirements
5.3.1 Clear indication
5.3.1.1 Threshold voltage
5.3.1.1.1 Setting and scale change
It shall be checked by inspection that
• the user has no access to the threshold voltage setting, and

• any switches used for scale change are not accessible.
5.3.1.1.2 Threshold voltage value(s)
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector shall be connected to a voltage source (a.c. or
d.c., according to the type of voltage detector).
The test voltage shall be increased and each voltage value corresponding to a change of the
status of the signal shall be noted.
The test shall be considered as passed if the voltage value(s) fulfill the requirements of
4.2.1.1 for the threshold voltage(s).
For an a.c./d.c. voltage detector, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage.
5.3.1.2 ELV indication
5.3.1.2.1 Type test
For voltage detectors with an internal energy source, the source shall be removed before the
test.
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector shall be connected to a voltage source (a.c. or
d.c., according to the type of voltage detector). The voltage source shall be set at the ELV
voltage value within a permissible tolerance of −50 %.
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The test shall be carried out with and without activation of the switches for temporary loading
(if any).
For voltage detectors employing overcurrent protective devices, the test consists of circulating
in the detecting circuit a current sufficient to operate the protection, immediately followed by
verification of the ELV indication.
The test shall be considered as passed if the ELV indication appears in all cases.
5.3.1.2.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors with internal energy source
having completed the production phase
In case of voltage detector with internal energy source, the alternative test consists in
performing the type test of 5.3.1.2.1 without removing the internal energy source.
5.3.1.3 Measurement of the internal impedance for the a.c. power frequency value
of the ELV
5.3.1.3.1 Type test
The following test shall be performed on all voltage detectors (a.c. and/or d.c.) under a.c.
condition only.
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector shall be connected to an a.c. voltage source in
series with an ammeter. The voltage source shall be set at the ELV voltage value within a
permissible tolerance of −50 %. The current value(s) shall be recorded and the internal
impedance(s) of the voltage detector shall be calculated.
The measurement shall be repeated for the different internal impedance loads (if more than
one), for example with and without activation of the switches for temporary loading (if any).
NOTE One functioning principle of a voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish an operating voltage from
an interference voltage is based on a switching between two values of internal impedance.
5.3.1.3.2 Alternative means in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
The manufacturer shall prove that he has followed the same documented assembly procedure
as per the type tested device.
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the performance of the
voltage detector with regard to its internal impedance(s).
5.3.1.4 Continuous indication
5.3.1.4.1 Indication only in contact with bare part
The test voltage shall be set at the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage detector.
One contact electrode of the voltage detector shall be connected to one pole of the voltage
source (a.c. or d.c., according to the type of voltage detector). The other contact electrode
shall be moved slowly toward the second pole of the voltage source until it is within 2 mm of
making contact.
The test shall be considered as passed if there is no indication of the presence of an

indicating voltage. The ELV indication is permitted.
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For an a.c/d.c voltage detector, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage.
5.3.1.4.2 Influence of electromagnetic field
The tests for influence of electromagnetic field are included in the tests of 5.2.2 for
electromagnetic compatibility.
NOTE IEC 61326-1:2005, Annex A for immunity requirements for equipment intended for use in industrial
locations includes a test for the immunity to power frequency magnetic field (Table 2 of IEC 61326-1:2005).
5.3.1.4.3 Performance of voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish an

operating voltage from an interference voltage
5.3.1.4.3.1 Type test
The following test shall be performed on a voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish
an operating voltage from an interference voltage.
The a.c. test set-up simulates the particular situation where two low-voltage power cables
(92° mm 2 or AWG 4/0 cables) are installed very close (i.e.: in a same earthed cable support
system, cables in parallel or twisted together), on a distance of 50 m.
The voltage detector shall be connected between point A and point B of the test set-up
specified in Figure 5. The a.c. test voltage shall correspond to the maximum nominal voltage
of the voltage detector.
V C1
A
C2
IEC
Key
V test voltage
A and B test points
C1 capacitor of 1 500 pF representing the cacacitive coupling between the two power cables
C2 capacitor of 3 900 pF representing the capacitance of the disconnected cable to be tested
Figure 5 – Test set-up for the performance of a voltage detector claiming to

be able to distinguish an operating voltage from an interference voltage
The test shall be considered as passed if the presence of an interference voltage is confirmed
either by a direct or indirect indication.
NOTE An indirect indication is an information assisting the user in the deduction of the presence of an
interference voltage. For example a device with manual load switching.
5.3.1.4.3.2 Alternative means in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the performance of the
voltage detector with regard to the influence of an interference voltage.
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IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 33 –
5.3.1.5 Successive indication
The test for successive indication can be combined with the test for threshold voltage values
by verifying additionally that the level indication fulfill the requirements of 4.2.1.4 when
decreasing the test voltage.
5.3.2 Clear perceptibility of visual indication
5.3.2.1 Type test
The test shall be performed at the ELV limit and at a test voltage of 0,85 times the nominal
voltage or 0,85 times the particular step within the nominal voltage range and at 0,85 times
the lower nominal voltage of the nominal voltage range under a.c. or d.c. voltage. For an
a.c./d.c. voltage detector, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage. The
permissible tolerance of the test voltage shall be −50 %.
For a voltage detector having an internal energy source, it shall be discharged until the non-
readiness indication appears as mentioned in the instructions for use. The test duration may
be reduced by supplying the voltage detector with an external power source with a sufficient
energy level.
The voltage detector shall be placed in a room with low light reflection and so clamped that it
can be turned around a horizontal axis at the display of the indicator and can be rotated
around its longitudinal axis. At a distance of 150 mm behind the horizontal turning axis, a matt
grey surface with identification colour IEC 60304 'grey' (for example, a painted wall or paper
screen) with a diameter of at least 500 mm shall be arranged vertically in the room in such a
way that its centre is behind the indicator of the voltage detector.
The voltage detector and the mat grey surface shall be lit by a diffuse white light from two
halogen light sources, placed at least 1 m from the voltage detector, in accordance with
Figure 6. The arrangement shall be such that the light reflected from the matt grey surface to
the indicator of the voltage detector has an illumination of 3 500 lx. For voltage detectors with
a nominal voltage or nominal voltage range starting below the ELV limit indication, the
illumination shall also be 3 500 lx for the indicating range <50 V.
At a distance of 750 mm from the voltage detector, the forehead stop for the observer shall be
arranged, as shown by item 5 in Figure 6.
The voltage detector shall be rotated from the original vertical position to an angle of 15° and
back to the original position, the display of the indicator being turned by rotation around the
longitudinal axis of the detector by an angle of 10° to the right and to the left in order to
identify the most unfavourable position of the indication.
The test shall be carried out consecutively by three observers with average sight. The
observer places his forehead against the forehead stop. Voltage shall then be applied
between the two contact electrodes of the voltage detector with the display of the indicator in
the most unfavourable position.
The test voltage shall be connected and disconnected several times at irregular time intervals,
unknown by the observer.
The test shall be considered as passed if each of the three observers clearly sees each visual
indication.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
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IEC
Key
1 voltage detector
2 display of the indicator
3 area with matt grey surface
4 light source
5 forehead stop
6 observer
Figure 6 – Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibility of visual indication
5.3.2.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed

the production phase
The alternative test consists of comparing the perceptibility of the visual indication of a
voltage detector having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector
which has passed successfully the type test according to 5.3.2.1 (reference voltage detector).
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 35 –
5.3.3 Clear perceptibility of audible indication (when available)
5.3.3.1 Type test
The test shall be performed at the ELV limit and at a test voltage of 0,85 times the nominal
voltage or 0,85 times the particular step within the nominal voltage range and at 0,85 times
the lower nominal voltage of the nominal voltage range under a.c. or d.c. voltage. For an
a.c./d.c. voltage detector, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage. The
permissible tolerance of the test voltage shall be −50 %.
For a voltage detector having an internal energy source, it shall be discharged until the non-
readiness indication appears as mentioned in the instructions for use. The test duration may
energy level.
Sound pressure levels shall be measured according to the specifications of ISO 3744, in
terms of the main requirements (grade 2 accuracy, measurement surface, microphone
positions, background noise, etc.), except for the fact that the measurements are carried out
in a free-field, without the reflecting plane referred to in ISO 3744.
The absorption coefficient of the environment shall be at least 0,9 Hz at 700 Hz (see
ISO 354). The measurement may be carried out in an anechoic room duly compliant with
ISO 3745; in this case, the required absorption conditions are naturally fulfilled. In a semi-
anechoic room or any other free-field over a reflecting plane environment in accordance to
ISO 3744, the absorption of the reflecting plane can generally be obtained by covering this
surface with a sound absorbing material approximately 20 cm thick and with a minimum
surface area of 2,0 m × 2,0 m.
In addition, the background noise level of the room shall be at least 6 dB, and preferably more
than 15 dB, below the noise of the voltage detector under test, within the frequency range of
interest.
The instrumentation system, including the microphone and related cables, shall meet the
requirements for a type 1 instrument as specified in IEC 61672-1 for sound level meters
(required for continuous signal) or, for integrating-averaging sound level meters (required for
intermittent sounds). The filters used shall meet the requirements for a class 1 instrument
specified in IEC 61260.
During each series of measurements, a sound calibrator with an accuracy of class 1 specified
in IEC 60942 shall be applied to the microphone to verify the calibration of the entire
instrument system.
The measuring surface shall be a hemisphere with a radius r = 1 m and with ten microphone
positions. The voltage detector under test shall be installed so that the sound transmitter is
oriented towards point 10. The sound transmitter shall coincide with the centre of the co-
ordinates system of the hemispherical measurement surface (see Figure 7) and shall be at
least 250 mm above the absorption surface on the floor (for example 250 mm above the
sound absorbing material when the measurements are carried out in a modified semi-
anechoic room).
The sound pressure level shall be measured within the frequency range 1 000 Hz to 4 000 Hz,
with the A-weighting network. Before starting measurements, it shall be checked that the
voltage detector under test radiates predominantly within this frequency range. The A-
weighted time-averaged sound pressure level shall be measured, for intermittent or
continuous sound emission, at each microphone position (points 1 to 10 as described in
Figure 7). If the difference between the sound pressure level measured with the voltage
detector under test and the background noise level is between 6 dB and 15 dB, corrections
shall be applied to the measurement values, in accordance with 8.3 of ISO 3744. The A-
BS EN 61243-3:2014
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weighted sound pressure levels are then averaged over the measurement surface (point 1 to
10) according to 8.1 of ISO 3744.
IEC
Figure 7a – Positioning of the voltage detector in the test set-up
I3
I2
I1 x
IEC
Microphone x/r y/r z/r Microphone x/r y/r z/r

position position
1 -0,99 0 0,15 6 0,89 0 0,45
2 0,50 -0,86 0,15 7 -0,33 0,57 0,75
3 0,50 0,86 0,15 8 -0,66 0 0,75
4 -0,45 0,77 0,45 9 0,33 -0,57 0,75
5 -0,45 -0,77 0,45 10 0 0 1,0
Figure 7b – Key measurement points on the hemisphere
Key
A hemisphere measurement surface D voltage detector

B microphone E sound absorbing material
C sound transmitter F mounting surface
Figure 7 – Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibility of audible indication

BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 37 –
The test shall be considered as passed if the values of the A-weighted time-averaged sound
pressure levels, both for point 10 and for the average obtained for point 1 to 10, are equal to
or exceed:
– 58,5 dB for continuous sound;

– 55,5 dB for intermittent sound.
5.3.3.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
The alternative test consists of comparing the perceptibility of the audible indication of a
voltage detector having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector
which has passed successfully the type test according to 5.3.3.1 (reference voltage detector).
5.3.4 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication
5.3.4.1 Verification of the threshold voltage and of the ELV indication
5.3.4.1.1 Type test
The voltage detector shall be checked for its threshold voltage(s) according to 5.3.1.1.2 and
for the ELV indication according to 5.3.1.2.1 for each of the three following climatic conditions
of its climatic category.
Table 4 – Parameters to be observed to check the climatic dependence
Climatic category Temperature Relative humidity Absolute humidity

°C % g/m 3
–15 – –
N +31 95 30
+45 45 30
–30 – –
S +31 95 30
+60 24 30
The voltage detector shall be placed in a climatic chamber adjusted to each set of climatic
test conditions of Table 4 and shall be kept in the test chamber for 2 h before performing the
tests. The voltage detector shall be kept in the climatic chamber during the test.
The test shall be considered as passed if for the three climatic conditions of the climatic
category of the voltage detector the sanctions of 5.3.1.1.2 and 5.3.1.2.1 are fulfilled.
For category S, when performing the test at the lower temperature, any internal energy source
may be removed from the voltage detector during the cool down and replaced in the voltage
detector just before performing the test under voltage.

production phase
After completing the production phase, it is not practical to perform tests under climatic
conditions for checking the conformity to the relevant requirements. Nevertheless, the
manufacturer shall prove that he has followed the same documented assembly procedure as
per the type tested device.
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the temperature and humidity
dependence.
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5.3.4.2 Verification of the perceptibility of the visual and audible indications
5.3.4.2.1 Type test
This test may be combined with 5.3.4.1.1.
The test for clear perceptibility of the visual indication consists of comparing the perceptibility
of the visual indication of the voltage detector within the climatic chamber to the one of a
voltage detector tested according to 5.3.2.1 but kept at the ambient climatic conditions. The
test shall be considered as passed if both perceptibilities are similar.
The test for perceptibility of the audible indication shall be considered as passed if audible
signals (if any) are perceived while the voltage detector remains within the climatic chamber.

production phase
After completing the production phase, it is not practical to perform tests under climatic
conditions for checking the conformity to the relevant requirements. Nevertheless, the
manufacturer shall prove that he has followed the same documented assembly procedure as
per the type tested device.
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect climatic performance.
5.3.5 Frequency dependency for a.c. voltage detector
5.3.5.1.1 Type test
For an a.c. voltage detector, the tests according to 5.3.1.1.2 and 5.3.1.2.1 shall be repeated
at 97 % and 103 % of each nominal frequency of the voltage detector or, in case of a
frequency range, at 97 % of the minimum nominal frequency and 103 % of the maximum
nominal frequency of the frequency range.
The tests shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 5.3.1.1.2 and of 5.3.1.2.1 are
fulfilled.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect frequency performance.
5.3.5.2.1 Type test
The tests according to 5.3.2.1 and 5.3.3.1 shall be fulfilled at 97 % and 103 % of each
nominal frequency of the voltage detector or, in case of a frequency range, at 97 % of the
minimum nominal frequency and 103 % of the maximum nominal frequency of the frequency
range.
This test may be combined with 5.3.2.1 and 5.3.3.1.

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IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 39 –

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect frequency performance.
5.3.6 Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage detector
5.3.6.1.1 Type test
For a d.c. voltage detector, the tests according to 5.3.1.1.2 and 5.3.1.2.1 shall be repeated
with a peak ripple factor of 4 %.
The tests shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 5.3.1.1.2 and of 5.3.1.2.1 are
fulfilled.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that affect ripple performance.
5.3.6.2.1 Type test
The tests according to 5.3.2.1 and 5.3.3.1 shall be fulfilled with a peak ripple factor of 4 %.
This test may be combined with 5.3.6.1.1.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect ripple performance.
5.3.7 Response time
5.3.7.1 Type test
The test voltage shall be the threshold voltage value corresponding to each indicating voltage
of the voltage detector plus 10 %.
The test voltage shall be applied ON, then OFF and ON 20 times. The duration of the ON and
OFF periods shall be adjusted to 500 ms.
The test shall be considered as passed if each visual and audible signal (if any) is seen and
heard as a rhythmical indication having a minimum frequency of 1 Hz. The first signal(s) shall
appear during the first cycle.
The test shall be repeated with a period of 1 s in case of voltage detector declared as having
a response time above 500 ms.
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The test shall be considered as passed if each visual and audible signal (if any) is seen and
heard as a rhythmical indication having a minimum frequency of 1/2 Hz. The first signal(s)
shall appear during the first cycle.
5.3.7.2 Alternative means in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
The alternative means consists in performing the type test of 5.3.7.1 with a reduced number
of cycles, provided that the manufacturer shall prove that he has followed the same
documented assembly procedure as per the type tested device and he has documented
components that could affect the response time.
5.3.8 Power source dependability
The internal energy source of the voltage detector (if any) shall be discharged until the non-
readiness indication appears, as mentioned in the instructions for use. The test duration may
energy level.
A test voltage of 1,1U n max . shall be applied five times to the voltage detector.
The test shall be considered as passed if the voltage detector displays the presence of
U n max. at each time.
5.3.9 Testing element
5.3.9.1 Voltage detector having an internal energy source
When connecting the two contact electrodes together, the testing element shall be activated
according to the instructions for use.
A visual and/or audible signal shall appear according to the instructions for use. The testing
element shall be activated three times, and a signal for readiness shall appear each time.
Except when the testing element is solely actuated by connecting the contact electrodes
together, the test shall be repeated three times with the contact electrodes not connected
together. Then the signal for non-readiness shall appear each time.
The electric circuit (and the flow chart if a software is used) shall be checked to verify that all
circuits are tested, except those mentioned in the instructions for use.
5.3.9.2 Voltage detector without an internal energy source
It shall be checked that the manufacturer makes available a built-in or separate testing
element. In all cases the testing elements shall be tested in accordance with 5.3.9.1 (apart
from the energy source checking).
5.3.10 Time rating
5.3.10.1 Type test
The test shall be made at 1,2 times the maximum a.c. (or/and d.c.) nominal voltage of the
voltage detector during the time rating t r declared by the manufacturer and under the most
severe operating mode (e.g. switching of a temporary load).
The test shall be considered as passed if the display of all the indicating voltage(s) and of the
ELV is uninterrupted for all the test period.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 41 –

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect time rating performance.
5.4 Tests for electrical requirements
5.4.1 Tests on the insulation
5.4.1.1 Insulating material
It shall be checked by inspection that the non-metallic enclosures that provide protection
against hazard from electric shock have a material CTI rating of at least 400 according to
IEC 60112.
It shall be checked by inspection that the design of the accessible conductive parts and of the
accessible surface of parts of insulating material fulfil the requirements of 4.3.1.
5.4.1.2 Test on the complete equipment
5.4.1.2.1 General
The voltage detector shall be preconditioned according to 6.1.3.2 and Table F.6 of
IEC 60664-1:2007 for damp heat conditions (93 % RH, 40 °C during 96 hours-one cycle).
An electrically conductive covering shall be placed around all parts of the voltage detector.
This covering shall be placed so near to the non-insulated part of the contact electrodes that
the creepage distance to each of them is 20 mm.
One pole of the test voltage source shall be connected with the contact electrodes of the
voltage detector gathered together and the other pole with the conductive covering.
The tests on the insulation of the complete equipment shall be carried out within 10 min after
the preconditioning.
5.4.1.2.2 Impulse withstand test
The impulse withstand voltage levels shall be selected in accordance with Table 2 or Table 3.
According to 6.1.3.3.1 of IEC 60664-1, the impulse test shall be conducted for 5 impulses of
each polarity with an interval of at least 1 s between impulses. The wave shape of each
impulse shall be recorded.
For areas designed with basic insulation (e.g. non-accessible parts) the impulse test for basic
insulation is first performed, then the conductive covering is removed from areas identified as
basic insulation and the test is repeated with values of Table 3. The test sequence for basic
or reinforced insulation may be changed.
The test shall be considered as passed if no puncture or partial breakdown of solid insulation
occurs. The serviceability of the voltage detector may be impaired.
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5.4.1.2.3 AC voltage test
5.4.1.2.3.1 Type test
For basic insulation, supplementary and reinforced insulation, the test voltage shall be
selected in accordance with Table 5.
The voltage shall be raised uniformly from 0 V to the test value within not more than 5 s and
held at that value for 3 min.
Table 5 – AC voltage values for test on the complete equipment
Voltage line to neutral derived from AC voltage for basic and AC voltage for reinforced
nominal voltages a.c. or d.c. supplementary solid insulation solid insulation
up to and including
V V (rms) V (rms)
50 1 250 2 500
100 1 300 2 600
150 1 350 2 700
300 1 500 3 000
600 1 800 3 600
1 000 2 200 4 400
NOTE 1 According to 6.1.3.4.1 of IEC 60664-1:2007, the basic and supplementary insulation test values are
based on short-term temporary overvoltage defined as U n + 1 200 V, where U n is the nominal line to neutral
voltage of the neutral-earthed supply system.
NOTE 2 According to 6.1.3.4.1 of IEC 60664-1:2007, for reinforced insulation, the test voltage is twice the voltage
for basic insulation.
The test shall be considered as passed if no breakdown of solid insulation occurs. The
serviceability of the voltage detector may be impaired.
5.4.1.2.3.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
The test of 5.4.1.2.3.1 shall be performed but without conditioning and for 5 s.
5.4.2 Protection against electric shocks
5.4.2.1 Type test
The determination of accessible parts of the voltage detector shall be made in accordance
with 6.2 of IEC 61010-1.
The voltage detector shall be wetted according to the test procedure of IEC 60529
corresponding to the protection degree declared by the manufacturer (see 4.4.3 and 4.5.2).
Immediately after wetting, the voltage detector shall be thoroughly dried.
An electrically conductive covering shall be placed around all the accessible parts behind the
hand guard in such a way to be in close contact with them. The position of the conductive
covering shall not lead to flashover or breakdown of the test set-up.
One pole of the test voltage source shall be connected with the contact electrodes of the
voltage detector gathered together, and the other pole shall be connected to the conductive
covering through an ammeter connected in series.
The leakage current shall be measured continuously during the application of the test voltage.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 43 –
The voltage to be considered shall be either:
– 1,2 times the maximum a.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector divided by 3 , or
– 1,2 times the maximum d.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector.
The test voltage shall be applied for at least 5 s.
The test shall be considered as passed, if no flashover or breakdown occurs and if the
leakage current values remain within the limits specified in 4.3.2.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the protection against electric
shocks.
5.4.3 Current limiting elements
It shall be verified by inspection of the circuit diagram the presence of impedance to limit the
current flowing through the part of the electric circuit involved in the detection function of the
voltage detector.
It shall be verified by inspection of the circuit diagram the absence of fuses. If fuses are
present it shall be verified they are used for the continuity check function only.
5.4.4 Minimum clearance and creepage distances
The clearance and creepage distances shall be verified by inspection and measurement
according to 4.3.4. The methods to measure creepage and clearance distances are given in
6.2 of IEC 60664-1:2007.
The current limiting element and current limiting circuit shall fulfil the requirements of basic
insulation for creepage and clearance.
When switches for temporary loading are used in the detecting circuit, creepage and
clearance of the contact separation shall fulfil the requirements for basic insulation.
Examples of clearance and creepage distances to be considered are illustrated in Figure 1.
5.4.5 Protection against electrical stresses
5.4.5.1 Protection against transient overvoltages
A composite test (combination of an impulse voltage test associated with an impulse current
test) shall be performed on the voltage detector in order to check the performance of its
voltage limiting devices.
A hybrid impulse generator shall generate a standard impulse in accordance with IEC 61180-1
(the open-circuit output voltage has a virtual front time of 1,2 µs and a virtual time to half-
value of 50 µs; the short-circuit output current has a virtual front time of 8 µs and a virtual
time to half-value of 20 µs). The virtual impulse generator impedance (ratio between the peak
open-circuit output voltage and peak short-circuit current) shall be 2 Ω.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 44 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
Ten impulses of each polarity, spaced up to 1 min apart, shall be applied between the contact
electrodes of the voltage detector. The peak value of the open-circuit output voltage of the
impulse generator shall be according to Table 2 for the corresponding rated voltage of the
voltage detector and its overvoltage category.
The test shall be considered as passed if after the application of the 20 impulses, the
serviceability of the voltage detector including the ELV limit indication is not impaired.
5.4.5.2 Protection against temporary overvoltages
With reference to IEC 61180-1 and IEC 61180-2, a temporary short term a.c. overvoltage test
shall be performed. According to IEC 60664-1, the test voltage shall be the phase to earth
voltage corresponding to the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage detector + 1 200 V and
shall be applied during 1 s between the contact electrodes. The power source for the test
shall have an output of not less than 5 kVA. For voltage detectors with more than one nominal
voltage or with a nominal voltage range(s), the phase to earth voltage shall be derived from
the highest nominal voltage.
The test shall be considered as passed if there is no phenomenon which could cause a
danger to the user (e.g. electric shock, explosion, flames outside).
The serviceability of the voltage detector may be impaired.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the performance against
electrical stresses.
5.4.6 Lead(s)
The adequacy of the voltage rating of the leads is covered by the tests of 5.4.1.
5.4.7 Probe(s)
The adequacy of the voltage rating of the probes is covered by the tests of 5.4.1. Additionally
the double insulation or reinforced insulation characteristics of the probe shall be verified by
visual verification and measurement (see Figure 1b).
5.4.8 Connector(s)
The adequacy of the voltage rating of the connectors is covered by the tests of 5.4.1.
Additionally it shall be checked, in accordance with 6.2 of IEC 61010-1 that in unmated
position (if any) hazardous live parts of the connector are not accessible in accordance with
elements c)i) of 6.4.1 of IEC 61010-031:2002.
5.4.9 Switches for temporary loading (if any)
5.4.9.1 Type test
The switches for temporary loading shall be submitted to a current and voltage equal to the
values determined by the circuit incorporated in the voltage detector.
1 000 switch operations shall be performed at

BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 45 –
– 1,2 time the maximum a.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector, or
– 1,2 time the maximum d.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector.
For an a.c./d.c. voltage detector, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage but with
500 operations each.
The operation rate shall not exceed 35 operations per minute.
The test shall be considered as passed if the measured load- and no-load currents do not
vary by more than 10 % between the beginning and the end of the test. The current needs not
be measured after each operation.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the reliability of the switches
used for temporary loading.
5.5 Tests for mechanical requirements
5.5.1 Design
The design of the voltage detector shall be verified by inspection according to 4.4.1.
5.5.2 Dimensions, construction
The construction and dimensions of the voltage detector shall be verified by inspection
according to 4.4.2.
5.5.3 Degree of protection provided by enclosures
5.5.3.1 Type test
The voltage detector shall be tested according to IEC 60529 for the degree of protection
declared by the manufacturer (see 4.4.3 and 4.5.2).
The test shall be considered as passed if the serviceability of the voltage detector including
the ELV limit indication is not impaired even if dust or water is found. Limitations given by
IEC 60529 shall be considered.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the degree of protection
provided by the enclosures.
5.5.4 Vibration resistance
5.5.4.1 Type test
The test method shall be in accordance with IEC 60068-2-6.

BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 46 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
The voltage detector shall be fastened to the vibrator by rigid intermediate parts which shall
not affect the test results. The voltage detector shall be submitted to sinusoidal rectilinear
vibrations in three rectangular perpendicular directions, one of which corresponds to the long
axis of the voltage detector. The sweep (run of the specified frequency range once in each
direction) shall be continuous and the sweeping rate shall be of approximately 1 octave/min.
The frequency range shall be from 10 Hz to 150 Hz.
The amplitude and acceleration shall be as follows:
– 0,15 mm peak value between 10 Hz and 58 Hz;

– 19,6 m/s 2 (2 g) peak value between 58 Hz and 150 Hz.
The duration of tests shall be 2 h in each direction.
The test shall be considered as passed if the serviceability of the voltage detector is not
impaired and the voltage detector shows no changes of its safety for further use.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the vibration resistance.
5.5.5 Drop resistance
5.5.5.1 Type test
Prior to the following mechanical drop test, the voltage detector shall be placed in a room at
the lower temperature of its climatic category for at least 2 h. The test shall be carried out
within 3 min after the withdrawal of the voltage detector from the climatic room.
The test shall be performed in accordance with free-fall-procedure 1 of IEC 60068-2-31 with
the following parameters:
– the test surface shall be concrete or steel. It shall be smooth, hard, and rigid;
– the height of fall shall be not less than 1 m;
– the voltage detector shall be dropped from horizontal and vertical rest positions. For the
vertical position, the contact electrodes shall be downward;
– the number of falls shall be one per position.
impaired and the voltage detector shows no changes of its safety for further use even if the
contact electrodes are bent, but not destroyed.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the drop resistance.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 47 –
5.5.6 Shock resistance
5.5.6.1 Type test
Prior to the following mechanical shock test, the voltage detector shall be placed in a room at
the lower temperature of its climatic category for at least 2 h. The test shall be carried out
within 3 min after the withdrawal of the voltage detector from the climatic room.
The voltage detector shall be held firmly against a rigid support and tested with the pendulum
hammer specified in Clause 4 of IEC 60068-2-75:1997.
The impact locations shall be identified as all external parts which are accessible in normal
use and which would be likely to cause a hazard if broken.
Three blows with energy of 1 J shall be applied to each identified impact location.
impaired and the voltage detector shows no changes of its safety for further use.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the shock resistance.
5.5.7 Possible disassembling
It shall be checked by inspection that the requirements of 4.4.7 are fulfilled.
5.5.8 Surface temperature
5.5.8.1 Type test
The voltage detector shall be placed in a test room with no forced air convection. The voltage
detector shall be thermally isolated from any surface acting as a heat sink (ex: metallic plate).
For normal condition, the voltage detector shall be submitted to 10 sequences of the specified
time rating and recovery time for the most severe voltage in normal operation and under the
maximum ambient temperature of its climatic category. For single fault condition, the voltage
detector shall be submitted to the most severe voltage during the time rating declared by the
manufacturer.
Handling and working conditions shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
for use. The temperature shall be measured when steady state has been reached. The
temperature shall always be measured, immediately after disconnection, at the hottest point
on all surfaces located behind the hand guards.
The hottest point may be located and its temperature estimated using an infrared measuring
device. For recording the hottest surface temperature, an appropriate thermocouple sensor
(type and size) shall be used. In case the estimated temperature is more than 10 °C below the
maximum permissible surface temperature, the record can be omitted.
The test shall be considered as passed if no points exceed the temperature limits given in
Table 6.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 48 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
Table 6 – Maximum permissible surface temperatures
Maximum temperature of surfaces

°C
Climatic category N Climatic category S
Metallic surfaces in normal 60 75
condition
Non-metallic surfaces in 75 90
normal condition
All surfaces in single fault 110 125
condition
NOTE The maximum temperature can be determined by measuring the temperature rise under reference
temperature test conditions and adding this rise to 45 °C for voltage detectors of category N or 60 °C for voltage
detectors of category S.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the heating of the easily
touched surfaces.
5.5.9 Heat resistance
5.5.9.1 Type test
Insulating parts of the probes and enclosures adjacent to points specially exposed to thermal
stress, excluding leads and soft enclosures, shall fulfil the ball pressure test according to
IEC 60695-10-2 at a temperature of 80 °C and with the following deviation.
When the radius of curvature at the test point is ≤10 mm, a rod with a diameter of 4 mm and a
length of 30 mm shall be used instead of the standard ball, but with the same load as
specified in 4.1 of IEC 60695-10-2:2003. The rod shall be applied at right angles to the test
surface.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document material(s) that could affect the heat resistance of the
enclosures.
5.5.10 Probes
5.5.10.1 Design and dimensions
The design and dimensions required by 4.4.2 (see Figure 2) shall be verified by visual
verification and measurement.
5.5.10.2 Mechanical tests
Resistance to vibration, drop, shock, and resistance to heat for probes (which are considered
as a part of the voltage detector), are respectively covered by 5.5.4, 5.5.5, 5.5.6 and 5.5.9.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 49 –
5.5.10.3 Close adhesion of insulation of the insulated part of the contact electrode
(when provided)
5.5.10.3.1 Type test
This test shall be carried out with a test apparatus according to Figure 8. The penetration
depth s of the cutting edges of the test apparatus shall be as small as possible and shall not
be greater than half the thickness t of the insulating covering. Distance a between the outlet
point of the contact electrode from the enclosure (or the end of the shroud) and the engaging
part of the cutting edges shall not be more than 10 mm.
The force F (measured in N) shall be 35 times the diameter (measured in millimetres) of the
non-insulated part of the contact electrode. The force shall be exerted for 1 min in the axial
direction.
The test shall be considered as passed if the insulation covering has not peeled from the
enclosure or from the contact electrode.
Detail A
Section B-B
IEC
Key
S adjusting device
Figure 8 – Test set-up for close adhesion of insulation of the

insulated part of the contact electrode
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 50 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the close adhesion of the
insulation.
5.5.11 Lead(s)
5.5.11.1 Type test
5.5.11.1.1 Visual and dimensional check
It shall be checked by inspection and measurement that the dimensional requirements of

4.4.11 are fulfilled.
In the case of detachable leads, it shall be checked visually that the connection to the
indicator consists of a female connector in accordance with 4.4.11.
5.5.11.1.2 Tensile test (for detachable lead only)
Each detachable lead shall be connected for its intended purpose in such a position that no
bending force is applied to the lead or the connector when the test force is applied.
A tensile force up to 10 N shall be gradually applied to the free end of the lead, without
jerking, and shall be maintained for 1 min.
The test shall be considered as passed if the lead has not been displaced from its connecting
point by more than 2 mm.
5.5.11.1.3 Pull relief test
The probe or the connector shall be fastened in a position such that the lead hangs vertically
downwards. The electrical conductor of the lead shall be detached from the connecting point
in the probe or the connector in a way that the pull relief depends only on the core insulation.
The lead shall be marked with a reference line so that it can be observed whether it has
moved during the test.
The free end of the lead shall be loaded and unloaded 50 times with 1 period/s with a force of
60 N.
The test shall be considered as passed if the reference line on the lead has moved by less
than 2 mm.
5.5.11.1.4 Lead attachment – Pull test
The tests according to 6.7.4.1 of IEC 61010-031:2002 apply.
The test shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 6.7.4 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and
IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008 are fulfilled.
5.5.11.1.5 Flexing/pull test
The tests according to 6.7.4.2 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008

apply.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 51 –
The test shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 6.7.4 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and
IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008 are fulfilled. The socket guard (if any), shall not separate
from the body, and the insulation of the lead shall show no sign of abrasion or wear.
5.5.11.1.6 Rotational/flexing test
The tests according to 6.7.4.3 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008

apply.
The test shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 6.7.4 of IEC 61010-031 and
5.5.11.1.7 Wear test
The wearing of the insulating material of the leads shall be checked by performing the test
specified in 6.7.5 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008.
The test shall be considered as passed if the sanctions of 6.7.4 of IEC 61010-031 and

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the mechanical performance
of the lead.
5.6 Marking
5.6.1 Visual inspection and measurement
5.6.1.1 Type test
The marking required in 4.5 shall be verified by visual inspection and measurement.
5.6.1.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the

production phase
At the production level, it is only needed to check for the presence of all the items of marking
by visual inspection.
5.6.2 Durability of marking
The durability of marking shall be checked by rubbing successively with a rag soaked in water
for at least 1 min then with another rag soaked in isopropanol (CH3 -CH(OH)-CH3 ) for another
1 min. It is the employer’s duty to ensure that any relevant legislation and any specific safety
instructions regarding the use of isopropanol are fully observed
The test shall be considered as passed if the markings remain legible and the letters do not
smear.
The surface of the voltage detector may change. No sign of loosening shall be present for
labels.
Marking produced by an engraving or moulding process shall be deemed to comply without

test.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 52 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
5.7 Instructions for use
5.7.1 Type test
A visual check shall be performed to verify that all the requirements of 4.6 are fulfilled.
5.7.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the production
phase
At the production level, it is only needed to check for the availability of the instructions for
use.
5.8 Tests for reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working
5.8.1 AC/DC voltage misuse
Voltage detectors designed for a.c. and d.c. voltages shall not be submitted to test.
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector designed for exclusive use on d.c. shall be
connected to an a.c. voltage source. The voltage shall be increased until reaching the a.c.
ELV voltage value (50 V).
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector designed for exclusive use on a.c. shall be
connected to a d.c. voltage source. The voltage shall be increased until reaching the d.c. ELV
voltage value (120 V).
The test shall be considered as passed if, in both cases, at least, the ELV indication of the
voltage detector appears.
5.8.2 Maximum current to earth in case of misuse
5.8.2.1 Type test
This test does not apply to voltage detectors having additional protective means for avoiding
hazardous inadvertent access to the contact electrodes as specified in 4.7.2.
For voltage detectors without these additional protective means, this test shall be performed
unless it can be shown by examination or calculation that the current satisfies the requirement
of 4.7.2.
The test equipment shall consist of a voltage source in series with a current recording device,
both of them in parallel with a voltmeter.
The voltage detector shall be connected to the test equipment and the current shall be
measured and shall be recorded during the specified time rating while the test voltage is
applied to the voltage detector.
The test voltage to be considered shall be either:
• the maximum a.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector divided by 3 , or

• the maximum d.c. nominal voltage of the voltage detector.
If based on the design of the voltage detector a higher current can be expected for voltages
lower than the values above, additional test(s) shall be carried out at the most unfavorable
nominal voltage(s) of the voltage range.
For voltage detectors with a maximum nominal frequency higher than 60 Hz, the test shall
also be carried out at the maximum nominal frequency.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 53 –
For a.c./d.c. voltage detectors, the test shall be performed for each type of voltage.
The test shall be considered as passed if the requirements of 4.7.2 are fulfilled.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could affect the current to earth in case of
misuse.
5.8.3 Misuse in case of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage network
5.8.3.1 Type test
The test current source shall be so dimensioned that the voltage falls by not more than 10 %
at a load of 5 A.
An a.c. and/or d.c. voltage of 1,2 times the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage detector
but not less than 1 000 V shall be applied to the voltage detector for its time rating.
The test shall be considered as passed when no phenomenon occurs which could cause a
danger to the user (e.g. explosion, flames outside).
The serviceability of the voltage detector may be impaired.

production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could impair the voltage detector in case
of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage network.
6 Conformity testing
For leading the conformity testing during the production phase, IEC 61318 shall be used in
conjunction with the present standard.
Annex E, issued of a risk analysis on the performance of the voltage detector, provides the
classification of defects and identifies the associated tests applicable in case of production
follow-up.
7 Modifications
Any change of design or material that affects performance of the voltage detectors shall
require the type tests to be repeated, in whole or in part, as well as a change in the reference
literature.
Annex A
(informative)
Differences with IEC 61010 series
NOTE The comparison has been established using IEC 61010-1(2001) and IEC 61010-031:2002 plus IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008.
A.1 Existing requirements and tests but with different sanctions or pass test criteria
Requirement/test This standard IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-031

Protection against electric shock The criterion for admissible limits on accessible parts is the leakage There is a first criterion on voltage and additional criteria on current and
current between an accessible part and a reference to earth (in normal energy between an accessible part and a reference to earth (in normal
condition and in single fault condition). condition and in single fault condition). The additional criteria apply only
if the voltage criteria is exceeded.
The test circuit does not include resistance other than the internal The test circuit includes a resistance of 2 kΩ to simulate the body
resistance of the ammeter. resistance. A voltage across this resistance is measured.
– 54 –
In normal condition In normal condition

The current limit is 0,5 mA r.m.s. or 2 mA d.c whatever the voltage. For voltages below 33 V r.m.s, or 70 V d.c., there is no limit of leakage
current.
(with a measuring resistance of 2 k Ω , it corresponds to 16,5 mA r.m.s or
35 mA d.c.)
For voltages above 33 V r.m.s, or 70 V d.c., the current limit is 0,5 mA
r.m.s. or 2 mA d.c.
In single fault condition
The current limit is 3,5 mA r.m.s. or 10 mA d.c whatever is the voltage. In single fault condition
For voltages below 55 V r.m.s, or 140 V d.c. there is no limit of leakage
current.
More severe
(with a measuring resistance of 2 k Ω , it corresponds to 27,5 mA r.m.s or
70 mA d.c.)
For voltages above, the current limit is 3,5 mA r.m.s. or 15 mA d.c.
Clearance distances Tables 2 and 3 clearly specify that the given clearances are minimum This clarification is not included in the tables.
values.
For reinforced insulation, the values are twice the values for basic
insulation.
For reinforced insulation, the minimum clearances are dimensioned as
specified in Table F.2 of IEC 60664-1:2007 corresponding to the rated
impulse voltage but “one step higher in the preferred series of values More severe in some cases
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
BS EN 61243-3:2014
in 4.2.3 [of IEC 60664-1].”

Creepage distances Table F.4 of IEC 60664-1:2007 clearly specifies that the given This clarification is not included in the tables.
creepage distances are minimum values.
Creepage distances for basic and supplementary insulation shall be in For glass, ceramics, or other inorganic insulating materials which do not
accordance with Table F.4 of IEC 60664-1:2007 whatever the material track, creepage distances need not be greater than their associated
is. clearance.
More severe
Insulating material –
BS EN 61243-3:2014
96 h without recovery period before electric test 48 h with 2 h of recovery.

Conditioning of the tested device
More severe
Insulating material –
Impulse tests (5 impulses of each polarity) 3 cycles a.c.(or three times 10 ms d.c.) or impulse (three of each
Testing conditions
and 3 min a.c. test polarity)
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
More severe and 5 s test
Mechanical resistance of Resistance to heat of 5.5.9 (Out of sequence test) 10.5.2 of IEC 61010-1 and 10.2 of IEC 61010-031:2002
equipment to shock and impact A static rigidity test is always performed at 80 °C on the insulating Resistance to heat
parts of probes and enclosures. The resistance to heat of non-metallic material of the probe assembly
and enclosure is checked by performing a heat treatment before
The test procedure is according to IEC 60695-10-2 (20 N with a ball of subjecting the test object to dielectric strength (for the probe assembly)
5 mm diameter) or other system when the radius of curvature of the test and to relevant mechanical tests.
test point is smaller than or equal to 10 mm.
The maximum permissible deformation is specified in IEC 60695-10-2. Static rigidity test of 8.1.1 of IEC 61010-1 and 8.1 of IEC 61010-
– 55 –
031:2002.
The test procedure is different (30 N in IEC 61010-1 and 20 N in
Shock resistance of 5.5.6 on voltage detector and probes IEC 61010-031, with a hemispherical end rod of 12 mm diameter). The
test sanction is not precise in terms of deformation of the parts.
Drop resistance 5.5.5
One vertical and one horizontal drop of 1 m height minimum on a Impact (shock) tests of 8.1.2 of IEC 61010-1
concrete or steel surface. (Reference to IEC 60068-2-31 conditions).
The voltage detector (including the probes) is cooled down to the lower Corner drop test for hand-held equipment of 8.2.2 of IEC 61010-1.
rated temperature for at least 2 h and tested within 3 min. One drop of 1 m height on a hardwood surface. The equipment is cooled
down to the lower rated temperature (for a time not specified) and tested
within 10 min.
Protection provided by To avoid pollution and water ingress, the degree of protection of all the Protection by enclosures is considered in the marking but no minimum
enclosures enclosures of the voltage detector shall meet at least the requirements degree is required and the testing conditions are not specified.
for IP54 for category 2 equipment (see IEC 60529) except the
following:
- for leads that can be disconnected, the disconnect points shall have
a degree of protection of at least IP2X (see 4.4.11);
- when existing, mechanical active parts of a probe located in front of
the hand guard (e;g; cursor, sliding shroud, covers, etc.) shall have a
degree of protection of at least IP2X.
More severe
Durability of marking
Checked by rubbing with water during 1 min and with isopropanol for Checked by rubbing with the specified cleaning agent during 30 s (or if
an additional 1 min. not specified, with isopropanol).
May be more severe.
A.2 List of requirements of IEC 61010 series not included in this standard, with rationale
IEC 61010-1
Requirements Subclause Rationale
ELV limit indication The debate about the ELV concept is still pending from TC 109; consequently the Advisory Committee on Safety
(ACOS) recommends that the ELV values in the current edition (conventional limit of 50 V a.c./120 V d.c.) of
IEC 61243-3 be retained.
Voltage levels in normal The debate about the ELV concept is still pending from TC 109 (see above).
6.3.1 a)
condition
Levels of capacitive charge or This concept doesn’t pertain to voltage detectors.
6.3.1 c)
energy in normal condition
Voltage levels in single fault The debate about the ELV concept is still pending from TC 109 (see above).
6.3.2 a)
condition
Levels of capacitance This concept doesn’t pertain to voltage detectors.
– 56 –
6.3.2 c)
Detecting circuits Replaced by 4.3.5 of this standard and the tests of 5.4.5 of this standard based on IEC 60664-1 requirements. The
6.7.4
inputs of the detecting circuits of the voltage detector are submitted to transients and temporary overvoltages for
simulating the electric stresses encountered in the field.
IEC 61010-031
Requirements (Sub)clause Rationale
Protection against the spread of Consideration of flame and explosion due to a short-circuit is specifically and differently treated through 5.4.5.2 of this
9
fire standard (Protection against temporary overvoltages) and 5.8.3 of this standard (Misuse in case of mistaking of the
voltage of the low voltage network).
Probe tips for category III and IV The length of the conductive parts of the probe tips may exceed the values of 13.2 of IEC 61010-031:2002 and
13.2
IEC 61010-031:2002/AMD1:2008. Most of the low voltage boards and panels to be checked are IP2X designed. Such
designs require long tip electrodes for being sure that effective contacts are achieved.
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
BS EN 61243-3:2014
A.3 Additional requirements of this standard, related to safety and functional safety of voltage detectors, with rationale
Requirements Subclause of this

Rationale
of this standard standard
Electromagnetic compatibility For functional safety, the voltage detector shall not indicate incorrectly because of electromagnetic field interference.
4.1.3
(EMC)
For functional safety, voltage detectors shall be marked with their internal impedance and (if relevant) their ability to
BS EN 61243-3:2014
Clear indication of the operating 4.2.1.1

distinguish an operating voltage from an interference voltage
voltage
ELV indication For the safety of the live workers, they shall be warned at any time of the presence, on parts under test, of the limit (ELV)
4.2.1.2
values of hazardous touch voltage.
For the safety of the live workers, voltage detectors having the ELV indication powered by internal energy source shall
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
provide the ELV limit indication even when the internal energy source is exhausted.
Continuous indication For functional safety, for avoiding any incorrect diagnostic on the status of the voltage, voltage detector are intended to be
4.2.1.3
used in direct contact and the voltage detector should not indicate as “voltage present”, usual values of interference voltage
and shall not be affected by adjacent live part.
Clear perceptibility For functional safety, the correct status of the operating voltage shall be indicated and shall be clearly perceptible under
4.2.2
normal light and noise conditions
Temperature and humidity For functional safety, the clear indication and clear perceptibility of the operating voltage shall be assured within the
4.2.3
dependence of the indication temperature and humidity conditions of its climatic category.
Frequency dependency / Ripple For functional safety, the clear indication and clear perceptibility of the operating voltage, shall not suffered of a frequency
– 57 –
4.2.4 and 4.2.5

dependency shift (a.c.) or of the presence of a ripple factor (d.c.) representative of normal operating conditions of a a.c. or d.c. network.
Response time For functional safety, the voltage detector shall indicate rapidly the status and any change of the status of the operating
4.2.6
voltage to not mistake the live worker on the status of the installation.
Power source dependability For functional safety, when using a voltage detector with internal energy source, live workers need to rely on the indication to
4.2.7
not be affected by a low battery level.
Testing element For functional safety, live workers need to check the correct functioning of the voltage detector before and after use.
4.2.8
Protection against electric The inputs of the detecting circuit of the voltage detector are submitted to transients and temporary overvoltages for
4.3.5
stresses simulating the electric stresses encountered in the field.
Resistance to vibration For safety and functional safety, the whole voltage detector (including the probes) shall withstand vibration stresses
4.4.4
representative of transportation conditions.
Possible disassembling For functional safety, for avoiding any change on the setting of the voltage detector, the user shall not have access to
4.4.7
internal circuitry and setting.
Tensile stress For the safety of the worker, the detachable lead shall not come out of its terminal point under normal working stresses.
4.4.11
Close adhesion of insulation of For the safety of the live workers and the safety of the installation, the insulation over the contact electrodes shall resist to
4.4.10
the insulated part of the contact the cutting force with sharp pieces encountered in the working environment.
electrode (when provided)
Requirements Subclause of this
Rationale
of this standard standard
Pull/relief stress on the lead For functional safety, the insulation of the lead shall not elongate too much under tensile stress (elongation of the insulation
4.4.11
insulation would apply additional stress on the conductor which could break and open the indicating circuit).
For the safety of the live workers, the voltage detectors designed only for d.c or a.c systems shall indicate the ELV limits in
AC/DC voltage misuse 4.7.1
case of use on wrong network (d.c.instead a.c or a.c instead d.c.).
Protective means for avoiding For the safety of the live workers, voltage detectors having a current to earth exceeding safety values shall be equipped of
4.7.2
inadvertent access to the contact protection means (ex: IP2X arrangement or simultaneous use of two switches).
electrodes
Misuse in case of mistaking of For the safety of the live workers, the voltage detectors shall remain safe in the event of use on low voltage networks
4.7.3
the voltage of the low voltage exceeding the nominal voltage for which it has been designed.
network
– 58 –
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
BS EN 61243-3:2014
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 59 –
Annex B
(normative)
Supplementary functions:
Phase indication – Rotating field indication –
Continuity check
B.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this annex, the following terms and definitions apply.
B.1.1
phase indication
function of a voltage detector which indicates the phase of a live system
B.1.2
accessible electrode
single conductive part of a voltage detector designed to be touched by the finger of the hand
in order to activate a supplementary function (e.g.: phase indication)
B.1.3
rotating field indication
function of a voltage detector which indicates the phase sequence of a three phase live
system
B.1.4
continuity check
function of a voltage detector which determines whether an electrical circuit is continuous
B.2 General requirements for the supplementary functions
B.2.1 Safety and performance of the voltage detector
The supplementary functions covered in this annex shall not impair the performance and the
safe functioning of the voltage detector.
B.2.2 Indication
Supplementary function(s) shall give a clear visual and/or audible indication.
B.2.3 Indication only in contact with bare part
Supplementary function(s) shall give a clear indication only in case of positive contact with a
bare live part.
B.2.4 Temperature rise
The design and construction of the supplementary functions shall be such that when used as
specified by the manufacturer, the temperature rises fulfil the requirements of 4.4.8.
B.2.5 Instructions for use
Each voltage detector with supplementary function(s) shall be accompanied by the

manufacturer's instructions for use relevant to the supplementary function(s). These
instructions shall be prepared in accordance with the general provisions given in IEC 61477.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 60 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
They shall at least include the explanation of the indication, the maximum response time and
the normal position of use.
B.3 General tests for the supplementary functions
B.3.1 Safety and performance of the voltage detector
B.3.1.1 Type test
An a.c. and/or d.c. voltage of 1,2 times the maximum nominal voltage of the voltage detector,
but not less than 1 000 V, shall be applied to the voltage detector. The test circuit shall be
capable of delivering not less than 5 kVA.
Each supplementary function shall be activated, one at a time while applying the test voltage.
The test shall be considered as passed if the voltage detector still indicates (at least ELV) and
no phenomenon occurs which could cause a danger to the user (e.g. explosion, flames
outside).
B.3.1.2 Alternative means in case of voltage detectors with supplementary

function(s) having completed the production phase
The manufacturer shall document components that could impair the performance and safe
functioning of the voltage detector in case a supplementary function is being activated.
B.3.2 Indication
The requirement for indication shall be checked by inspection. This inspection shall verify the
nature of the signal (visual and/or audible) when operative conditions of each supplementary
function are met.
B.3.3 Indication only in contact with bare part
For each supplementary function, the requirement of B.2.3 shall be checked by performing the
tests of 5.3.1.3.1 respective of the operative conditions of each supplementary function.
The test shall be carried out at the maximum nominal voltage declared by the manufacturer.
When only one contact electrode is needed for the operation (e.g.: for phase indication), the
voltage shall be applied between a resistance of 10 MΩ connected in series with the contact
electrode, and either the accessible electrode (when available) or a conductive covering
placed around the hand held probe.
B.3.4 Temperature rise test
For each supplementary function, the requirements of B.2.4 shall be checked by performing
the tests of 5.5.8.
B.3.5 Instructions for use
B.3.5.1 Type test
It shall be checked by visual inspection that the requirements of B.2.5 are fulfilled.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 61 –
B.3.5.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors with supplementary function(s)

At the production level, it is only needed to check for the availability of the instructions for
use.
B.4 Phase indication with or without the use of accessible electrode
B.4.1 General
This clause of Annex B covers a phase indication method (either capacitive or resistive)
requiring that one contact electrode of the device make positive contact with an exposed
conductor of the component, system or installation under test.
This method alone is unable to confirm that no voltage is present.
B.4.2 Additional requirements
B.4.2.1 Functional requirements
The device shall give a clear indication when the conductor to be identified is a phase
conductor.
The visual indication (if any) shall be clearly visible to the user in the operating position and
under normal light conditions. The audible indication (if any) shall be clearly audible to the
user in the operating position and under normal noise conditions.
NOTE While one contact electrode is connected to the conductor to be identified, the phase indication circuit is
connected electrically to the earth either by the worker touching the indicator casing or touching the accessible
electrode when provided.
B.4.2.2 Protection against electric shocks (when an accessible electrode is

provided)
When a voltage detector having a phase indication supplementary function is provided with an
accessible electrode for identification of phase conductors, the internal current limiting
impedance connected in series with the accessible electrode shall consist of at least two
limiting elements or one high integrity element (see Figure 1a).
The accessible electrode is an accessible part of the voltage detector according to 6.2 of
IEC 61010-1 and is included in the test for electric shock of 5.4.2.1.
B.4.3 Additional tests
B.4.3.1 Clear indication and clear perceptibility
B.4.3.1.1 Type test
The lower value of the nominal voltage declared by the manufacturer (in accordance with its
instruction for use) shall be applied between a resistance of 10 MΩ connected in series with
the contact electrode, and either the accessible electrode (when available) or a conductive
covering placed around the hand held probe.
The signal for indicating the phase conductor shall appear.
The clear perceptibility of the visual indication (if any) shall be checked by performing the test
of 5.3.2.1 with an ambient illumination reduced to 350 lx.
The clear perceptibility of the audible indication (if any) shall fulfil the test of 5.3.3.1.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 62 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
B.4.3.1.2 Alternative tests for clear perceptibility in case of voltage detectors with
phase indication having completed the production phase
For the clear perceptibility of the visual indication (if any), the alternative test consists of
comparing the perceptibility of the visual indication of a voltage detector with phase indication
having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector with phase indication
which has passed successfully the type test according to B.4.3.1.1 (reference voltage detector
with phase indication).
For the clear perceptibility of the audible indication (if any), the alternative test consists of
comparing the perceptibility of the audible indication of a voltage detector with phase
indication having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector with phase
indication which has passed successfully the type test according to B.4.3.1.1 (reference
voltage detector with phase indication).
B.4.3.2 Protection against electric shocks (when an accessible electrode is

provided)
It shall be proved by inspection that the internal current limiting impedance fulfil the
requirement of the first paragraph of B.4.2.2.
B.5 Rotating field indication
The voltage detector with this supplementary function may require the use of supplementary
probe and lead for connection to a phase or to earth and one crocodile clip. The crocodile clip
(if any) shall comply with IEC 61010-031.
The rotating field indication shall comply with IEC 61557-7, with the following deviations:
– Subclause 4.5 of IEC 61557-7:2007 – the probe(s) shall have a protective means as
described in 4.7.2 each time the current to earth exceeds 3,5 mA r.m.s.
– Subclauses 4.3 and 6.6 of IEC 61557-7:2007 – the duration of the operation shall be
limited in accordance with 4.2.9.
B.5.2.1 Type tests
The fulfilment of IEC 61557-7 shall be checked for the nominal voltages (or nominal voltage
range) for which the function is designed as declared by the manufacturer considering the
deviations mentioned in B.5.1.
Crocodile clips shall be tested according to IEC 61010-031.
B.5.2.2 Additional means in case of voltage detectors with rotating field indication
The manufacturer shall document components that could compromise the conformity to
IEC 61557-7 with the specified deviations.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 63 –
B.6 Continuity check
B.6.1.1 Functional requirements
The voltage detector with this supplementary function shall clearly indicate any resistance
value in the external part of the circuit below the value R declared by the manufacturer.
The visual indication (if any) shall be clearly visible to the user in the operating position and
under normal light conditions. The audible indication (if any) shall be clearly audible to the
user in the operating position and under normal noise conditions.
B.6.1.2 Additional marking
A voltage detector with a continuity check function shall be marked with the declared value R
with a minimum height of letter of 1 mm.
B.6.2.1 Clear indication
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector shall be connected to a variable resistance
whose value is increased steadily from 0 Ω to the value of 2R Ω. The value of the resistance
at which the change of state of the indication takes place shall be noted.
The value of the resistance shall then be reduced steadily from 2R Ω to 0 Ω and once again
the value of resistance at which the change of state of the indication takes place shall be
noted. A value of R lower than 100 Ω is recommended.
The test shall be considered as passed if the change of state of the indication, when both
increasing and decreasing the external resistance, occurs between 1 R, and 1,5 R.
B.6.2.2 Clear perceptibility of the indication
B.6.2.2.1 Type test
The contact electrodes of the voltage detector shall be connected to a resistance lower than R
in order to have the clear indication.
The clear perceptibility of the visual indication (if any) shall be checked by performing the test
of 5.3.2.1 with an ambient illumination reduced to 350 lx.
The clear perceptibility of the audible indication (if any) shall be checked by performing the
test of 5.3.3.1 with the minimum level reduced to 53 dB for continuous sound and to 50 dB for
intermittent sound.
B.6.2.2.2 Alternative tests for clear perceptibility in case of voltage detectors with
continuity check having completed the production phase
For the clear perceptibility of the visual indication (if any), the alternative test consists of
comparing the perceptibility of the visual indication of a voltage detector with continuity check
having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector with continuity check
which has passed successfully the type test according to B.6.2.2.1 (reference voltage detector
with continuity check).
For the clear perceptibility of the audible indication (if any), the alternative test consists of
comparing the perceptibility of the audible indication of a voltage detector with continuity
check having completed the production phase to the one of a voltage detector with continuity
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 64 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
check which has passed successfully the type test according to B.6.2.2.1 (reference voltage
detector with continuity check).
B.6.2.3 Check of additional marking
B.6.2.3.1 Type test
The marking required by B.6.1.2 shall be verified by visual inspection and measurement.
B.6.2.3.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors with continuity check

At the production level, it is only required to check for the presence of the additional item of
marking by visual inspection.
B.7 Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests
This subclause was developed to address the level of defects related to the supplementary
function(s) of two-pole low voltage detectors having completed the production phase (critical,
major or minor) in a consistent manner (see IEC 61318). For each requirement identified in
Table B.1, both the type of defect and the associated test are specified.
Table B.1 – Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests
Type of defects
Requirements Tests
Critical Major Minor
General
B.2.1 Safe functioning of the voltage
X
detector B.3.1.2
Performance of the voltage detector X
B.2.2 Clear visual and/or audible
X B.3.2
indication
B.2.3 Indication only in contact with bare
X B.3.3
part
B.2.4 Temperature rise X B.3.4
B.2.5 Absence of instructions for use X B.3.5.2
Additional requirements for phase indication
B.4.2.1 Functional
Clear indication X B.4.3.1.1
Clear perceptibility X B.4.3.1.2
B.4.2.2 Protection against electric shocks X B.4.3.2
Additional requirements for rotating field
indication
B.5.1 Compliance of the crocodile clip (if
any) with IEC 61010-031 X
B.5.2.2
Compliance with IEC 61557-7 with
listed deviations X
Additional requirements for continuity check
B.6.1.1 Functional
Clear indication X B.6.2.1
Clear perceptibility X B.6.2.2.2
B.6.1.2 Additional marking X B.6.2.3.2
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 65 –
Annex C
(normative)
Instructions for use
C.1 General
Instructions for use shall be supplied with every voltage detector. It shall contain the minimum
information required for use and maintenance and for the prevention of accidents. The
following explanations and data shall be given.
– Information that the voltage detectors are designed to be used by skilled persons and in
accordance with safe methods of work.
– Information about the functioning of the indicator and significance of the indicating signals.
– Statement indicating the response time, if it exceeds 500 ms.
– Explanations of the items of marking (for example, the specified time rating and recovery
time, the internal impedance, the range of application, the indication of polarity, etc.).
– Statements that the voltages marked on the voltage detector are nominal voltages or
nominal voltage ranges, and that the voltage detector is only to be used on installations
with the specified nominal voltages or nominal voltage ranges.
– The different indicating signals of the voltage detector (including the ELV limit indication)
are not to be used for measuring purposes.
– Before using a voltage detector with audible indicator at locations with a high background
noise level, it has to be determined whether the audible signal is perceptible.
– Instructions for the proper usage of the voltage detector such as:
• the use of a device corresponding to the appropriate climatic category;
• for voltage detectors with replaceable internal energy source, exact type information
on the energy source to be used;
• the voltage detector is not to be used, if the battery box is open.
– Illustration of:
• the normal use position of the voltage detector in order to avoid hiding the visual
indication or covering the sound transmitter;
• the correct handling of the probes in order to not be touching the contact electrodes
during use.
– Statement that the functioning of the voltage detector is to be checked shortly before and
after use by using the testing element. If the indication “not ready” appears or if the
indication of one or more steps fails, or if no functioning is indicated, the voltage detector
is no longer to be used.
– For voltage detectors with a built-in testing element, explanation of the type and
performance of the testing element.
– For voltage detectors without a built-in testing element, information on the availability and
explanation of the type and performance of the suitable separate testing element.
– Statement of the importance to check the state of the replaceable energy source before
use and to replace it if necessary.
– Statement that unauthorized persons are not to be allowed to disassemble the voltage
detector.
– Instruction for storage and care, for example the instruction that detectors have to be kept
dry and clean.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 66 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
C.2 Safety advices
The following safety advices shall be included in the instructions for use.
“SAFETY ADVICES
Depending on the internal impedance of the voltage detector there will be a different
capability of indicating the presence or absence of operating voltage in case of the presence
of interference voltage.
A voltage detector of relatively low internal impedance, compared to the reference value of
100 kΩ, will not indicate all interference voltages having an original voltage value above the
ELV level. When in contact with the parts to be tested, the voltage detector may discharge
temporarily the interference voltage to a level below the ELV, but it will be back to the original
value when the voltage detector is removed.
When the indication “voltage present” does not appear, it is highly recommended installing
earthing equipment before work.
A voltage detector of relatively high internal impedance, compared to the reference value of
100 kΩ, may not permit to clearly indicate the absence of operating voltage in case of
presence of interference voltage.
When the indication “voltage present” appears on a part that is expected to be disconnected
of the installation, it is highly recommended confirming by another means (e.g. use of an
adequate voltage detector, visual check of the disconnecting point of the electric circuit, etc.)
that there is no operating voltage on the part to be tested and to conclude that the voltage
indicated by the voltage detector is an interference voltage.
A voltage detector declaring two values of internal impedance has passed a performance test
of managing interference voltages and is (within technical limits) able to distinguish operating
voltage from interference voltage and has a means to directly or indirectly indicate which type
of voltage is present.”
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 67 –
Annex D
(normative)
General type test procedure
Table D.1 describes the sequential order for performing type tests and Table D.2 describes
type tests out of sequence.
Table D.1 – Sequential order for performing type tests
Sequential
Type test Subclause Requirements
order
4.4.1, Figure 1
1 Construction – Design 5.5.1
and Figure 2
1 Construction – Dimension 5.5.2 4.4.2 and Figure 2
1 Construction – Testing element 5.3.9 4.2.8
1 Construction – Indication 5.2.1 4.1.2
1 Construction – Insulating material 5.4.1.1 4.3.1
1 Construction – Current limiting element 5.4.3 4.3.3
Clear indication – Setting and scale change of threshold
1 5.3.1.1.1 4.2.1.1
voltage
1 Construction – Minimum clearance and creepage distances 5.4.4 4.3.4
1 Construction – Possible disassembling 5.5.7 4.4.7

5.5.10.1
1 Construction – Probe(s) 4.4.10
5.5.10.2
5.6.1.1
1 Marking 4.5
5.6.2
1 Instructions for use 5.7.1 4.6, Annex C
2 Shock resistance 5.5.6.1 4.4.6
2 Drop resistance 5.5.5.1 4.4.5
2 Vibration resistance 5.5.4.1 4.4.4
3 Clear indication – Threshold voltage values 5.3.1.1.2 4.2.1.1
3 Clear indication – ELV indication 5.3.1.2.1 4.2.1.2
3 Clear indication – Continuous indication 5.3.1.4 4.2.1.3
3 Clear indication – Successive indication 5.3.1.5 4.2.1.4
3 5.3.1.3.1
Management of interference voltages at power frequencies 4.2.1.5
5.3.1.4.3.1
4 Clear perceptibility of visual indication 5.3.2.1 4.2.2.1
4 Clear perceptibility of audible indication 5.3.3.1 4.2.2.2
5.3.4.1.1
5 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication 4.2.3
5.3.4.2.1
5.3.5.1.1
6 Frequency dependency for a.c. voltage detector 4.2.4
5.3.5.2.1
5.3.6.1.1
6 Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage detector 4.2.5
5.3.6.2.1
7 Response time 5.3.7.1 4.2.6
8 Time rating 5.3.10.1 4.2.9
8 Surface temperature 5.5.8.1 4.4.8
9 Power source dependability 5.3.8 4.2.7
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 68 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
Sequential
order
9 Accessible switches for temporary loading 5.4.9.1 4.3.9
10 AC/DC voltage misuse 5.8.1 4.7.1
Degree of protection by enclosures (test for the protection
11 5.5.3.1 4.4.3
indicated by the second characteristic numeral)
5.4.2.1, 5.4.6, 4.3.2, 4.3.6,
12 Protection against electric shocks
5.4.7, 5.4.8 4.3.7, 4.3.8
5.4.5.1
13 Protection against electrical stresses 4.3.5
5.4.5.2
Misuse in case of mistaking of the voltage of the low voltage
14 5.8.3.1 4.7.3
network
NOTE Type tests with the same sequential number can be performed in the more convenient order.
Table D.2 – Type tests out of sequence

5.4.1.2.1
Test on the insulation – Test on the complete equipment 5.4.1.2.2 4.3.1
5.4.1.2.3.1
Maximum current to earth in case of misuse 5.8.2.1 4.7.2
Close adhesion of insulation of the insulated part of the contact electrode
5.5.10.3.1 4.4.10
(when provided)
Dimensional check of lead(s) 5.5.11.1.1
Tensile test (for detachable probe only) 5.5.11.1.2
Pull relief test 5.5.11.1.3
Lead attachment – Pull test 5.5.11.1.4 4.4.11
Flexing/pull test 5.5.11.1.5
Rotational/flexing test 5.5.11.1.6
Wear test 5.5.11.1.7
5.2.2.1
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) 4.1.3, 4.2.1.3
5.3.1.3.2
Resistance to heat 5.5.9.1 4.4.9
Degree of protection by enclosure (test for the protection indicated by the
5.5.3.1 4.4.3
first characteristic numeral)
NOTE Type tests can be performed on extra voltage detectors or test pieces where appropriate.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 69 –
Annex E
(normative)
Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests
This annex was developed to address the level of defects of two-pole low voltage detectors
having completed the production phase (critical, major or minor) in a consistent manner (see
IEC 61318). For each requirement identified in Table E.1, both the type of defect and the
associated test are specified.
Table E.1 – Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests
Requirements Type of defects Tests

4.2.1.2 ELV indication/Indication of X 5.3.1.2.1 or 5.3.1.2.2
hazardous voltage
4.2.1.1 Threshold voltage X 5.3.1.1.2
4.2.3 Temperature and humidity X X 5.3.4.1.2
dependence of the indication – (ELV) (Threshold
Threshold voltage and ELV voltage)
Frequency dependency for a.c. X X 5.3.5.1.2
voltage detector– (ELV) (Threshold
4.2.4
Frequency dependency for a.c. X 5.3.5.2.2
voltage detector–
Perceptibility of the indication(s)
Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage X X 5.3.6.1.2
detector– (ELV) (Threshold
4.2.5
Ripple dependency for d.c. voltage X 5.3.6.2.2
detector–
Perceptibility of the indication(s)
4.3.2
4.3.6
Protection against electric shocks X 5.4.2.2
4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.1 Insulating material X 5.4.1.2.3.2
4.7.1 AC/DC voltage misuse X 5.8.1
4.7.2 Maximum current to earth in case of X 5.8.2.2
misuse
Protection against electrical
stresses –
4.3.5 5.4.5.3
Transient overvoltage X
Temporary overvoltage X
4.2.7 Power source dependability X 5.3.8
4.2.6 Response time X 5.3.7.2
4.7.3 Misuse in case of mistaking of the X 5.8.3.2
voltage of the low voltage network
4.1.3 EMC
4.2.1.3 Emission X
5.2.2.2
Immunity (ELV) X
Immunity (Threshold voltage) X
4.4.3 Degree of protection by enclosures X 5.5.3.2
4.2.1.3 Continuous indication – Indication X 5.3.1.4.1
only in contact with bare part
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 70 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
Requirements Type of defects Tests

4.2.1.5 Management of interference X 5.3.1.3.2
voltages at power frequencies
5.3.1.4.3.2 a
4.2.2.1 Perceptibility of the visual indication X 5.3.2.2
4.2.2.2 Perceptibility of the audible X 5.3.3.2
indication
4.2.3 Temperature and humidity X 5.3.4.2.2
dependence – Perceptibility of the
indication(s)
4.2.8 Testing element X 5.3.9
4.2.9 Time rating X 5.3.10.2
4.2.1.4 Successive indication X 5.3.1.5
4.5.1 Marking (Absence of marking) X 5.6.1.2
4.6 Instructions for use (Absence of X 5.7.2
instructions for use)
4.4.4 Vibration resistance X 5.5.4.2
4.4.5 Drop resistance X 5.5.5.2
4.4.6 Shock resistance X 5.5.6.2
4.5.1 Marking (Durability of marking) X 5.6
4.4.8 Surface temperature X 5.5.8.2
Tensile test (for detachable probe
only) X
Pull relief test X
4.4.11 Lead attachment – Pull test X 5.5.11.2
Flexing/pull test X
Rotational/flexing test X
Wear test X
4.4.10 Close adhesion of insulation of the

insulated part of the contact
electrode (when provided) X 5.5.10.3.2
4.4.9 Heat resistance X 5.5.9.2
a
For a voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish an operating voltage from an interference voltage
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 71 –
Annex F
(informative)
In-service care and use
F.1 Use and storage
The voltage detector should only be used and stored as specified in the manufacturer’s
instructions for use.
Care should be taken to make sure that handling and working conditions are in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instruction for use.
Use only accessories specified by the manufacturer.
Do not apply to the voltage detector more than the nominal voltage (or upper value of the
nominal voltage range) as indicated in the marking.
Check, before and after use, the functioning of the voltage detector either by means of the
testing element made available by the manufacturer, or with a reference voltage source if
available.
During test do not touch the bare part of the contact electrodes and keep the fingers behind
the hand-guard.
F.2 Inspection before use
When a voltage detector is to be used, a visual inspection should be done.
Check if the battery box is correctly secured.
Do not use a voltage detector if it appears damaged. Look for cracks or missing parts, pay
attention to the insulation of the leads, connectors and probes.
If there is a serious concern that the device is not in good condition, it should be returned to
the manufacturer or authorized facility for repair or rejection.
F.3 Maintenance
F.3.1 Regular maintenance
The user should adhere to the following:
– Periodically wipe the voltage detector with a cloth soaked with alcohol or mild detergent.
Do not use acid or abrasive solvents. After wiping, let the voltage detector dry. During the
cleaning, be careful not to leave the voltage detector connected to live parts.
– Shake out any dirt that may be in the connecting points.
– Replace the batteries as soon as the non-readiness signal appears and install only
specified models of batteries as mentioned in the instructions for use. Be sure the voltage
detector is not connected to live parts while installing the batteries. Respect the correct
polarity.
– Do not try to disassemble the enclosures of the voltage detector.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 72 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
– For servicing the voltage detector, use only specified replacement parts.
F.3.2 Periodic maintenance
Periodic maintenance on devices for live working is recognized as a basis for insuring their
good functioning and the safety of the user.
It is recommended that the periodic maintenance be done by the manufacturer or at an

agreed trained repair facility.
It is the responsibility of the owner to outline the maintenance schedule, taking into account
the use conditions (storage, regular care, training of the user, etc). However no voltage
detector, even those held in storage, should be used unless re-testing within a maximum
period of 6 years.
F.3.3 Periodic testing
Table F.1 lists the tests which permit periodic verification of the physical integrity, the
functioning of the voltage detector and its insulation performance.
Table F.1 – Periodic testing
Subclauses Designation
a
Visual and dimensional inspection
5.3.9.1 Testing element
b
5.3.1.1.2/5.3.1.2.1 Threshold voltage and ELV values
5.3.2.2 Clear perceptibility of visual indication
5.3.3.2 Clear perceptibility of audible indication
5.3.10.1 Time rating
c
5.4.1.2.3.2 AC voltage test
a The inspection should also include the checking of the integrity of the voltage detector, the
presence and sound condition of all the components, accessories, instructions for use and
carrying bag.
b For ELV value the battery should be removed for the test wherever possible.
c This test may be performed without damp heat preconditioning and for 1 s.
According to the design of the voltage detector and its fabrication process, the manufacturer
may specify additional tests related to particular components or characteristics.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 73 –
Annex G
(informative)
Voltage detectors and the presence of interference voltages
G.1 General
According to the definition of a voltage detector for live working, when the part to be tested is
connected to an electric network, that is when the operating voltage is present, the purpose of
the voltage detector is to indicate clearly the presence of this operating voltage.
However, it may happen that when the part to be tested is disconnected from the electric
network there is still presence of voltage usually due to capacitive or inductive coupling with
live installations nearby. These voltages are called “interference voltages” (see 3.11) and may
be harmful or not depending of the characteristics of the coupling.
To avoid any uncontrolled reactions of the user due to a circulating current higher than
0,5 mA through the body in combination with interference voltages, the reference value of
internal impedance of a voltage detector is set to 100 kΩ. A voltage detector with a higher
internal impedance than the reference value will always indicate “voltage present” at or above
ELV level (50 V a.c.) in case the coupled source (operating or interference voltage) is able to
drive a circulating current higher than 0,5 mA.
G.2 Voltage detectors with the capability of suppressing or reducing

significantly the level of interference voltages – relatively low internal
impedance (< 100 kΩ)
Voltage detectors with relatively low internal impedance always provide the user with a clear
indication of the presence or absence of operating voltage. But in cases of a strong coupling
of a disconnected part and nearby installations, the voltage detector would temporarily
suppress induced interference voltage or reduce it at a level lower than the ELV, so that its
presence will not be indicated. The lower the internal impedance the more likely is the
possibility for the voltage detector to give no indication of interference voltages. Because of
that, it is required that a safety advice is included in the instructions for use to warn the user
of the possible hazard and to recommend the installation of an earthing equipment before
initiating any “dead working” procedure (see Clause C.2)
Nevertheless, due to the wide range of “relatively low” internal impedance combined with the
characteristics of the capacitive coupling on the part to be tested (which vary with on-site
installation configurations) interference voltage with values above the ELV may also be
indicated
NOTE Voltage detectors of relatively low internal impedance are generally not designed for use on secondary
networks or on equipment where the use of such temporary load would activate insulation monitoring systems,
residual current devices or other sensor circuits.
G.3 Voltage detectors with the capability of discriminating an operating

voltage from an interference voltage
These devices are designed in such a way that they can detect the presence of any voltage
on the part to be tested and, in case of an interference voltage, they can confirm the absence
of the operating voltage and the presence of an interference voltage or assist the user in
identifying the status of the voltage (operating or interference). These devices are basically
devices where its initial internal impedance can be reduced so that the temporary additional
load connected to the part to be tested would decrease the level of an interference voltage.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
– 74 – IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014
This type of voltage detector respects the purpose of a voltage detector for live working. It
always provides the user with a clear indication of the presence or absence of the operating
voltage, but it also confirms the presence of an interference voltage, if any.
In terms of managing interference voltages, and taking into account the varieties of
installation configurations, there is also a theoretical limit to the performance of voltage
detectors with the capability of distinguishing an operating voltage from an interference
voltage. When the coupling with live installations nearby is very high, some devices may not
perform correctly and may indicate “presence of an operating voltage” when it is actually an
interference voltage. This is an incorrect indication but it does not compromise the functional
safety of the device.
NOTE 1 Voltage detectors with the capability of distinguishing an operating voltage from an interference voltage
are generally not designed for use on secondary networks or on equipment where the use of such temporary load
would activate insulation monitoring systems, residual current devices or other sensor circuits.
NOTE 2 In case of voltage detectors with the capability of distinguishing an operating voltage from an
interference voltage with a load that is manually activated (ex: push buttons), the voltage detector without
activation of this load usually works as a voltage detector with relatively high internal impedance and is considered
as such (see G.4). In such case, the previous note does not apply.
G.4 Voltage detectors with no capability of suppressing or reducing

significantly the level of interference voltages – relatively high internal
impedance (> 100 kΩ)
Due to the classification criterion of voltage detectors of relatively high internal impedance
(which permits a wide range), the higher is its internal impedance the likely is the possibility
for the voltage detector to not suppress or not reduce significantly the level of interference
voltages.
In the presence of an interference voltage on a disconnected part of the electric network, this
type of voltage detector will not always provide the user a clear indication of the presence or
absence of the operating voltage.
In such case, the worker should be advised that installing an earthing equipment or initiating
any “dead working” procedure is not safe, until an additional means is used (use of an
adequate type of voltage detector, visual inspection of the opening point of the network, if
possible, etc.) to confirm clearly the absence of operating voltage.
BS EN 61243-3:2014
IEC 61243-3:2014  IEC 2014 – 75 –
Bibliography
IEC 60050-151:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 151: Electrical and

magnetic devices
IEC 60050-441:1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 441: Switchgear,

controlgear and fuses
IEC 60050-601:1985, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 601: Generation,

transmission and distribution of electricity – General
IEC 60050-604:1987, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 604: Generation,

transmission and distribution of electricity – Operation
IEC 60050-604:1987/AMD1:1998
IEC 60050-651:2014, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 651: Live working
IEC 60721-2-1:1982, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-1: Environmental

conditions appearing in nature – Temperature and humidity
IEC 60721-2-1:1982/AMD1:1987 5
IEC 60743:2013, Live working – Terminology for tools, equipment and devices
IEC Guide 104:2010, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety
publications and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
ISO 9000:2005, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
___________
_______________
5 First edition, replaced by asecond edition in 2013. There exists a consolidated edition 1.1, including IEC 60721-
2-1:1982 and its Amendment 1.
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BS EN 61243-3:2014

BSI Standards Publication

Live working — Voltage

ISBN 978 0 580 80692 6

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

This British Standard was published under the authority of the

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61243-3

ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99 Supersedes EN 61243-3:2010

Live working - Voltage detectors - Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

Ref. No. EN 61243-3:2014 E

The following dates are fixed:

• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2015-08-13

This document supersedes EN 61243-3:2010.

IEC 60721-2-1:1982 & NOTE Harmonized as HD 478.2.1 S1:1989 (not modified).

IEC 60743:2013 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60743:2013 (not modified).

ISO 9000:2005 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9000:2005 (not modified).

Normative references to international publications

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

1) Superseded by IEC 61010-1:2010.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

3) Superseded by ISO 3744:2010.

4.5.3 Marking on the probe and/or the lead ............................................................ 26

5.7.2 Alternative test in case of voltage detectors having completed the

F.3 Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 71

Figure 1 – Illustration of the electrical insulation features applicable to components of

Table 1 – Climatic categories of voltage detectors ................................................................ 17

Part 3: Two-pole low-voltage type

– for d.c. voltages not exceeding 1 500 V.

Contact electrode extensions are not covered by this standard.

Other supplementary functions are not covered by this standard.

IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

IEC 60942, Electroacoustics – Sound calibrators

IEC 61260, Electroacoustics – Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters

IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications

ISO 354, Acoustics – Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room

3 Terms and definitions

[SOURCE: IEC Guide 104:2010, 3.7]

Note 1 to entry: The probe may contain the indicator.

[SOURCE: IEC 60050-604:1987/AMD1:1998, 604-03-12]

[SOURCE: IEC 60050-604:1987/AMD1:1998, 604-03-13, modified – The two notes to entry in

4.1 General requirements

Displays providing a discrete voltage value are considered as supplementary measuring

4.1.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

4.2 Functional requirements

4.2.1 Clear indication

4.2.1.1 Clear indication of the operating voltage and threshold voltage

– every indicating voltage and/or,

4.2.1.2 Clear indication of a voltage above the ELV

4.2.1.3 Continuous indication

4.2.1.4 Successive indication

4.2.1.5 Management of interference voltages at power frequencies (50 Hz/60 Hz)

Moreover a voltage detector claiming to be able to distinguish an operating voltage from an

4.2.2 Clear perceptibility

4.2.2.1 Visual indication