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    Coronavirus A Mini-Review PDF

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    José Eduardo Zaragoza López
    This article provides a mini-review of coronaviruses. It discusses that coronaviruses typically affect the respiratory tract of mammals and can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like SARS. The review summarizes that there are several known human coronaviruses that usually cause mild cold-like symptoms but sometimes lead to pneumonia. It also describes the more dangerous SARS and MERS coronaviruses and notes their symptoms, modes of transmission between humans, prevention methods, and lack of specific treatments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Coronavirus A Mini-Review PDF

    Uploaded by

    José Eduardo Zaragoza López
    64 views3 pages
    This article provides a mini-review of coronaviruses. It discusses that coronaviruses typically affect the respiratory tract of mammals and can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like SARS. The review summarizes that there are several known human coronaviruses that usually cause mild cold-like symptoms but sometimes lead to pneumonia. It also describes the more dangerous SARS and MERS coronaviruses and notes their symptoms, modes of transmission between humans, prevention methods, and lack of specific treatments.

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    This article provides a mini-review of coronaviruses. It discusses that coronaviruses typically affect the respiratory tract of mammals and can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like SARS. The review summarizes that there are several known human coronaviruses that usually cause mild cold-like symptoms but sometimes lead to pneumonia. It also describes the more dangerous SARS and MERS coronaviruses and notes their symptoms, modes of transmission between humans, prevention methods, and lack of specific treatments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    64 views3 pages

    Coronavirus A Mini-Review PDF

    Uploaded by

    José Eduardo Zaragoza López
    This article provides a mini-review of coronaviruses. It discusses that coronaviruses typically affect the respiratory tract of mammals and can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like SARS. The review summarizes that there are several known human coronaviruses that usually cause mild cold-like symptoms but sometimes lead to pneumonia. It also describes the more dangerous SARS and MERS coronaviruses and notes their symptoms, modes of transmission between humans, prevention methods, and lack of specific treatments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2020).

    6(1): 8-10

    International Journal of Current Research in


    Medical Sciences
    ISSN: 2454-5716
    P-ISJN: A4372-3064, E -ISJN: A4372-3061
    www.ijcrims.com

    Review Article Volume 6, Issue 1 -2020


    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijcrms.2020.06.01.002

    Coronavirus: A Mini-Review

    Ashikujaman Syed
    Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy,
    China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
    E-mail: [email protected]

    Abstract

    Coronavirus is causing an outbreak first identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Cases have been exported
    to Thailand, Japan, and South Korea external icon. No cases have been identified in the United States. Chinese health
    authorities have reported that patients have experienced fever, cough, difficulty breathing and pneumonia.
    Coronaviruses are named for the spikes that protrude from their membranes, like the sun’s corona. Such viruses
    cause several illnesses of the respiratory tract, ranging from the common cold to severe diseases like SARS.
    According to the World Health Organization, common signs of infection include fever, cough, and respiratory
    difficulties like shortness of breath. Serious cases can lead to pneumonia, kidney failure and even death.

    Keywords: Introduction, Symptoms, Types, Transmission, Treatment.

    Introduction

    Coronaviruses are types of viruses that typically This MNT Knowledge Center article will focus
    affect the respiratory tract of mammals, including on the different types of human coronaviruses,
    humans. They are associated with the common their symptoms, how they are transmitted, and
    cold, pneumonia, and severe acute respiratory two particularly dangerous diseases that can be
    syndrome (SARS) and can also affect the gut. caused by coronaviruses: SARS and MERS.

    A coronavirus was first isolated in 1937 from an Fast facts on coronaviruses


    infectious bronchitis virus in birds that has the
    ability to seriously devastate poultry stocks. There is no cure for the common cold.
    A coronavirus causes both SARS and MERS.
    These viruses are responsible for between 15 and Coronaviruses infect many different species.
    30 percent of common colds. There are six known human coronaviruses.
    SARS spread from China to cause infection in 37
    Over the last 70 years, scientists have found that countries, killing 774 people.
    coronaviruses can infect mice, rats, dogs,
    cats, turkeys, horses, pigs, and cattle.

    8
    Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2020). 6(1): 8-10

    Coronaviruses symptoms usually include fever, cough, and


    shortness of breath which often progress to
    Human coronaviruses (HCoV) were first pneumonia. About 3 or 4 out of every 10 patients
    identified in the 1960s in the noses of patients reported with MERS have died. MERS cases
    with the common cold. Two human coronaviruses continue to occur, primarily in the Arabian
    are responsible for a large proportion of common Peninsula. SARS symptoms often included fever,
    colds OC43 and 229E. chills, and body aches which usually progressed
    to pneumonia. No human cases of SARS have
    Coronaviruses were given their name based on the been reported anywhere in the world since 2004.
    crown-like projections on their surfaces. "Corona"
    in Latin means "halo" or "crown." Transmission

    Among humans, infection most often occurs Human coronaviruses most commonly spread
    during the winter months as well as early spring. from an infected person to others through
    It is not uncommon for a person to become ill
    with a cold that is caused by a coronavirus and The air by coughing and sneezing
    then catch it again about four months later.
    Close personal contact, such as touching or
    This is because coronavirus antibodies do not last shaking hands
    for a very long time. Also, the antibodies for one
    strain of coronavirus may be useless against other Touching an object or surface with the virus on it,
    strains. then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes before
    washing your hands
    Symptoms Rarely, fecal contamination

    Common human coronaviruses, including types In the United States, people usually get infected
    229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, usually cause with common human coronaviruses in the fall and
    mild to moderate upper-respiratory tract illnesses, winter. However, get infected at any time of the
    like the common cold. Most people get infected year. Most people will get infected with one or
    with these viruses at some point in their lives. more of the common human coronaviruses in
    These illnesses usually only last for a short their lifetime. Young children are most likely to
    amount of time. Symptoms may include get infected. However, people can have multiple
    infections in their lifetime.
    Runny nose
    Prevention and Treatment
    Headache
    Cough There are currently no vaccines available to
    Sore throat protect against human coronavirus infection.
    Fever Wash hands often with soap and water for at least
    A general feeling of being unwell 20 seconds.
    Avoid touching eyes, nose, or mouth with
    Human coronaviruses can sometimes cause unwashed hands.
    lower-respiratory tract illnesses, such as
    pneumonia or bronchitis. This is more common in Protection
    people with cardiopulmonary disease, people with Stay home while are sick
    weakened immune systems, infants, and older Avoid close contact with others
    adults. Cover mouth and nose with a tissue when you
    cough or sneeze, then throw the tissue in the trash
    Two other human coronaviruses, MERS- and wash your hands
    CoV and SARS-CoV have been known to Clean and disinfect objects and surfaces
    frequently cause severe symptoms. MERS
    9
    Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2020). 6(1): 8-10

    Treatment 2.Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV (Red


    Book, American Academy of Pediatrics,
    There are no specific treatments for illnesses 2018)external icon
    caused by human coronaviruses. Most people 3.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS),
    with common human coronavirus illness will CDC
    recover on their own. 4.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS),
    Take pain and fever medications (Caution: do not WHOexternal icon
    give Aspirin to children) 5.Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS),
    Use a room humidifier or take a hot shower to CDC
    help ease a sore throat and cough 6.Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS),
    Drink plenty of liquids WHOexternal icon
    Stay home and rest 7.The National Respiratory and Enteric Virus
    Surveillance System
    Acknowledgements 8.Killerby ME, Biggs HM, Haynes A, Dahl RM,
    et al. Human coronavirus circulation in the
    The author wishes to thank Sayed Asaduzzaman United States 2014 – 2017external icon.
    Anik , Studying Bachelor of Social Science at Journal of Clinical Virology. Vol 101; 2018
    National University Bangladesh; Md Golam Apr; 101:52-6
    Mostafa, Student of University of Dhaka, 9. Ashikujaman Syed. (2019). Ebola Virus
    Bangladesh & Lanzhou University, China. Disease. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 5(3): 18-
    23.
    Financial support and sponsorship: None 10. Ashikujaman Syed. (2019). Varicella - Zoster
    virus. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. 4(4): 10-11.
    Conflict of interest: Ashikujaman Syed. (2018). Chikungunya
    Virus: An Infectious Disease. Int. J. Curr. Res.
    The authors declare no conflict of interest. Biol. Med. 3(10): 20-30.
    11. Chikungunya Virus: An Infectious Disease.
    References Int. J. Curr. Res. Biol. Med. 3(10): 20-30.
    12. Ashikujaman Syed. (2018). Nipah Virus
    1. Content source: National Center for outbreak in the World. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol.
    Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Sci. 5(9): 131-138.
    (NCIRD).

    Access this Article in Online


    Website:
    www.ijcrims.com

    Subject:
    Virology
    Quick Response Code

    How to cite this article:


    Ashikujaman Syed. (2020). Coronavirus: A Mini-Review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. 6(1): 8-10.
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijcrms.2020.06.01.002

    10

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