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    Performance Analysis of Phase Shifted SPWM Technique For Three Phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter

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    Performance Analysis of Phase Shifted SPWM Technique For Three Phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter

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    Performance Analysis of Phase Shifted SPWM Technique For Three Phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter

    Uploaded by

    Elea Jack

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    © 2017 IJSRST | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | Print ISSN: 2395-6011 | Online ISSN: 2395-602X

    National Conference on Advances in Engineering and Applied Science (NCAEAS)


    16th February 2017
    In association with
    International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

    Performance Analysis of phase shifted SPWM Technique for Three


    Phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter
    Anirudha Gedam, Saurabh Rahangdale, Shaharukh Pathan
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Anjuman College of Engineering & Tech, R.T.M. Nagpur
    University, Nagpur, Maharastra, India.

    ABSTRACT
    The Primary function of VSI is to convert fixed DC voltage into variable AC voltage at required voltage and
    frequency. The diode-clamped multilevel inverter employs clamping diodes and cascaded dc capacitors to produce
    ac voltage waveforms with multiple levels. The inverter can be generally configured as a three-, four-, or five-level
    topology, but only the three-level inverter, often known as neutral-point clamped (NPC) inverter, has found wide
    application in high-power medium-voltage (MV) drives. The dc input voltage of the inverter is normally split by two
    cascaded dc capacitors, providing a floating neutral point. The control of the neutral-point voltage deviation is also
    elaborated.The dc supplies are normally obtained from multipulse diode rectifiers. Phase shifted PWM Technique is
    analyzed and its performance will be compared. Simulation results will be presented to analyze the performance of
    the PWM techniques. The simulation results will be verified using experimental results
    Keywords : SPWM, MV, DC, NPC, PWM, VSI, ASD, UPS, FACTS, SHE

    I. INTRODUCTION II. METHODS AND MATERIAL

    Inverter is device which converts electrical energy in A. Need of three Level Inverter
    DC form into AC form. The main objective of static
    power converters is to produce an AC output waveform The output voltage contains higher values of Total
    from a dc power supply. These are the types of Harmonic Distortion(THD), hence fundamental
    waveforms required in adjustable speed drives (ASDs), component gets reduced. In two level inverter there are
    uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), static VAR more switching stresses on the devices. Such inverters
    compensators, active filters, flexible ac transmission are not applicable for high voltage application. The
    systems (FACTS) and voltage compensators. The higher voltage level are not produced in two level
    primary function of a voltage source inverter (VSI) is to inverter. Since higher switching frequency is used,
    convert a fixed dc voltage to three-phase ac voltage hence switching losses are high. Where high-quality
    with variable magnitude and frequency. voltage waveforms are required, power converters,
    specifically inverters are constructed from power
    In voltage source inverter thyristor, IGBT, MOSFET, switches and the ac output waveforms are therefore
    GTO can be used as switches. Generally thyristor are made up of discrete values. This leads to the generation
    not used because they require forced commutation. of waveforms that feature fast transition rather than
    Single-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs) and smooth ones. For instance, the ac output voltage
    current source (CSIs) can be found as half-bridge and produced by the VSI of a standard ASD is a three-level.
    full-bridge topologies. Although this waveform is not sinusoidal expected its
    fundamental component behaves as such. This behavior
    should be ensured by a modulating technique that

    NCAEAS2353 | NCAEAS | ACET | January-February-2017 [(3)2: 336-340]


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    Volume 3 | Issue 2 | IJSRST/Conf/NCAEAS/ACET/2017/53

    controls the amount of time and the sequence used to SWITCHING STATE OF THE THREE-LEVEL DIODE
    switch the power valves on and off. The modulating CLAMPED INVERTER.
    techniques most used are the carrier-based technique
    (e.g., sinusoidal pulse width modulation, SPWM), the
    space-vector (SV) technique, and the selective-
    harmonic-elimination (SHE) technique, phase shifted
    pulse width modulation. The discrete shape of the ac
    output waveforms generated by these topologies
    imposes basic restrictions on the applications of
    inverters.

    B. Three Phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter

    In the recent past the multilevel power converters have


    drawn a tremendous interest in the field of high voltage
    and high power applications field in industries. The
    multilevel inverter approach allows the use of high
    power and high voltage electric motor drive systems.
    Using the multilevel inverter concept, a divide and
    conquer approach allows more flexibility and control
    over the discrete components that makeup the system.
    In the researches on multilevel inverters, their
    corresponding PWM control strategies are the emerging Figure 2. Desired pole voltage for three level
    research areas. In high power and high voltage
    applications, the two level inverters, however, have 3.SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
    some limitations in operating at high frequency mainly
    due to switching losses, dv/dt and di/dt stresses in Sinusoidal pulse width modulation is a method of pulse
    power semiconductor devices and constraint of the width modulation used in inverters. An inverter
    semiconductor power device ratings. For high voltage produces an AC output voltage from a DC input by
    applications two or more power devices can be using switching circuits to simulate a sine wave by
    connected in series to achieve the desired voltage producing one or more square pulses of voltage per half
    ratings and in parallel to achieve the current ratings. cycle. If the widths of the pulses are adjusted as a
    Multilevel inverters can increase the power by the means of regulating the output voltage, the output is
    series connection of power semiconductor devices. said to be pulse width modulated.
    Working
    With sinusoidal or sine weighted pulse width
    modulation, several pulses are produced per half cycle.
    The pulses near the edges of the half cycle are always
    narrower than the pulses near the center of the half
    cycle such that the pulse widths are proportional to the
    corresponding amplitude of a sine wave at that portion
    of the cycle. To change the effective output voltage, the
    widths of all pulses are increased or decreased while
    maintaining the sinusoidal proportionality.
    Figure 1. Three-level diode clamped inverter

    International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com)


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    Volume 3 | Issue 2 | IJSRST/Conf/NCAEAS/ACET/2017/53

    With pulse width modulation, only the widths (on-time)


    of the pulses are modulated. The amplitudes (voltage)
    during the "on-time" is constant unless a multi-step
    circuit is used. The line-to neutral voltage of a 3-phase
    inverter has two voltage levels.

    Figure 2. Spectrum Analysis of Phase shifted


    Figure 3. Comparison of Sine and triangular wave for sinusoidal PWM modulation.
    Three Level
    MATLAB Simulation results for phase shifted SPWM
    SPWM Technique for Three Phase Diode Clamped Three Level
    Inverter.
    Phase shifted SPWM Technique

    In general, a multilevel inverter with m voltage levels


    requires (m – 1) triangular carriers. In the phase-shifted
    multicarrier modulation, all the triangular carriers have
    the same frequency and the same peak-to-peak
    amplitude, but there is a phase shift between any two
    adjacent carrier waves, given by

    Φcr = 360°/ (m – 1)
    Figure 6. Circuit diagram of three level inverter.
    The modulating signal is usually a three-phase
    sinusoidal wave with adjustable amplitude and
    frequency. The gate signals are generated by comparing
    the modulating wave with the carrier waves.

    Figure 4. Phase shifted sinusoidal PWM modulation.


    Figure 7. waveform of voltage across neutral (Van)

    International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com)


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    Volume 3 | Issue 2 | IJSRST/Conf/NCAEAS/ACET/2017/53

    becomes low in the output waveform without using


    any filter circuit.

    APPLICATIONS OF THREE LEVEL INVERTER

    Multi-level (Three level) inverters have been developed


    for electric utility applications.
    1. Three level inverters used in static VAR
    compensators.
    Figure 8. waveform of line voltage (Vab) 2. It enables direct parallel or series transformer-less
    connection to medium- and high-voltage power
    systems.
    3. Three level inverter can be used for power supply,
    (hybrid) electric vehicle (EV) motor drive, reactive
    power (VAR) and harmonic compensation.

    IV. CONCLUSION

    In phase shifted SPWM the lower order harmonics are


    almost eliminated and also power consumed by each
    switch is almost same. Hence phase shifted PWM
    Figure 9. waveform of load voltage (Vl) technique is used.

    III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION V. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

    ADAVANTAGES OF THREE-LEVEL DIODE We are very much please to submit present “Project
    CLAMPED INVERTER. Report”. It has been prepared in compliance with the
    course in “Electrical Engineering”, set by the university
    The Three-level diode clamped inverter has a several curriculum. The guidance of our honorable guide has
    advantages that is not left untouched a single page of our report and
    helped as a great deal in completing on time.
    1. Common mode voltage: The multilevel inverter
    produce common mode voltage reducing the motor We are grateful to our Prof. RUHI UZMA SHEIKH
    and don’t damage the motor Ma‟ am for giving constant encouragement and
    2. Input current: Multilevel inverter can draw input guidance. We extend our thanks to Principal Dr.Sajid
    current with low distortion. Anwar who is our source of inspiration and extended
    3. Switching Frequency: The multilevel inverter can every facility to us.
    operate at both fundamental switching frequencies
    that are higher switching frequency and lower Lastly, we are also thankful to our HOD Prof Mrs
    switching frequency .It should be noted that the Archana Shirbhate Ma‟ am and all who helped directly
    lower switching and indirectly during the course of this report.
    4. Reduced harmonic distortion: Selective harmonic
    elimination technique along with the multilevel
    topology result the total harmonic distortion

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    Volume 3 | Issue 2 | IJSRST/Conf/NCAEAS/ACET/2017/53

    VI. REFERENCES

    [1]. P. Palanive, Subhransu Sekherdash, "Phase


    Shifted Carrier Pulse Width Modulation For
    Three Phase Multilevel Inverter to Minimize
    THD and Enhance Output Voltage Performance",
    JES,2010.
    [2]. Sachin Maheshari, Prabodh Khampariya,
    "Simulation of Single Phase SPWM Inverter" ,
    IJIRAE, vol-1, oct-2014.
    [3]. Rajesh Kumar Ahuja, Amit Kumar, "Analysis,
    Design and Control of Sinusoidal PWM Three
    Phase Voltage Source Inverter Feeding Balanced
    Loads at Different Carrier Frequencies Using
    MATLAB," IJAREEIE vol-3, may-2014.
    [4]. Bin Wu, "High Power Converter & AC Drives" ,
    pp. 95-142.
    [5]. M.H.Rashid, "Power Electronics Handbook",
    2001 pp. 225-260.

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