PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Personality

The word personality refers to the overall outcome of what a person is.
Personality constitutes of various elements like intelligence, physique,
temperament, patience. All these elements lead to a good personality.

Introduction to personality development

Personality development means developing a personality image so as to create a
strong ,positive impression about view or personality development is the
development of the organized pattern of behaviours and attitudes that make a
person distinctive. Personality development occurs by the ongoing interaction of
character and environment. The personality development has become a vital
constituent of a successful person. People undergo personality development
programme in order improve their personal skills and there-by enhancing their
personality. Personality is eternal and it is mainly dependent on the atmosphere
in which a human being grows up.

Importance of Personality Development

1. Ensures continuous improvement and growth
You should always aim to be better than you were yesterday. As an
individual you should always keep on improving yourself. If you feel that
there are something you don’t like about yourself, you should work on
changing them. Don’t stagnate, always seek a you.
2. Helps in better management
Personality development helps you have the right personality and social
skills which helps in team interaction with your colleagues. With a good
 personality your employees will enjoy working with you and most likely
perform better because you are a good boss, who is full of positive energy.
3. Builds balance in life
Personality development can help you be more organized and punctual
with such skills, you will be able to plan every area of your life. You can
create time for your family, time to exercise, meditate and work. Every area
of your life benefits from a good and developed personality.
4. Ensure excellence in ones field
If you are constantly developing yourself you will ultimately become the
best version of yourself. You must keep learning new things to keep up with
the everchanging world. Personality development improves your chances in
success since you are goal oriented and have the right mind set.

Determinants of personality development

People are enormously complex, their abilities and interest and attitudes
are diversed. An early argument in personality research was whether an
individuals personality was the result of heredity or environment.
Personality appears to be a result of both influences. Additionally the
determinants of personality can best be grouped in five broad categories.
They are :-
a) Biological factors
b) Cultural factors
c) Social factors
d) Situational factors

a) Biological factors
Heredity refers to those factors that were determined at conception,
physical structure, facial attractiveness, energy level are characteristic that
are considered to be inherent from ones parents.
 b) Cultural factors
Personality formation are the culture in which we are raised, our early
conditioning, the norms among our family, friends and social groups and
other influences we experience. Traditionally cultural factors are usually
considered to make a more significant contribution to personality and
biological factors.

c) Social factors
There is increasing recognition given to the role of other relevant persons,
and specially organizations which greatly influence an individuals personality .This
is commonly called the socialization process. Socialization starts with the initial
contact between her mother and new infant, after infancy other members of
immediate family father, brothers, sisters and close relatives o friends then social
group peers, school friends and members of the work group played influencial
roles.

d) Situational factors
Human personality is also influenced by situational factors. The effects of
environment is quite strong. Knowledge, skills and language are obviously
acquired and represent important modification of behavior. An individuals
personality while generally stable and consistent, does change in different
situations.

Inter personal skills

Inter personal skill are the behaviours and tactics a person uses to interact with
others effectively. In the business world the term refers to an employees ability to
work well with others. Interpersonal skills range from communication and
listening to attitude. Interpersonal skills are often referred to as social
intelligence. It depend on reading the signals other send and interpretating them
accurately in order to form a response. While interpersonal skills may be based on
part personality they can also be developed. They come naturally to some people
while others have to work on them.

Importance of interpersonal skills

Interpersonal skill helps us interact with others effectively on the job as well as in
the larger world. Some people are born with such skills but every one can improve
them with practice. Expressing appreciation, resolving disputes and listening well
are all interpersonal skills worth practicing. We meet our needs and accomplish
our goals by associating and co-operating with others, so the ability to
communicate and interact effectively with other people is essential. Employees
with good interpersonal skills can resolve conflicts, co-operate and communicate.

Listening
People who cannot listen cannot relate poor listening undermines our ability to
communicate with others. Anyone who wants to be a effective negociator,
interviewer, coach, consultant, leader or group member needs to be a good
listener. Listening involves more than just hearing what somebody has said. It
involves interpretating what has been heard and searching for a full and accurate
understanding of the meaning of the others message.

Effective listening
Effective listening involves more than just simply hearing what the speaker has
said. It involves the search or a full and accurate understanding of the meaning of
another verbal and non verbal messages. Skilled listeners are able to attain to
both factual anf effective content of a message. We should neither ignore nor be
overwhelmed by the speakers emotion and we need to be able to interpret what
is said in a way that reflects accurately what the speaker is thinking and feeling
about the content of the message.
Verbal and Non-verbal communication

Verbal communication is perhaps the most obvious and understood mode of

communication and it is certainly a powerful tool in our communication tool box.
Verbal communication is the sharing of information between two individuals
using words. It is important to remember that writing is also a form of verbal
communication. Spoken communication can be of conversation , a meeting or
even a speech. In a word where we do most of our talking by email and text.
Spoken communication is a breathe of fresh air. Spoken communication allows
you to bond on a more emotional level with your listeners. Spoken
communication also makes it easier to ensure understanding by clearing up
misunderstandings. You adjust your message as you communicate it based on the
feedback you are getting from your audience. Verbal communication is a powerful
tool and it is made even more powerful when paired with listening and non-
verbal communication.

Nodding facial expression, leaning towards the speaker to show interest all of
those are forms of non-verbal communication. Body language can be reinforced
your spoken message or it can contradict it entirely, non-verbal communication
can make or break your message. Below are some of the non-verbal
communication and effect they have on the success of your communication:-

a. Facial expression

Your facial expressions help you convey your message. Beware of your facial
expression when you talk and particularly when you listen.

b. Gestures
When you speak a gesture can make your message stronger. Gesture help
further engage your audience when you speak.
c. Proximity
How close you are to your audience when you speak, sense a non-verbal
message. If you leave a very small distance between you and your listener it is
likely your non-verbal communication will be a bit threatening. On the other
hand giving someone to much space is an awkard non-verbal communication
that might confuse your listener.

d. Touch
Shaking an audience members hand, putting your hand on his shoulder these
are non-verbal signs that can affect the success of your message. Touch
communicates affection but it also communicates power.
e. Eye contact
Making and maintaining eye contact with an audience. When you are verbally
communicating or listening communicates to the other party that you are
interested and engaged in the conversation. Good eye contact often conveys
the trait of honesty to the other party.
f. Appearance
Your clothing, hair, jewellery are also a part of non-verbal communication. All
of these things speak non-verbally about you as a communicator.

Conflict Management
When two or more individuals have different opinions and neither a blame are
willing compromise, conflict arises. A state of disagreement among individelas
is called a conflict. Conflict arises at work when a employees find it difficult to
reach to mutually acceptable solutions and fight over Pedy issues. Differences
in attitude, mindsets and perceptions give rise to conflicts. Conflicts must be
avoided as it leads to negativity and spoils the ambience. Conflicts must be
controlled at the initial stages except the best out of individuals.
Emotional Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence(E.I) is the ability to understand and manage your own
emotions and those of the people around you. People with high degree of
emotional intelligence know what they feel, what their emotions mean and how
these emotions can effect other people. Emotional intelligence helps you build
stronger relationships, succeed at school and work and achieve your career and
goals. In order to permanently change behavior in ways that standup under
pressure you need to learn how to overcome stress.

The key skill for building your emotional intelligence and improving your ability to
manage emotion and connect with others are:-

-self management

In the face of stress which takes us out of our control zone. We can lose control of
ourselves with ability to manage stress and stay emotionally present you can
learn to receive upsetting information without letting it override your thoughts
and self-control.

-self awareness
Your ability to manage and feelings often defence on the quality and consistency
of your early life emotional experiences being able to connect with your emotions
is the key to understand how emotion influences your thought and action.

-social awareness

Social awareness lets you know how others are feeling how their emotional state
is changing from moment to moment and why is important to them.

Decision making
Decision making is apart of just our everyday life but it is something that we do
every movement we are awake we decide what we will do with our time, whom
we will speak where. We will go and how we will feel. Sense a lot of your decision
affect other around you. It is considered very important interpersonal skill
decision. Making skill can be defined as the ability to make good decision. When
you have good decision making skill you can identify various options, the
consequences of those options and impact those option will have on others.

Problem solving skill

A talent for creative and effective problem solving is one of the most valued of
attributes of an employee, student, family member etc. Below are the steps most
commonly used in problems solving:
- Analyzing the factors or causes contributing to the unwanted situation. In order to solve
a problem you must first figure out what cause it. This required that you gather and
evaluate data, contributing circumstances and pinpoint the factors that need to be
address in order to reserve the problem. Example: Identifying the causes for social
problems, diagonising, illness
- Generating set of alternative interventions
- To achieve your end goal once you have determined what is causing the problem it is
time to come up with possible alternative solution- Eg: brain stramming solution,
developing treatment plans.
- Evaluating the best solutions: Depending upon the nature of the problem and your chain
of command evaluating the best solution maybe performed by assign teams whoever
makes the decision most evaluate cost, potential cost and possible barrier for successful
implementation.
- Implementing a plant: once a course of actions has been decided it must be
implemented that can accurately determine whether it is working to solve a problem
- Assessing the effectiveness: once a solution is implemented the best problem solvers
have system to find out if and how effectively it is working. They know as soon as
possible whether the issue has been reserved. Example: surbeying a users.
Personal skills

Personal skills refer to an individuals inner qualities. An individual with

excellent personal skills is reliable and contributes to their family, friends and
most importantly work place’s culture positively. Companies seek such
candidate because they tend to be more motivated and passionate about their
work and are also capable of completing task to a high level while meeting
deadlines. Focus on doing the following, then the positive outcomes generated
transfer to your personal life to :-

1)Have a more positive outlook.

2) Be confident in your ability and don’t be shy in expressing your feelings and
needs.

3) Find atleast one positive trait in each colleagues.

4)Show a genuine interest in you co-workers.

Personal skills include all the skills that distinguish you as and to be dependent.

Self awareness

If you are not aware of your own weakness of deficit you cant begin to tried to
improve.

Self Discipline

You are in control of yourself and know how to act. Certain phases of your day to
day work require concentration and focus which you master with discipline by
always critically questioning your actions and correctly arranging priorities you
achieve a high degree of self discipline.

Self confidence
Self confidence requires you to recognize and to implement your strengths. Self
confident people know their value. A strong sense of confident spreads to many
other skills and area of life. They are neither afraid of new challenges nor of
expressing their opinion.

Strengths and weaknesses

Analyzing self strengths and weaknesses is useful on a personal level as a way to

identify areas for development and as part of career strength are those areas
where you have an advantage over others .

Weaknesses:- Weakness are the areas where you may be weaker than other
and may find other can do better than you.

Aggression :- Anger is a normal and natural emotion which probably all of us

feel atleast some point in our lives. Aggression is a behavior often closely linked
to anger. Angry people can become aggressive and aggressive people may
become angry but the two are not the same.

Assertiveness:- assertiveness means standing up for your personal rights,

expessing thoughts, feelings and beliefs in direct, honest and appropriate ways. By
being assertive we should always respect the thoughts, feelings and beliefs of
other people. Assertive behavior also includes being able to admit to mistakes and
apologize.

Submissive:- it means allowing yourself to be controlled by other people. You

should be more assertive but without being aggressive avoid being submissive
Chapter 3

Communication skills

Barriers to communication and how to overcome them.

-physical barriers

-cultural

-personal barriers

-language barrier

-emotional distraction

Effective communication may lead to better understanding and higher work

efficiency.

Personal communication
Example: emails,personal interview , telephone conversations, private letters

How to improve communication skills ?

-Be approachable

-Eye contact

-don’t interrupt

Confidence, energetic, voice control, body language, eye contact

Guesture is a type of communication where the individual communicates without

speaking, simply with help of hand and body movement, facial expression and so
on .
Group communication

Group discussion
A group discussion is simply a method in judging the team spirit, leadership
qualities, out of the box thinking and other qualities in an individual.

Brain storming
Brain storming combines a relaxed commanding in format approach to solving
problem. It encourage people to come up with ideas, thought than can first sees a
bit crazy. Some of these ideas can be crafted into original creative solution to a
problem.

Panel discussion
Panel discussion is a specific format used in a meeting, conference or convention.
It is a live o virtual discussion about a specific topic amongst a selected group of
panelist who share different perspectives infront of a large audience. The panel is
typically facilitated by a moderator who guides the panel and the audience.