Caffeine PDF
Caffeine PDF
Caffeine PDF
Summary
Caffeine is a drug that stimulates (increases the activity of) your brain and nervous system.
Caffeine is found in many drinks such as coffee, tea, soft drinks and energy drinks. Chocolate also contains
caffeine.
Energy drinks often have more caffeine and sugar than soft drinks.
Pregnant women, athletes and children should limit their caffeine intake.
Caffeine is naturally found in the leaves and fruits of some plants. It is in coffee, black and green tea, cocoa, cola
soft drinks and energy drinks. It may also be in chocolate bars, energy bars and some non-prescription
medications, such as cough syrup and slimming tablets. Guarana (a popular additive in energy drinks) is also a
natural source of caffeine.
Caffeine is a stimulant, which means it increases activity in your brain and nervous system. It also increases the
circulation of chemicals such as cortisol and adrenaline in the body.
In small doses, caffeine can make you feel refreshed and focused. In large doses, caffeine can make you feel
anxious and have difficulty sleeping.
Like many other drugs, it’s possible to develop a tolerance to caffeine, which means you need bigger and bigger
doses to achieve the same effect.
What does caffeine do to your body?
Caffeine is well absorbed by the body, and the short-term effects are usually experienced between 5 and 30
minutes after having it. These effects can include increased breathing and heart rate, and increased mental
alertness and physical energy. Depending on the individual, these effects can last up to 12 hours.
Some of the signs and symptoms of having too much caffeine include:
a rise in body temperature
frequent urination
dehydration
dizziness and headaches
rapid heartbeat (palpitations)
restlessness and excitability
anxiety and irritability
trembling hands
sleeplessness
first feeling energetic but then having an even greater feeling of tiredness.
How much caffeine is okay each day?
How you react to caffeine depends on your body mass, health and metabolism. It also depends on whether your
body is used to getting regular doses of caffeine and how much you have in one serving. Research suggests that
400mg per day or less is an acceptable dose of caffeine for the general population.
Approximate caffeine levels per serve include:
betterhealth.vic.gov.au
Caffeine Page 1 of 3
chocolate drinks: 5–10mg per 250ml
instant coffee: 80–120mg per 250ml
drip or percolated coffee: 150–240mg per 250ml
espresso coffees such as espresso or latte: 105–110mg per 250ml
decaffeinated coffee: 2–6mg per 250ml
black tea: 65–105mg per 250ml
cola drinks: 40–49mg per 375ml
Red Bull energy drink: 80mg per 250 ml
energy drink: 160mg per 250ml
dark chocolate bar: 40-50mg per 55g serve
milk chocolate bar – 10mg per 50g serve
guarana: can contain up to 100mg per 1g of guarana
caffeine tablets such as No-Doz – 100mg per tablet.
Energy drinks and caffeine
Energy drinks contain caffeine, as well as ingredients such as taurine and guarana (a natural source of caffeine).
Energy drinks do not hydrate and should not be confused with sports drinks.
The caffeine and sugar content of energy drinks is high. In fact it is often higher than in soft drinks. The levels of
caffeine in energy drinks vary between brands, so it is important to read the label before having them.
Children and pregnant women should avoid drinking energy drinks.
Caffeine dependency and withdrawal
Like many other drugs, it’s possible to build up a tolerance to caffeine. This means you become used to its effects
on your body and need to take larger amounts to achieve the same results. Over time, you may become physically
and psychologically dependent on caffeine to function effectively.
If you are dependent on caffeine and you stop having it, you may experience withdrawal symptoms. These may
include:
fatigue
crankiness
persistent headache
sweating
muscle pain
anxiety.
Symptoms of caffeine withdrawal may begin within 12 to 24 hours and can last about seven days.
The easiest way for you to break caffeine dependence is to reduce the amount you’re having gradually. This gives
your nervous system time to adapt to functioning without the drug.
Children, pregnant women, athletes and caffeine
Some people who need to take special care with caffeine include:
children – currently there are no guidelines for children's intake of caffeine. Caffeine intake should be
investigated if children are showing symptoms of irritability, inability to sleep, interrupted sleep or stomach
upsets. Remember that caffeine is present in many soft drinks and chocolate, not just coffee and tea. The
consumption of energy drinks should also be closely monitored
pregnant women – if you are pregnant, limit your caffeine intake to 200mg per day or less, or avoid it
altogether. Having high amounts of caffeine may increase your risk of miscarriage, experiencing a difficult
birth and having a baby with a low birth weight
athletes – caffeine is not classified as a prohibited substance under the World Anti-Doping Code 2015
Prohibited List. The Australian Institute of Sport lists it as a Group A substance, which means it’s 'supported
betterhealth.vic.gov.au
Caffeine Page 2 of 3
for use in specific situations in sport' and 'provided or permitted for use by some athletes according to best
practice protocols'.
However, check the anti-doping rules of your particular sporting code to make sure caffeine is not a restricted drug
for the sport you play.
Where to get help
Your GP (doctor)
Pharmacist.
This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:
Alcohol and Drug Foundation
Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service,
product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and
is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and
materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all
aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek
advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to
ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in
their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health & Human Services shall not bear any
liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.
For the latest updates and more information, visit www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au
Copyright © 1999/2020 State of Victoria. Reproduced from the Better Health Channel
(www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au) at no cost with permission of the Victorian Minister for Health. Unauthorised
reproduction and other uses comprised in the copyright are prohibited without permission.
betterhealth.vic.gov.au
Caffeine Page 3 of 3