Counselling in Hiv/Aids: Qurrot Ulain Taher
Counselling in Hiv/Aids: Qurrot Ulain Taher
Counselling in Hiv/Aids: Qurrot Ulain Taher
IN HIV/AIDS
cOUnSelIng SkIllS
PrOPerly USeD Are tOOlS
tO HelP InDIVIDUAlS Seek
AnD FInD tHeIr Own
SOlUtIOnS tO tHe
DIleMMAS tHey FAce.
TYPES OF HIV TESTS
Antibody Tests: The most common HIV tests look for HIV antibodies in your body, rather than
looking for HIV itself:
• Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) tests use blood, oral fluid, or urine to detect HIV antibodies.
Results for these tests can take up to two weeks.
• Rapid HIV antibody tests also use blood, oral fluid, or urine to detect HIV antibodies. Results
for these tests can take 10–20 minutes.
• If you get a positive result from either of these tests, you will need to take another test,
called a Western blot test, to confirm that result. It can take up to two weeks to confirm a
positive result.
Antigen Tests
These tests are not as common as antibody tests, but they can be used to diagnose HIV
infection earlier—from 1-3 weeks after you are first infected with HIV. Antigen tests require a
blood sample.
• PCR Test (Polymerase chain reaction test)
This test detects the genetic material of HIV itself, and can identify HIV in the blood within 2-
3 weeks of infection.
Babies born to HIV-positive mothers are tested with a special PCR test, because their blood
contains their mother's HIV antibodies for several months. This means they would test HIV-
positive on a standard antibody test—but a PCR test can determine whether the babies have
HIV themselves.
Blood supplies in most developed countries are screened for HIV using PCR tests. PCR tests
are also used to measure viral loads for people who are HIV-positive.
WHY IS COunSElIng
nECESSarY?
• Respectful
• Structuring and prioritization
• Help to formulate strategies
• Help develop coping mechanisms
STagES OF COunSElIng
• Rapport building
• Gaining trust
• Explaining limits
• Problem identification
• Discuss options
• Take action
• Follow up
role of counselor
Advocacy role
Health education
Referral
Clinical and therapeutic role
contents of
counseling
A. Pregnant women
B. Childless couples
C. Breast feeding positive mothers
D. Spouse and family members of HIV infected
persons
some Common
Counseling errors
a. Directing and leading
b. Being judgmental and evaluating
c. Moralizing, preaching and patronizing
d. Unwarranted reassurance
e. Not accepting the client’s feeling
f. Interrogating
g. Encouraging dependencies
aids aWareness
These are just some of the days that promote HIV/AIDS
awareness
National Black HIV/AIDS awareness day every February
7th.
· National Women’s and Girls HIV/AIDS awareness day
every March 10th.
· National Native American HIV/AIDS awareness day every
May 20th.
· HIV vaccine awareness day every May 18th.
· National Asian and Pacific Islanders HIV/AIDS awareness
day every May 19th.
· National Caribbean HIV/AIDS awareness day every June
8th.
· National HIV testing day every June 27th.
· National Latino HIV/AIDS awareness day every October
15th.
· World AIDS day every December 1st.