Communication Strategy Yvan

COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
The communication process can only be considered successful if the objectives of the
communication are achieved. The goal of communication is to successfully deliver a thought or
message to the recipient(s). Before this is attained, the communicators need to make choices.
When you communicate, for example, you have to decide whom to communicate with, what to
say, how to keep the conversation going, whether to terminate the conversation, and others. As
you converse with others, you also make use of different communication strategies.
A communication strategy is a plan of action or a technique that a communicator uses in order

to help make the communication process successful. There are many different communication
strategies, among which are the following:
a. Nomination
b. Restriction
c. Turn-taking
d. Topic control
e. Topic shifting
f. Repair
g. Termination
1. Nomination
Nomination refers to the act of the speaker wherein he or she opens and establishes a topic in
the conversation or discussion.
What do you think about the resignation of the company’s president?
In this example, the speaker opened the topic by asking a question about it.
2. Restriction
Restriction refers to the act of limiting what the participants can contribute to the conversation
or discussion.
In one or two sentences, tell me what you think about the issue.
In this example, the speaker limited the response of the participants by stating that they must
state their thoughts using just one or two sentences.
There are two factors to consider for nomination and restriction: social relationships and
environment.
a. SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS determine the specific role of the participants, which is a factor
for whether they can nominate the topic or restrict what other speakers can say in the
conversation.
● Higher authorities refer to those who are assigned to control the flow of the conversation.
Their role is to ask questions that will maintain the quality and productivity of communication.
For example, during classes, teachers are considered as a higher authority since they facilitate
the discussion during class.
● Lower authorities refer to the participants who start as listeners and later on become speakers
when called on by the higher authorities. They are usually called using their names. They may
also use nonverbal cues to indicate that they want to join the conversation or contribute to the
discussion.
b. ENVIRONMENT refers to the setting of the conversation. It also determines the roles of the
speakers. For example, in a classroom discussion, teachers nominate the topic or give
restrictions to the participants. However, if the setting is a seminar led by students, there will be
a segment for entertaining questions or comments from the teachers. The students then are the
ones nominating the topic and providing restrictions for those who will join the discussion.
● One-on-one communication – This refers to communication situations in which there are

only two participants. Interviews and tutorials are common settings for nomination and
restriction. For example, in a tutorial, the tutor may start the discussion by asking the student
questions regarding his or her lessons and what he or she needs help with. Once the tutor is
done asking the question, the student is can then answer, and because the tutor already asked
questions, the student is then restricted to addressing those particular questions.
● Group communication – This refers to communication situations in which there are more
than two participants. Some examples of group communication that involve nomination and
restriction are debates, panel discussions, class discussions, and forums. In a panel discussion,
for example, there is a moderator who is tasked with facilitating the discussion, which involves
nominating the topic and restricting participants.
3. Turn Taking
Turn Taking refers to the opportunity given to a speaker to talk, whereas turn-taking is a
process in which a participant stops speaking and yields the floor to another participant so he or
she can speak. There are three turn-taking acts:
 keep-turn
 release-turn
 take-turn.
a. Keep-turn suggests that a speaker must not stop until he fulfills his purpose in a
conversation
b. Release-turn suggests that a speaker is finished talking and is ready to yield the floor to
another person to take his or her turn. He or she may use signals or pauses in a
conversation.
c. Take-turn suggests that another participant can take the role of the speaker.
Signals and cues indicate that a speaker wants to keep, yield, or take his or her turn.
a. Intonation may signal when a speaker intends to keep or yield his or her turn. Falling
intonation indicates that a speaker is about to end his or her turn, while rising intonation
implies that a speaker is about to reach the climax of his or her point, asking the participants for
clarification and confirmation, or sometimes to express disbelief.
b. Verbal cues may suggest that a speaker wants to yield or to keep his or her turn. For
example, calling the participants’ names indicate that a speaker is letting them take their turn.
Meanwhile, using sentence connectors such as additionally, on the contrary, furthermore,
consequently, or likewise suggests the speaker has something more to say.
c. Nonverbal cues or gestures, such as raising one’s hand, show that a participant wants to take
the floor or speak. Also, when a speaker points to or fixes his or her gaze on a participant, it
may mean that he or she wants that participant to sp eak.

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COMMUNICATION STRATEGY

A communication strategy is a plan of action or a technique that a communicator uses in order

● One-on-one communication – This refers to communication situations in which there are

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