Microprocessor Interfacing and Programming: Laboratory Manual

MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING AND
PROGRAMMING
(EL-303)
LABORATORY MANUAL
Lab # 01: To Illustrate Basic Memory Model using Latches and

Flip-Flops
Student Name: ______________________
Roll No: ________ Group No: ____ Section:_____
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES, CHINIOT- FAISALABAD

Lab Manual of ‘MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING AND PROGRAMMING’
EXPERIMENT 1 Date Perform: ________________
To Illustrate Basic Memory Model using Latches and Flip-Flops

Learning Objective:
1. To learn how to build a basic model of a memory using flip-flops and latches.
Equipment Required:
1. Personal Computer
2. Proteus
Background:
Flip-flops and Latches
In electronics, a flip-flop or latch is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state
information. A flip-flop is a bistable multi-vibrator. The circuit can be made to change state by signals
applied to one or more control inputs and will have one or two outputs. It is the basic storage element in
sequential logic. Flip-flops and latches are a fundamental building block of digital electronics systems
used in computers, communications, and many other types of systems.
Flip-flops and latches are used as data storage elements. Such data storage can be used for storage of
state, and such a circuit is described as sequential logic. When used in a finite-state machine, the output
and next state depend not only on its current input, but also on its current state (and hence, previous
inputs). It can also be used for counting of pulses, and for synchronizing variably-timed input signals to
some reference timing signal.
Flip-flops can be either simple (transparent or opaque) or clocked (synchronous or edge-triggered).
Although the term flip-flop has historically referred generically to both simple and clocked circuits, in
modern usage it is common to reserve the term flip-flop exclusively for discussing clocked circuits; the
simple ones are commonly called latches.
Using this terminology, a latch is level-sensitive, whereas a flip-flop is edge-sensitive. That is, when a
latch is enabled it becomes transparent, while a flip flop's output only changes on a single type (positive
going or negative going) of clock edge.
Edge-triggered D flip-flop
The operations of a D flip-flops are very simple. It has only one input addition to the clock. It is very
useful when a single data bit (0 or 1) is to be stored. If there is a HIGH on the D input when a clock
pulse is applied, the flip-flop SETs and stores a 1. If there is a LOW on the D input when a clock pulse
is applied, the flip-flop RESETs and stores a 0. The truth table below summarizes the operations of the
positive edge-triggered D flip-flop. As before, the negative edge-triggered flip-flop works the same
except that the falling edge of the clock pulse is the triggering edge.
Page 2 of 7
74ACT374 - OCTAL D-TYPE FLIP FLOP WITH 3 STATE OUTPUT NON-INVERTING

The ACT374 is an advanced high-speed CMOS OCTAL D-TYPE FLIP FLOP with 3 STATE OUTPUT
NON-INVERTING fabricated with sub-micron silicon gate and double-layer metal wiring C 2MOS
technology. It is ideal for low power applications maintaining high speed operation similar to equivalent
Bipolar Schottky TTL.
These 8 bit D-Type flip-flops are controlled by a clock input (CK) and an output enable input (OE). On
the positive transition of the clock, the Q outputs will be set to logic state that were setup at the D inputs.
While the (OE) input is low, the 8 outputs will be in a normal logic state (high or low logic level) and
while high level the outputs will be in a high impedance state. The output control does not affect the
internal operation of flip flop; that is, the old data can be retained or the new data can be entered even
while the outputs are off.
Page 3 of 7
Implementing a basic memory model using 74ACT374

A basic memory model can be implemented using 74ACT374. This IC contains 8 positive edge
triggered D Flip Flops, which can be used to store an 8-bit data. Combining several of these together can
result in the creation of a basic memory block which can be read from and written to.
Page 4 of 7
Lab Exercise
Task 1.1
Implement 8 x 8 (8 memory locations each of 8-bits) memory using 74ACT374. This memory must
have the capability of writing to or reading from any of the 8 memory locations.
Paste the circuit schematics here
Task 1.2
Attach two 4 bits 7-segment displays having the BCD pins with the output of the previous task
connected at the input of the 7-segment to display the result in the range of 00 to 99.
Page 5 of 7
Paste the circuit schematics here
EL303 – MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING AND PROGRAMMING LAB

To enable the students to write effective assembly language programs using various addressing modes,
jumps, timers, counters, and interrupts. Also enabling them to interface any external hardware using serial
programming and verifying the results either through simulators or through actual hardware.
Page 6 of 7
CLO Statement ↓ Exemplary Proficient Developing Beginning Novice

Score → (5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Behaves
responsibly Takes ownership Actively works Partially work Needs help from Does not
within team, and and Works and participates and participate in others group to work
perform the actively in group group discussions complete assigned
1 throughout the lab discussions. task
experiment
safely.
Demonstrate Correctly With minor With major Partially performs Does not
performs the tasks mistakes mistakes the tasks work
elementary skills performs the performs the
to conduct tasks tasks
experiments
2 using various
programming
techniques.
CLO MARKS OBTAINED
Lab Engineer Signature: _______________
Page 7 of 7

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MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING AND

Lab # 01: To Illustrate Basic Memory Model using Latches and

Student Name: ______________________

Roll No: ____ Group No: Section:_

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER AND EMERGING SCIENCES, CHINIOT- FAISALABAD

EXPERIMENT 1 Date Perform: ________________

To Illustrate Basic Memory Model using Latches and Flip-Flops

74ACT374 - OCTAL D-TYPE FLIP FLOP WITH 3 STATE OUTPUT NON-INVERTING

Implementing a basic memory model using 74ACT374

Paste the circuit schematics here

Paste the circuit schematics here

EL303 – MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING AND PROGRAMMING LAB

CLO Statement ↓ Exemplary Proficient Developing Beginning Novice

CLO MARKS OBTAINED

Lab Engineer Signature: _______________

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