Nokia MSC Server System

Name
Date

1 © 2005 Nokia MSC Server System recap.ppt / Nov 2006 / JJS

Content

• MSC Server System Overview

• Capacity
• MSC Server Site Connectivity

2 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Rel4 network

HLR

Standalone
MSC Server
MSC Server

GERAN GERAN
Mc Mc

A IP/ATM A
MGW Backbone MGW

UTRAN
UTRAN
lu-CS lu-CS

PSTN/ISDN

CDS

3 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 Interfaces & Protocols
Rel.4 Network
• RANAP/BSSAP for radio access control
HLR
• Nc - BICC for call control (also SIP-T) Services
• Mc - H.248 for MGW control
• Nb - AAL2 for user data MAP CAP

• Nb- RTP for user data over IP BICC

MSC ATM/IP MSC
• AAL5 for signaling over ATM Server Server
Nc
• Sigtran for transmitting SS7 signaling
over IP Sigtran H.248
Mc
IP H.248 Sigtran
IP
IP IP
Mc

RANAP AAL2/AAL5
AAL5/ATM ATM Nb SS7
PSTN
Iu-CS TDM
RTP
MGW IP MGW
BSSAP
RNC AAL2 A
ATM
TDM
BSC

4 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Standalone MSC Server
• New delivery in M12 without user plane switching
• Contains only MSC Server features and optimized hardware (e.g. no
GSW, ET or modem pools)
• Note though that same functionalities are present as in Integrated
MSC Server except MSCi user plane handling
• Gateway MSC Functionality
• Visited MSC Functionality
• Media Gateway Control Function
• Also possible to upgrade Integrated MSC Server to Standalone MSC
Server (MSSu) by removing user plane switching HW and functionality
New delivery MSS

GMSC
GMSC VMSC
VMSC

MGCF
MGCF

5 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 Gateway Control Server

IN/SCE APSE

HLR Gateway Control CPS

MSC Server Server SIP PSTN/ISDN
BSC

GSM A
BICC CS-2,
SIP-T
A H.248 H.248
RNC MGW MGW Other PLMN
Iu-CS IP/ATM
Backbone
Provides
ProvidesPSTN
PSTN
WCDMA
access
accessalso
alsofor
forAll
All
IPIPsubscribers.
subscribers.

6 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Standalone MSS

IPCH (optional) IPCF IPCG

7 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
MSC Server layouts

MSC Server (MSS) IPCF CC IPCG0 IPCG1 IPCG2 M13

1.500 000 Subscribers
3.9m / 12.8ft. 1.200 000 BHCA
2.3m2 / 25.1ft2

MSC Server (MSS) Cab 1 CC Cab 2 Cab 3 Cab 4 M14

2.500 000 Subscribers
3.9m / 12.8ft. 3.000 000 BHCA
2.3m2 / 25.1ft2

8 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

3GPP Referred Functionality – Nokia MGW

Media Gateway - MGW

• Terminates TDM and packet based media interfaces
SGW
• Tones and Announcements
• Conferencing services
MGW

Signaling Gateway - SGW

• Signalling Transfer Point
• SS7 Transport Layer Conversion
Nokia
• Protocol Translation
Multimedia
Gateway

9 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

SGW in MGW
MSC Server MSC Server

TDM
GSM BSS IP/ATM
BSC

2.
TDM
SGW SGW
ATM/IP 3.& 4.
ATM
Backbone
PSTN/
1. MGW
PLMN
WCDMA
RNC

1) RANAP (SS7) / ATM <---> IP

2) BSSAP (SS7) / TDM <---> IP
SIGNALING 3) MAP/CAP/INAP (SS7 SCCP) / TDM <---> IP
TRANSPORT 4) ISUP/TUP/IUP (SS7 MTP3) / TDM <---> IP
10 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
MGW Hardware
• The MGW is based on the IPA2800 ATM
based multipurpose hardware platform
• The IPA2800 is used in the Radio
Network Controller and Multimedia
Gateway
•Minimum Configuration consists of 1
equipment cabinet plus cabling cabinets
•Maximum configuration consists of 3
equipment cabinets plus cabling cabinets

11 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Needed Floor Space

One cab 60+30cm=90cm

Two cabinets 2* 90cm=180cm
Three cabinets 270cm

Ext. Ext.
Base
CABLING CABINET

CABLING CABINET

CABLING CABINET

Module Ext. Ext.

Extensions Ext. Ext.

Ext. Ext. Ext.

60 cm

12 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 Subrack configurations (U3)
48 E1/T1
0 STM1/OC3
1 A2SU
8 TCUs

0 E1/T1
1 STM1/OC3
1 A2SU
MGW 8 TCUs
Cabinet

0 E1/T1 96 E1(128 T1)

2 STM1/OC3
0 STM-1/OC3
0 A2SU
7 TCUs 0 A2SU
*(1*(2
*(1*(2

TBUF

5 TCU
NIWU
NIWU
IP NIU / NISx
IP NIU / NISx
NIWU/ NIP1
NIWU/ NIP1
NIWU/ NIP1
NIWU

NIWU
NIWU

TBUF
PD20
MXU
MXU
TCU
TCU
TCU
TCU

TCU

ISU
__

13 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 Network interfaces
TDM used for:
• A-interface TDM
• PSTN
• IWF E1/T1/JT1
• MSS interconnections STM-1/OC3

ATM
MGW
STM-1/
OC3
IP
E1/T1/JT1
Ethernet

ATM over STM-1/OC3

or E1/T1/JT1 (IMA) IP used for:
used for: • H.248 control
• Iu • IP user plane to backbone
• ATM backbone • SIGTRAN

14 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

End-to-end summary about MSS Speech Codecs
GSM PSTN
Transcoder G.711
G.711

BTS G.711 TDM

BSC TC G.711 PSTN MGW 2
MGW 1 Nb/TDM Backbone
• GSM FR
• GSM EFR A ATM/ IP Backbone Nb
• FR AMR
• HR AMR • GSM FR
• GSM HR • GSM EFR • G.711 a/µ law 5 ms
• FR AMR • G.711 a/µ law 20 ms (IP only)
• HR AMR • GSM FR and EFR
Ater Nb • FR and HR AMR
• GSM HR
Nb • UMTS AMR and AMR2
TCU IP/ATM • UMTS AMR-WB
• iLBC
• G.723.1
• H.729 A/B
Mb/
RNC IP IP
BTS Iu-CS Mb IMS
GSM,3G,
WCDMA Up-CS Fss VoIP Codecs
• GSM EFR
• UMTS AMR Fixed VoIP
• UMTS AMR2 UMA
• UMTS AMR-WB VoIP Codecs
Note: Nokia RAN05 support only UMTS AMR 12.2 mode, FR AMR
other AMR modes and AMR-WB will be supported in later Nokia RAN)
15 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
Forced Payload Compression
• Forced Payload Compression introduced in MSS SR1 (U2 / M12) enables compressed
codec (GSM FR, EFR, UMTS AMR2) usage in the IP/ATM backbone as a default codec
(configured in MSC Server and indicated to MGW with call Set-up phase).
• The Forced Payload Compression provides IP/ATM bandwidth savings compared to
G.711 usage but decrease the speech quality because of compressed codec and
additional transcodings in MGW.
• The Forced Payload Compression is useful if bandwidth saving with all calls is more
important than high speech quality (also when TFO/TrFO cannot be utilised). The speech
quality will however be at acceptable level in these cases according to Nokia MSS System
verification. GSM Transcoding
GSM Transcoding

G.711 ATM/IP G.711

TC Backbone TC
A A
BSC BSC
Iu MGW MGW Iu
GSM FR
EFR AMR
AMR AMR
AMR
AMR
Possible Transcoding (with FR/EFR/AMR) RNC
RNC
16 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 2G TFO with G.711
• The TFO is performed by transcoders using inband signaling. TCs overrides part
of 64 kbit/s channel with a compressed codec which is used by both ends.
• The speech data is transferred through MGW in TFO frames without transcosing.
• TFO does not provide IP/ATM transmission savings (G.711 64 kbit/s used) but
better speech quality.

No transcoding...

TFO Negotiation

TC ATM/IP/TDM TC
Backbone
A A
BSC BSC
MGW MGW
G.711 G.711 G.711
Codec

G.711 + Codec in Codec Codec Codec

Codec
TFO Framing

17 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 2G TFO with Payload Optimisation mode
• When TFO Framing is detected the MGW transcoders switch to codec transparent
mode when coded speech is extracted in MGW from 64k circuit and only
compressed speech is transmitted over the IP/ATM backbone.
• Supported compressed codecs in IP/ATM backbone are GSM FR and EFR.
• Provides IP/ATM transmission savings without Speech quality decrease.
• TFO works with this mode automatically if the Forced Payload compression is used.
• Nokia proprietary solution.
TFO peer & codec
extraction

ATM/IP
Backbone TC
TC
A A BSC
BSC
MGW MGW TFO
G.711 GSM FR or EFR G.711
TFO Framing
Framing = G.711
= G.711 + codec
+ codec Codec Codec Codec

18 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 TrFO Functionality
• When Iu and Nb UP (User Plane) have been initialised MGWs goes normally to a
mode where Iu and Nb UP frames are encoded and decoded (transcoded)
between Iu and Nb terminations.
• With TrFO the User Plane goes through MGW without transcoding in cases when
the codec negotiation by MSS has lead to a situation where all terminations can
have compatible 3G codec (i.e. same GSM codec or AMR/AMR-WB codec with
compatible configuration).

Codec negotiation
MSS MSS
Codec information Codec information
exchange exchange

IP/ATM network
AMR
AMR AMR AMR
AMR
RNC MGW MGW RNC
COMPRESSED SPEECH CONNECTION WITHOUT TRANSCODING

19 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 TrFO: Transcoder at the Edge
• In cases of GSM/PSTN – 3G calls via IP/ATM backbone the complete TrFO is not
possible but can be utilised in the 3G side.
• In these cases the transcoding applies in GSM/PSTN side but optimised transmission
savings in IP/ATM backbone and partially enhanced speech quality and smaller delay
can be realised.

MSC Server Codec negotiation MSC Server

MGW Codec information

MGW exchange
control control

IP/ATM network TrFO

PSTN/GSM
G.711 AMR AMR AMR
MGW MGW RNC
Transcoding
20 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
Capacity

21 © 2005 Nokia MSC Server System recap.ppt / Nov 2006 / JJS

Nokia Standalone MSS Capacity Roadmap

M13.0 M13.2
Capacity when number of Subscribers 1.000.000 1.500.000
subscribers are maximized BHCA 1.000.000 1.200.000
SMS/BH 1.000.000 900.000
Nokia Default Traffic Profile Subscribers 1.000.000 1.200.000
BHCA 1.000.000 1.200.000
SMS/BH 1.000.000 1.200.000
Applicable to all traffic profiles Simultaneous Calls 41.500 41.500

HW Configuration CPU CP710-A/CP816-A** CP710-A/CP816-A**

Message Bus MBIF-C MBIF-C

* EMB upgradeable also to existing installations

** CP816-A needed in some functional units

Upgraded Standalone MSC Server (MSSu) can reach the same maximum capacities
(MSCi´s having forced ventilated cabinets)

22 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Nokia Standalone GCS Capacity Roadmap

M13.0 M13.4
Capacity BHCA 2.000.000 3.000.000
Simultaneous Calls 60.000 60.000

HW Configuration* CPU CP710-A (or newer) CP710-A (or

Message Bus MBIF-C newer)
MBIF-C

23 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

Nokia MGW Capacity Roadmap

U3
Port E1 1.260 (20 x STM-1)
Capacity* T1 1.680 (20 x OC3)
IP ports 10.000
ATM ports 27.000

Call Handling BHCA 900.000 (U3B)

Capacity** Simultaneous Calls 15.000

HW Signal Processing Unit CDSP-C

Configuration CPU CCP10

* Different port capacities are partly mutually exclusive since different interface types share partly same Plug In Unit slots
** Total throughput capacity is dependent on the used call profile and interfaces

24 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

MSS Site Connectivity

25 © 2005 Nokia MSC Server System recap.ppt / Nov 2006 / JJS

General site architecture principles
•Site connectivity is based on Ethernet
•Connectivity between various elements within a site is based on L2 switching and IP
routers
•Multilayer site switch is an L2/L3 switch which enables the intra-site Ethernet
connectivity between network elements and also the intra- to inter-site connectivity

Packet switched domain

Circuit switched domain

MGW Traffica MSC NEMU Charging

Server Gi Firewall GGSN Gateway

Multilayer
switch
ethernet
ethernet

ethernet
Gigaethernet/SDH Border 2G 3G
Gateway SGSN SGSN
WAN
Servers DNS VPN
Common elements gateway
and servers
26 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 Rel4 CS Core site options
• 3GPP Rel-4 architecture brings the separation of control and user planes
• This makes it possible to locate the MGWs handling the user plane
independently of the controlling MSC Servers

BSC/RNC site with MGW

2G and 3G
RNC MGW
radio access
BTS

BTS
BSC

2G and 3G RNC
radio access
BTS Regional SDH MGW
BTS BSC

SDH to other
MSS core sites
BSC/RNC site

Core site
27 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 Core site solution – physical connectivity
Core Site
MGW
HLR MSC/MSS
RNC

GRX/ BG
Roaming
ATM (STM-1)
partners L2/L3 switch FE/GE/POS
FW
ISP peering/
Internet
exchange RNC
3G SGSN sites
IP router
Connectivtiy to external
networks PLMN
SDH/
ƒ Nokia IP740 Firewall DWDM backbone
router Servers
GGSN Core
ƒ Checkpoint FW/VPN sites

ƒ Resilience, scalability Connectivtiy using the IP Backbone

ƒ GTP awareness ƒ Cisco 7600 as LAN switch and edge router (also MPLS)
ƒ In large networks additionally Cisco 12000 GSR as MPLS core
ƒ QoS aware, resilient configurations, scalable, inbuilt security
28 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 Standard
RNC MSC Server/MGW site solution
RNC

ATM
STM-1
3G SGSN External
IP network The MSC Server/MGW Site
connections Solution is implemented
User with a duplicated modular
Userplane
plane signalling
signalling
Switch IP NIU ESB
site switch. It is used:
User Switch IP NIU
Userplane
plane matrix
matrix
ESB signalling
signalling
IPIPNIU
NIU ESB
ESB signalling
signalling • To interconnect the MSC
NEMU Servers and MGWs
NEMU Power Power

O&M
O&M signalling
signalling • To connect the MSC Server
O&M
O&M signalling to the operator IP network.
signalling
ESA24
ESA24 ESB
ESB O&M
O&M
Signalling ESA24
ESA24 ESB • The modular site switch is
Signalling ESB
Power Power a Cisco 7609
Signalling
Signalling
Nokia MSC
O&M
Nokia MGW Server O&M
Site Switch
NEMU
NEMU
29 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 High-capacity site solutions

MSC Server site solution

ƒ Double Cisco OSR 7609 chassis
MSC Server
MGW TDM ƒ Optionally each chassis with
backbone duplicated router / supervisor module

Cost optimised MGW site

ƒ Single Cisco OSR 7609 chassis
IP backbone ƒ Chassis with duplicated router /
supervisor module
Site Switch ƒ Duplicated line cards recommended

9 Investment protection by capacity, reliability and expandability

30 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

LAN topology for MSC server
SWU variants:
• ESB26 is a 22-port 10/100BaseT/Tx + 2-port 1000 BaseT + 2-port 1000BaseSX Ethernet LAN
switch plug-in unit integrated in the TMSCi, Compact MSCi, MSS, GCS, CDS, HLRi and SRRi
mechanics.
• ESB20-A is a 20-port 10/100BaseT/Tx Ethernet LAN switch plug-in unit integrated in the MSCi,
TMSCi, Compact MSCi, MSS, GCS, CDS, HLRi and SRRi mechanics.
• Each cabinet has redundant SWU pair (two pcs per cabinet)

• Each signalling unit is connected to the SWU pair of the same cabinet

31 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

MSC Server virtual LANs

• LAN traffic can be divided

into separate VLANs in
ESB20-A switch on port
basis

32 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 LAN topology for MGW
SWU variants:
• ESA24 is a 24 port 10/100BaseT/Tx Ethernet LAN switch plug-in unit integrated into the
MGW mechanics
• Two ESA24 per MGW

33 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

MGW virtual LANs

• LAN traffic can be divided

into separate VLANs in
ESA24-switch on port basis

34 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

 MSS Core site control plane and O&M traffic

EL0
Control Plane
*SU
EL1
ESB20
Signaling & EL0
*SU
Control units EL1

ESB20
EL0
*SU
EL1 VPN GW

EL0 DNS
O&M
EL1
ESB20
EL0
OSR
O&M & Charging O&M
units EL1

ESB20
EL0
O&M
EL1
MSS
IP
Backbone
EL0
ISU
EL1

Signaling & EL0

ISU
Control units EL1

ISU
EL0
ESA24 OSR
EL1

DNS
EL0
NEMU ESA24
EL1
100BaseT VPN GW
O&M EL0
OMU
EL1

EL0
OMU
EL1
MGW
35 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007
 MSS Core site user plane traffic
User Plane

AI0
SFU/
MXUs
OSR
IPFEP (WO)
AI0
AI1
TPG-0

AI2

AI0 IP
User plane units TPG-1 Backbone

AI0
IPFEP
AI0 (SP)
TPG-2 AI1

AI2

OSR

MGW GbE or 8*100BaseT

36 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007

User Plane topology

37 © 2005 Nokia Nokia MSC Server System overview.ppt /Feb 2007