Academic Reading and Writing
Academic Reading and Writing
Academic Reading and Writing
Department of English
• Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word
is used.
• In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a verb or
adjective in the next.
• Getting meaning
Example:-
• They are encouraging reports. (Is it meaningful?)
• A noun is the name of any thing.
Cont…
• Nouns are usually the first words which small children learn.
Examples:-
• Late last year our neighbors bought a goat.
• Portia White was an opera singer.
• The bus inspector looked at all the passengers' passes.
• According to Plutarch, the library at Alexandria was destroyed in 48
B.C.
• Philosophy is of little comfort to the starving.
Cont…
• A noun can function in a sentence as
• a subject, (e.g, Emma baked a cake.)
• a direct object, (e.g, Emma baked a cake.)
• an indirect object: (e.g, Emma backed Kate a cake.)
• a subject complement, (e.g, Peter is an honest banker.)
• an object complement, (e.g, Chocolate makes Tania happy.)
• an appositive, (e.g, My teacher, Miss Liza, is from England.)
• an adjective, (e.g, Andi purchased a mountain bike.)
• or an adverb, (e.g,I can barely see a foot in front of me in this fog.
Cont…
A noun or pronoun changes its form to show that it owns or is closely related to
something else. Usually, nouns become possessive by adding a combination of
an apostrophe and the letter "s."
Examples:-
• The red suitcase is Cassandra's.
• The miner's face was covered in coal dust.
1. A common noun is a noun referring to a person, place, or thing in a general
sense -- usually, you should write it with a capital letter only when it begins a
sentence.
• Use with specific person, place, or thing.
• The names of days of the week, months, historical documents, institutions,
organizations, religions, their holy texts and their adherents are proper nouns.
Examples:-
1. Many people dread Monday mornings.
2. Beltane is celebrated on the first of May.
• which you can not perceive through your five physical senses.
Examples:-
• Buying the fire extinguisher was an afterthought.
• Tillie is amused by people who are nostalgic about childhood.
• Justice often seems to slip out of our grasp.
• Some scientists believe that schizophrenia is transmitted genetically.
• Noun with both a singular and a plural form.
Examples:
1. We painted the table red and the chairs blue.
2. Since he inherited his aunt's library, Jerome spends every
weekend indexing his books.
• Naming a group of things, animals, or persons.
• Think of the group as a whole .
Examples:-
1. The flock of geese spends most of its time in the pasture
2. The steering committee meets every Wednesday afternoon.
3. The class was startled by the bursting light bulb.
A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun to avoid repetition.
Examples:-
1. I was glad to find the bus pass in the bottom of the green knapsack.
2. You are surely the strangest child I have ever met.
3. He stole the selkie's skin and forced her to live with him.
• The verb is perhaps the most important part of the sentence.
• A verb or compound verb asserts something about the subject of the
sentence and express actions, events, or states of being.
• Place of an occurrence
• usually placed after the main verb or after the clause that they modify.
• E.g, here,there,near,outside,inside,bottom,top,ahead,somewhere,beneath etc.
Examples:-
•He went downstairs.
• I'm going back to school.
• They built a house nearby.
➢Adverb of Time
Examples:-
➢Preposition of location
▪ It is used to indicate the location or position of the objects.
▪ Examples are on, in, under, in front of, among, between
➢Prepositions of time
• https://www.slideshare.net/GerardoMolinaOreamun/parts-of-speech-20107710
• https://www.google.com/search?q=example+of+subject+complement
• http://www.studyandexam.com
• https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/object_complement.htm