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    1.5 The Origin of Cells Worksheet

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    Zaigham Zia
    1. Cells can only arise from the division of existing cells, as shown by Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation. The first cells likely arose from non-living organic molecules assembling into self-replicating polymers enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells likely originated through endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other cells that became mitochondria and chloroplasts, as evidenced by their DNA and membranes.

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    1.5 The Origin of Cells Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    Zaigham Zia
    164 views7 pages
    1. Cells can only arise from the division of existing cells, as shown by Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation. The first cells likely arose from non-living organic molecules assembling into self-replicating polymers enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells likely originated through endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other cells that became mitochondria and chloroplasts, as evidenced by their DNA and membranes.

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    1. Cells can only arise from the division of existing cells, as shown by Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation. The first cells likely arose from non-living organic molecules assembling into self-replicating polymers enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells likely originated through endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other cells that became mitochondria and chloroplasts, as evidenced by their DNA and membranes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    164 views7 pages

    1.5 The Origin of Cells Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    Zaigham Zia
    1. Cells can only arise from the division of existing cells, as shown by Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation. The first cells likely arose from non-living organic molecules assembling into self-replicating polymers enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells likely originated through endosymbiosis, where prokaryotic cells engulfed other cells that became mitochondria and chloroplasts, as evidenced by their DNA and membranes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.

    5 The origin of cells

    Name: ________________________________________

    Assignment 1.5
    1.5 The Origin of Cells

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    BEACONHOUSE NEWLANDS ISLAMABAD

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells

    Understandings, Applications and Skills (This is what you may be assessed on!)

    Statement Guidance
    1.5.U1 Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells. Students should be aware that the 64 codons in
    the genetic code have the same meanings in
    nearly all organisms, but that there are some
    minor variations that are likely to have accrued
    since the common origin of life on Earth.
    1.5.U2 The first cells must have arisen from non-living material.

    1.5.U3 The origin of eukaryotic cells can be explained by the Evidence for the endosymbiotic theory is
    endosymbiotic theory. expected. The origin of eukaryote cilia and
    flagella does not need to be included.
    1.5.A1 Evidence from Pasteur’s experiments that spontaneous
    generation of cells and organisms does not now occur on Earth.

    Recommended resources:

    http://bioknowledgy.weebly.com/15-the-origin-of-cells.html

    Allott, Andrew. Biology: Course Companion. S.l.: Oxford UP, 2014. Print. pp. 45-50

    Quizlet vocabulary set for Topic 1.5 The origin of cells

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells
    1.5.A1 Evidence from Pasteur’s experiments that spontaneous generation of cells and organisms does not now occur
    on Earth.

    Louis Pasteur designed an experiment to test


    whether sterile nutrient broth could
    spontaneously generate microbial life. To do
    this, he set up two experiments.
    ● In both, Pasteur added nutrient broth
    to flasks and bent the necks of the
    flasks into S shapes
    ● Each flask was then heated to boil the
    broth in order than all existing
    microbes were killed.
    ● After the broth had been sterilized,
    Pasteur broke off the swan necks from
    the flasks in Experiment 1, exposing the
    nutrient broth within them to air from
    above. http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp03/0302003.html
    ● The flasks in Experiment 2 were left
    alone.

    1. In which flask(s) would you expect microbes grow?

    2. Explain the reasons for your answer to the above question.

    3. How does the evidence derived from this experiment refute the idea of spontaneous generation?

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells
    1.5.U1 Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells.

    1. State the three core ideas of cell theory:

    1.

    2.

    3.

    2. Aside from Pasteur’s experiments what evidence do Biologists have that cells can only be formed by division of
    pre-existing cells? Outline the evidence below:

    ● Cells are highly complex structures …

    ● All known examples of growth …

    ● Viruses are produced from simpler subunits …

    ● Genetic code is universal …

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells
    1.5.U2 The first cells must have arisen from non-living material.

    If we accept that there were times in the history of the Earth when cells did not exist then it is an obvious point that
    ‘The first cells must have arisen from non-living material’. The only other possible explanation is that life, in the form
    of cells, was transported here from elsewhere in the universe. As illustrated above, it is extremely difficult (and given
    our level of technology currently impossible), to generate cells from anything but other cells. So how did the first cells
    arise?

    3. We have evidence and ideas how some of the key problems might have been solved. Outline the following
    points:

    a. The non-living synthesis of simple organic molecules, e.g. sugars and amino acids

    b. The assembly of these organic molecules into polymers

    c. The formation of polymers that can self-replicate (enabling inheritance)

    d. formation of membranes to package the organic molecules

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells
    1.5.U3 The origin of eukaryotic cells can be explained by the endosymbiotic theory.

    4. State the definition of endosymbiotic theory:

    5. As shown by the diagram below there are several key stages in the theory.

    http://www.ib.bioninja.com.au/options/option-d-evolution-2/d1-origins-of-life-on-earth.html

    a. Outline the formation of the nucleus

    b. Outline the endosymbiosis and state the organelles that may well have been formed as a result of the
    process.

    S. M. Zaigham Zia
    1. Cell Biology (Core) – 1.5 The origin of cells
    6. Describe the evidence supporting the theory for mitochondria and chloroplasts:

    Citations:

    Allott, Andrew. Biology: Course Companion. S.l.: Oxford UP, 2014. Print.

    S. M. Zaigham Zia

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