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Herbert Puchta & Jeff Stranks
Workbook
HELBLING LANGUAGES
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Contents Shared by ThayTro.Net
UNIT 4 Superstitions 24
Grammar review 88
UNIT 1 I’ve lost my wallet!
Dialogue work Shared by ThayTro.Net
2
1 Complete the dialogue with the Present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. Then listen
and check.
Olivia Hi Jack, do you have a minute?
Jack Sure! What is it?
Olivia It’s John’s birthday next week and I’d like it to be special.
Jack Good idea. How long 1 ...................... you ...................... (know) each other?
Olivia Well, we 2 ...................... (be) together for five months. So this is the first time I 3 ......................
(do) anything for his birthday.
Jack I see. How about going to a restaurant?
Olivia Hmm. That’s not very special. John 4 ...................... (take) me to lots of restaurants.
Jack And 5 ...................... you ...................... (decide) on a present? Maybe a book?
Olivia Hmm. I 6 ...................... never ...................... (see) John reading a book. I think he prefers
watching films.
Jack OK – how about taking him to the cinema?
Olivia Great idea! We both love going to the cinema. And that romantic comedy with Adam
Sandler is on! I 7 ...................... (want) to see that film for ages.
Jack But … does John like romantic films?
Olivia Oh, who cares! I love Adam Sandler!
4 UNIT 1
Vocabulary and Communication
Objects
3
1 Write the words under the pictures. Then listen and check.
Holidays
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.
1 going
Are you ...................... hiking this summer?
2 My parents usually ...................... lots of sightseeing, but I prefer to ...................... the beach.
3 I always ...................... a lot of postcards when I go on holiday.
4 This year we ...................... holiday to Russia.
5 It’s expensive ...................... souvenirs for all your friends.
6 I love ...................... photographs of the places I visit.
7 Would you rather ...................... relatives or ...................... a hotel?
8 Dad wants us to ...................... camping, but Mum isn’t keen.
UNIT 1 5
Grammar
Present perfect
1 Match the sentences to the pictures.
1 He’s started his homework. 4 She’s gone to the shops.
2 He’s finished his homework. 5 She hasn’t worked today.
3 She’s been to the shops. 6 She hasn’t had a break today.
A B C
D E F
3 Complete the sentences with the Present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 I ......................... (be) ill since last week.
2 I don’t know why my friend ......................... (not call) me. ......................... (I / do) something wrong?
3 I ......................... (have) this watch for a week. It was a birthday present from my parents.
4 I ......................... (just hurt) my foot, so I can’t play football tonight.
5 I ......................... (have) my dinner, but I ......................... (not do) my homework.
6 My grandmother ......................... (never / go) to a rock concert.
6 UNIT 1
Grammar
5 Complete the postcard using the phrases in the box.
hasn’t been have visited ’s been ‘ve met hasn’t had ’ve been ‘s rained ‘ve spent
Hi Lisa
We’re in London on holiday. We 1 .............................. here for a week
now, and we’re having a good time.
I 2 .............................. a lot of friends, and we 3 .............................. a lot of
money in the shops and cafés!
Mum and Dad 4 .............................. lots of museums, as usual!
Molly 5 .............................. a good time, because she 6 ..............................
ill since Thursday. I think it’s because the weather 7 ..............................
good – it 8 .............................. every day.
See you soon.
Love Jenny
8 Complete the questions. Write answers that are true for you.
1 How long ...................... you ...................... (live) in this town?
2 How long ...................... you ...................... (know) your best friend?
3 How long ...................... you ...................... (have) your phone?
UNIT 1 7
Skills
Reading
1 Read this article about two unusual friends Then circle the correct answers.
True
Friendship
Shilpa is a tiger. She’s only six months old, and she
was born at a zoo in San Francisco in the USA.
One day, not long ago, the zoo keepers were taking
her around the zoo when they went past a special
swimming pool. It’s a very large pool with glass
walls around it, and it’s the place where the dolphins
live and play. Well, they were walking past when
Shilpa saw a strange animal with a long nose on the
other side of the glass. Shilpa was excited, so the
zoo keepers decided to introduce her to the young
animal in the pool.
The animal’s name is Maverick, and he’s a dolphin.
He’s only 14 months old, and he has lived in the zoo
all his life. Maverick saw Shilpa and came up to the
side of the glass to look at the young tiger. Shilpa
sat there for a long time – just watching. Maverick
put his nose against the side of the pool, and began
to press against the glass. He was probably saying
Do you believe that animals can be good friends hello in dolphin language!
with each other? For me, the answer is ‘yes’! I’ve had They got on really well, and now Shilpa visits
my dog, Buster, for four years now. My neighbours Maverick every day. They have been friends since
gave him to me when they moved house. Then, last the first day they met. When Shilpa gets to the pool,
January, I bought a parrot. Since then, they have Maverick is already waiting for the little tiger! In fact
been very good friends. They never fight. My parrot Maverick is sad if she’s late.
even likes to ride around on Buster’s back!
Tigers are different from normal cats. They like
And have you heard the story of the tiger and the water, and they can swim very well. Perhaps one day
dolphin? I’ll tell you. they will let Shilpa swim with Maverick!
8 UNIT 1
Skills
Listening
5
2 Listen and complete the notices. Write one or two words in each gap.
LOST HELP!
Have you seen my ...................... ?
1
Please help me find my 5 ...................... ,
He’s called Bono, and he’s black and Peanut.
2
...................... . I lost him in the park 3 I haven’t seen him for 6 ...................... .
...................... . He’s big and 7 ...................... with two
He often runs away like this, but this 8
...................... paws. He’s very friendly. We
is the first time he has stayed away so got him in 9 ...................... , so he doesn’t
long! He’s only 4 ...................... old and I’m know this area very well. Please take him
worried! home and contact me if you see him.
Call 1776 425643 email: mike1@ topmail.com
Writing
4 Write an email to a friend about what you have done recently. Follow the instructions.
1 Think about some news you can tell a friend. Think of three or four things you have done
in the last week or two weeks (for example, places you have been to, people you have met,
things you have eaten). Make notes.
2 What do you feel about this news? Does it make you feel happy or sad? Make notes.
3 Write an email in 50–100 words. Try to make it sound interesting for your friend.
UNIT 1 9
UNIT 2 At the cinema
Text work
1 Circle the film you think was the most popular film ever made.
The Godfather E.T. Titanic Gone with the Wind Lord of the Rings Avatar
The best?
Of course, no-one can agree what the best
movie is. But films like Gone with the Wind,
Casablanca, Star Wars and Lord of the Rings
are on many people’s lists. What’s your
opinion?
10 UNIT 2
Vocabulary and Communication
Types of film
1 Find six words for types of films and write them on the right.
C H F R E N G P H O J N E D
1 ...............................................
R O I A R O M A N T I C V E ...............................................
K R C C C C C C C C C C C M 2 ...............................................
M R C E W A R T C H A R D C ...............................................
N O H S E C R T O O N S T A 3 ...............................................
B R K T S R C O M E D Y R R ...............................................
I S L U T E S N O W W T E T 4 ...............................................
...............................................
U T I R E E H T F I T T A O
5 ...............................................
S A P E R S W Y A Q O O M O
...............................................
S C I E N C E F I C T I O N 6 ...............................................
Y X T W E S T C H I P D E N ...............................................
2 Write the names of your favourite films below each type in exercise 1.
UNIT 2 11
Grammar
Present perfect + yet /already
1 Circle the correct words.
1 I’ve yet / already finished my work.
2 Steve has yet / already seen that film.
3 Jenny hasn’t got up yet / already.
4 James has yet / already bought a new phone.
5 I haven’t finished my homework yet / already.
6 I’m tired. Have you made the dinner yet / already?
2 Complete the email with the Present perfect form of the verbs in the box.
To: Karen
From: David
__________________________________________
Hi Karen,
I 1 ...................... ...................... in Dubai! The flight was very
good. I 2 ...................... a text message to my uncle, and he’s
coming to pick me up soon.
David
12 UNIT 2
Grammar
Present perfect + just
4 Write sentences with the Present perfect and just.
1 he / lose / his car keys 4 we / eat something bad
He’s just lost his car keys.
................................................... ...................................................
................................................... ...................................................
6 Complete the dialogues with the Present perfect or the Past simple of the words in
brackets.
1 A Have
............................................... seen
you ............................................... (see) my glasses? I can’t find them.
B No. When was the last time you ............................................... (see) them?
2 A ............................................... you ever ............................................... (be) to Italy?
B Yes, I ............................................... (be) in Rome last year, for three days.
3 A ............................................... you ............................................... (do) any work for the exam yet?
B No. I ............................................... (not have) time this week.
4 A I ............................................... (send) you three emails last week. Where were you?
B I’m sorry. I ............................................... (be) ill since the beginning of the month.
5 A The new James Bond film ............................................... (come) out last week. Did you know?
B Yes, of course. I ............................................... already ............................................... (be) to see it!
6 A ............................................... the plane ............................................... (arrive) yet?
B Yes, it ............................................... (get) in about 15 minutes ago.
UNIT 2 13
Skills
Reading
1 Read the magazine article and put these films in the order that they were made.
Ben Hur Titanic
Gandhi The Cure for Insomnia
Distant Drums Them!
The Lost World Norbit
14 UNIT 2
Skills
Listening
7
3 Listen to an interview about films and circle the correct words.
1 Tania likes / doesn’t like Pirates of the Caribbean. She thinks
Orlando Bloom is boring / good-looking.
2 Steve likes / doesn’t like Pirates of the Caribbean. He thinks
the special effects are disappointing / cool.
3 Connor likes / doesn’t like Pirates of the Caribbean. He thinks
the Indiana Jones movies were better / not as good.
7
4 Listen again and circle T (true) or F (false).
1 The Pirates of the Caribbean films made Tania laugh. T/F
2 Tania likes the third film most. T/F
3 Steve likes films with romance in them. T/F
4 Steve doesn’t like horror films. T/F
5 Steve hasn’t seen the second Transformers yet. T/F
6 Connor’s friends laughed at the Pirates films. T/F
Writing
5 Read about the actor, Johnny Depp. Then make notes in the table.
Johnny Depp was born in 1963 in Kentucky in the US. His father was
an engineer and his mother was a waitress. He was a very shy boy, and
the family moved a lot because of his father’s job.
When he was 16, Johnny left school and joined a band called The Kids.
But he didn’t make any money and lived in his friend’s car for a long
time.
His first movie role was in 1984, in the film Nightmare on Elm Street.
After that, he started to take serious acting lessons and got a part in a TV show called 21 Jump
Street. In 1990, he was very lucky to get the main role in Edward Scissorhands, which became
a very successful movie. Since then, Johnny Depp has been in many films, usually playing
strange characters. Of course, his most famous role is as Captain Jack Sparrow in the Pirates
of the Caribbean movies.
Johnny Depp
early life
family and school
early films
most famous film
UNIT 2 15
Learning to learn (Units 1 and 2)
Writing a descriptive text
Tips
When you write a descriptive text, think about the following:
• Structure
When you change topic, start a new paragraph. Think about how the paragraphs link. Make sure you
have a good paragraph or sentence to end your text.
• Punctuation
When you’ve finished writing, read through carefully and check the punctuation.
• Language
Use strong adjectives. For example, instead of nice or good, choose wonderful, fabulous or cool.
Think about which adjectives you can use to describe senses. For example:
1 Do you understand the adjectives above? Check, then write one more for each category.
3 Read and underline all the adjectives in the text. Check you understand them.
It was a freezing winter day when I went for a walk along the beach near my new house.
I put on my warmest coat and wrapped a soft scarf around my face, then left my house.
The rocks were at the end of the beach. They were cold and hard under my hands
and feet. I climbed towards the cliffs, then I saw the cave. I stopped to stare at its black
entrance.
Inside the cave, ….
4 Continue the story from exercise 3. Use strong adjectives and the correct punctuation.
16 UNIT 2
Exam skills 1
Speaking
1 Use words from the boxes to make sentences about films. Then answer the questions
about each type of film.
Reading
2 Read Wayne’s article about his hero, Steven Spielberg. Tip Only one answer is
Then answer the questions. Circle A, B or C. correct! Try all the
answers before you
decide.
I ’ve always been a big Steven
Spielberg fan. He has written,
directed and produced so many
Many people don’t realise how
difficult it was to make. Spielberg
had to work very long hours. There Another great thing about him is
films, and I’ve seen all of them. He were lots of problems. It took a that he gives away a lot of money
started making films when he was long time to film and it cost a lot to help people. In 2005 he gave
a child. And when he was 16, the of money. But after Jaws, he was $1.5 million to people in Southeast
cinema in his town showed one famous all over the world. He’s Asia after the tsunami. And he
of his films. He even sold some quite a funny man, too. He used his also gives money to children in
tickets for the show! But his first dog Mikhaila in three films - Jaws, hospital. He’s a real-life hero!
really big success was Jaws. Close Encounters and 1941.
UNIT 2 17
UNIT 3 We’re going to travel to Morocco
Dialogue work
8
1 Complete the dialogue with the phrases below. Then listen and check.
are going (x2) are we going I will will need will have to will be is going
Olivia Hi, Mum. Do you know what we 1 ...................... to do for the summer? It 2 ...................... the
summer holidays soon!
Mum Yes, I know.
Olivia My friends Lisa and Vicky 3 ...................... to visit Paris. Isn’t that fun?
Mum That’s nice.
Olivia And my friend James 4 ...................... to have a holiday in Morocco.
Mum Great.
Olivia So, what 5 ...................... to do?
Mum Sorry, but you 6 ...................... study. You have important exams after the summer, so you
7
...................... to do a lot of work.
Olivia Study?
Mum Yes. But we found a little house near the beach. It’s nice and quiet, and we thought we
could go there for a few weeks. And you can study every day. Will you come with us?
Olivia The beach? Yes, of course 8 ...................... !
Outdoor activities
2 Complete the words for outdoor activities.
1 g __ oc __ ch __ n __ 4 m __ __ n __ __ __ n b __ k __ __ __
2 __ __ v __ __ g 5 c __ n __ __ __ ng
3 t__ __ __ __ __ __ g 6 r __ ck c __ __ m__ __ __ __
20 UNIT 3
Grammar
be going to
4 Look at the pictures and write sentences with be going to. Use a verb from box A and a
noun from box B.
A play have (x2) hit buy rain
UNIT 3 21
Skills
Reading
1 Read the email and circle T (true) or F (false).
_________________________________________
To: Karen
From: David Subject: In love with Australia
Hi Ashley,
I’m in Australia! We're having a great holiday and I’ve taken lots of photos!
The journey here was boring and so long! It took almost 27 hours, because we stopped in Hong Kong, and then
our flight was delayed for a while. I slept on the plane, watched two films and read a book while we were flying.
I was very happy when we finally landed.
But now we’re in Australia, and we’ve already travelled all across the country and explored a lot of places.
Australia – or ‘Oz’ as they call it here – is enormous. In fact, my uncle, who lives in Sydney, says it’s about 4,000
kilometres from one side to the other. The scenery is fantastic! The best thing I’ve seen is Uluru, the mountain in
the middle of the country. We saw the amazing paintings on it too. People from a tribe there painted them on
the rock thousands of years ago. The mountain changes colour during the day. It’s a lovely red in the evening.
There’s an incredible view from the top.
When we were driving there, we saw a lot of kangaroos. They were running and jumping in front of us. I was
excited, but my dad said it was a bit dangerous, because it’s easy to hit one. He was very careful!
Tomorrow, we’re going to go back to Sydney. It’s a lovely city.
We’re staying with my uncle for about a week. He’ll take us to
see all the interesting places. There’s a big bridge and we’re
going to look at the beaches, too. I'd like to swim and maybe
do some surfing. Mum wants to sunbathe. You know, it’s sunny
here every day!
I think I’d like to come to Australia again some day. Maybe I’ll
come here again when I’m older!
Bye for now,
Josie XXX
22 UNIT 3
Skills
Listening
10
3 Listen to Dan talking about Computer Camp and circle the correct answers.
1 A Dan says people who like computers 4 A The project is to build a computer.
are nerds. B The project is to do team sports.
B Dan says no nerds can come to the camp. C The project is to build a robot.
C Dan thinks nerds are OK. 5 A The kids are going to visit the beach.
2 A The kids are going to meet new people in B The camp is near the beach.
the camp. C The lake isn’t near the camp.
B The camp lasts a month. 6 A The students will have to wait a long
C The kids are going to spend two weeks there. time before they can eat.
3 A Steve Jackson is a sportsman. B The students will eat soon.
B Steve Jackson has written a computer game. C The students have already eaten.
C Steve Jackson hates computer games.
Writing
4 Read the holiday adverts and complete the table.
A B
A B
activity
country
price includes
UNIT 3 23
UNIT 4 Superstitions!
Text work
1 Read what four people say about lucky mascots and match them to the correct lucky
mascots.
lucky mascot – something that people use to bring them luck
James I have two things and I wear them both. One is my lucky necklace. It
has a crystal on it. And the other thing is my lucky red socks. Nobody
knows I’m wearing them! I always wear these two things when I need
to do something important for my work, like go to a job interview.
Unfortunately, I failed the last job interview I went to!
OK, this sounds embarrassing, but I have a little toy bear. It’s really small, Amy
but I had it when I was a baby. My mother made it for me, I think. I never,
never show it to anyone, but when I have an important football match,
I always put it in my pocket. It makes me feel better. I think it works,
because I've never lost a match when I had my lucky mascot on me.
Reggie
Please don’t laugh, but I have a photo of my favourite actor, Robert
Pattinson. In my last exam, I took Robert with me and put him in my
pencil case. My friends all think that it is stupid, and of course, it won’t
help me with the exam, but it was just nice to think that Robert was
helping me!
Laura
1 James a photo
2 Amy b necklace
3 Reggie c pen
4 Laura d socks
e toy bear
2 Read the texts again and tick (✓) the correct parts of the table.
Who ... James Amy Reggie Laura
uses their lucky mascot in school?
uses their lucky mascot for sport?
thinks their lucky mascot really works?
never shows anyone their lucky mascot?
24 UNIT 4
Vocabulary and Communication
Star signs
1 Complete the star signs.
UNIT 4 25
Grammar
First conditional
1 Circle the correct words.
1 If you don’t stop playing games, I’ll turn / I turn off your computer!
2 We’ll win the match tomorrow if you play / will play!
3 You’ll feel a lot better if you eat / will eat more vegetables.
4 If I am / will be late, my teacher will be very angry.
5 If I do well in my exams next month, my mother will be / is very happy.
6 If I wear / will wear my lucky red socks, I am sure I will pass my exam!
2 Match phrases 1–6 to phrases a–f. Then make first conditional sentences.
1 it rains today a you do some exercise
2 there isn't a train b take a taxi
3 be healthier c you give me your email address
4 write to you tomorrow d not be able to open the door
5 you forget her birthday e take my umbrella
6 lose my keys f be very angry with you
1 If it rains today, I’ll take my umbrella.
........................................................................................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................................................................................
3 ........................................................................................................................................................................................
4 ........................................................................................................................................................................................
5 ........................................................................................................................................................................................
6 ........................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets to make first conditional sentences.
1 If you ............................................... (wait) for me, I ............................................... (come) with you.
2 I ............................................... (pay) for you if you ............................................... (not have) any money.
3 If you ............................................... (not want) to watch TV, I ............................................... (bring) a DVD.
4 We ............................................... (have) fun tomorrow if we ............................................... (go) clubbing.
5 My mum ............................................... (be) angry if I ............................................... (not tidy) my room.
6 If Katie ............................................... (phone), ............................................... (you / tell) me?
Prepositions
4 Circle the prepositions and write T if they refer to time, P if they refer to place or M if
they refer to movement.
1 T
In the summer we go to bed late. ...................... ......................
2 I left my wallet on the table in the kitchen. ...................... ......................
3 Let’s have dinner at seven o’clock. ......................
4 The mouse ran across the room. ......................
5 There’s a picture of Harry Styles on my wall. ......................
26 UNIT 4
Grammar
5 Complete the sentences with the correct phrase.
in hospital in the cupboard on the shelf on the cupboard to the hospital from the shelf
1 I took the book .......................... 2 I put the book ............................ 3 There’s a cat ..............................
........................................................ ........................................................ ........................................................
4 There’s a cat .............................. 5 They took my brother ............ 6 I was born ..................................
......................................................... ....................................................... ........................................................
UNIT 4 27
Skills
Reading
1 These are some of the most popular summer jobs for British students. Read the
descriptions then match the jobs to the pictures.
A B C D
1 Paper rounds
You get up early, about 6 a.m. You deliver papers to people’s houses so they can read them
while they’re having breakfast. You walk or cycle a lot, so this is a great job if you are fit or if
you want to get fit.
See More »
2 Babysitting
You look after babies and children. You need to be gentle and patient. You also need lots
of energy for playing. If you are looking after them throughout the day, you’ll need to give
them their meals and you might have to change their clothes too.
See More »
3 Shop assistant
You work with people and you need to be friendly and helpful. If the shop is small, you’ll
have to do lots of different things, like working on the cash register, filling shelves and
helping customers.
See More »
4 Gardening
If you like being outside you’ll love this job. You need to be fit because cutting grass and
digging are hard work and you might get tired from the exercise and fresh air. If you’re
allergic to grass or pollen you won’t want this job.
See More »
28 UNIT 4
Skills
Listening
12
3 Listen to Cherie. What job does she decide to do?
12
4 Listen again. Circle the correct answers.
1 Cherie doesn’t want to be a babysitter 3 She doesn’t want to work in a garden
because … because …
A she doesn’t like her neighbour. A it’s not a real job.
B she doesn’t like children. B the weather might be bad.
C her neighbour’s children are very C it’s too easy.
difficult.
4 She doesn’t mind getting up early
2 She doesn’t want to be a shop assistant because …
because … A she goes to bed early in the evening.
A she won’t get much money. B the job will finish early.
B she doesn’t like supermarkets. C she can sleep after the job.
C travelling to the supermarket is very
hard.
Writing
5 Read the horoscope and answer the question.
Will people who are Leo have a good day? Yes No
LE O
24 JULY – 23 AUGUST
Wow! You’re going to have a very exciting day today, but you have to do the right
thing.
Today could be your lucky day! If someone asks you to a party, go! If someone wants
to meet you, say ‘yes’! If someone phones you, pick up the phone immediately!
Something very special will happen today, if you act right.
Also, you will perhaps meet a very special person today. It may be on the street, or in
school, or at a party. So wear some good clothes. Then, if you meet this person, you
will look your best.
6 Find out another student’s star sign. Then write a horoscope for him/her.
UNIT 4 29
Learning to learn (Units 3 and 4)
Guided dialogue writing practice
1 Match the functions to the correct phrases.
1 Let’s go swimming. a greet
2 Hi! How are you? b ask about plans
3 What are you doing tomorrow? c refuse
4 No, sorry, I can’t. d accept
5 Yes, OK. I’d love to. e suggest
Tip Read all the dialogue first to understand the context. Look for the key words like
greet and offer that will help you to understand the order. Finally, check through
what you’ve written.
1 A greets B. A ..................................................................................................
2 B greets A and asks how he is. B ..................................................................................................
3 A says she’s well. She asks B what his A ..................................................................................................
plans are for tomorrow. ......................................................................................................
4 B says he’s not doing anything. B ..................................................................................................
5 A suggests going to the cinema. A ..................................................................................................
6 B accepts and asks what time. B ..................................................................................................
7 A suggests a time. A ..................................................................................................
8 B accepts and says goodbye to A. B ..................................................................................................
3 Read the dialogue and write the number of the functions next to the correct lines.
A Hi Mike. How are you?
1 tell someone your plans
B I’m fine thanks. What are you doing?
2 suggest
3 accept A I’m doing some shopping and then I’m going home.
4 greet B Would you like to come to my house?
5 ask about plans A Yes, OK. I’d love to.
30 UNIT 4
Exam skills 2
Speaking
1 Look at all the information in Tony’s diary and talk about his plans.
2 In pairs. Ask and answer about your plans for next week.
Tip Try out all the answers 3 I’ve got so much homework to do!
before you decide on the A OK, I’m going to help you.
correct one.
B Don’t worry, I’ll help you.
C Don’t worry, it isn’t going to take you
1 What are you going to do today after long.
school?
4 Have you had lunch yet?
A I went swimming.
A I haven't eaten today.
B I’m not sure. I think I’ll stay at home.
B No, it’s at one o'clock.
C I’ll tell him.
C l like chips.
2 It’s a lovely day. Would you like to go for a
5 I'm going to be late!
walk?
A Don't worry, I’ll wait for you.
A No, we wouldn’t, thanks.
B OK, it's already started.
B No, I’d rather go to the beach.
C Let's get the bus.
C It’s raining.
4 Choose one of the questions and write a short text (150 words).
UNIT 4 31
UNIT 5 It’s a beautiful building, isn’t it?
Dialogue work
13
1 Listen and complete the dialogue.
Annie Mark, please help me!
Mark What is it?
Annie It’s my homework. I have to write about a building 1 ...................... is interesting or beautiful.
I have no idea what to write about. Can you help me?
Mark A famous building? Sure! Write about the Burj Khalifa.
Annie The – what?
Mark Hang on, I’m just checking on my smartphone. Yes. The Burj Khalifa, 2 ...................... is in
Dubai, is the tallest building in the world. It’s 830 metres tall, and it has 163 floors. Wow.
That’s incredible, isn’t it?
Annie Hmm. That’s very interesting, but ...
Mark OK. How about the world’s biggest building? It says here that it’s the Boeing Everett
factory.
Annie What?
Mark It’s a big factory 3 ...................... they make aeroplanes. It’s in Washington, in the US. It’s
13 million cubic metres. Wow!
Annie I’m sorry, I’m not writing about a factory. I don’t know anyone 4 ...................... is interested in
factories.
Mark OK. But what are you going to write about, then?
Annie I know! I’ll write about my house! It’s not a house 5 ...................... people know about, but I
think it’s interesting!
32 UNIT 5
Vocabulary and Communication
Places
3 Write the words under the correct pictures.
UNIT 5 33
Grammar
Relative pronouns who / which / that
1 Reorder the words to make sentences.
1 I / films / last / which / like / don’t / for / two hours / more than / .
2 person / wrote / the Harry Potter books / J. K. Rowling / the / who / is / .
3 who / you / we / saw / the girl / Do / know / in the café / ?
4 the train station / this / which / Is / goes / to / the bus / ?
5 that T-shirt / liked / so much / buy / Did / you / you / which / ?
3 Complete the sentences with who, that or which. There may be more than one possible
answer.
1 I prefer films ............................ don’t have any violence in them.
2 I’ve got a friend ............................ really loves romantic comedies.
3 Johnny Depp is the actor ............................ stars in the Pirates of the Caribbean films.
4 People ............................ are interested in fantasy adventure should watch the new Superman
film.
5 The DVDs ............................ I bought last week are all very good.
6 My father is the person ............................ first got me interested in films.
1 The Tate Modern / 2 Emceekilla / hip hop 3 The Orient Express / 4 Hillary and Tenzing /
museum / shows artist / performs with train / goes from first men / reached the
modern art ....................... Caxton Press..................... London to Venice.............. top of Everest....................
............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ...............................................
............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ...............................................
34 UNIT 5
Grammar
Question tags
5 Complete the sentences with the question tags in the box.
was it didn’t they wasn’t it will they isn’t she isn’t it aren’t they did they
have you won’t you
UNIT 5 35
Skills
Reading
1 Read about three places in London and match them to sentences 1–6.
1 You don’t have to pay to go in. ...................................................................................................................
2 It’s dark in here. ...................................................................................................................
3 It’s not far to theatres from here. ...................................................................................................................
4 You often have to wait to go in. ...................................................................................................................
5 You can touch many things here. ...................................................................................................................
6 People sing and act outside here. ...................................................................................................................
36 UNIT 5
Skills
Listening
15
2 Listen to three young people talking
about London. Write under their Cindy Anthony Julie
names what they like most. ................................ ................................ ................................
15
3 Listen again and answer the questions.
1 How long has Cindy lived in London?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
2 What does Cindy say about the people in London?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
3 What does Anthony not like about London?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
4 What does Anthony often go to?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
5 What does Julie sometimes do at the weekend?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................
16
4 Listen to some information about two tourist places. Which two places do you hear about?
1 ................................................................................. 2 .................................................................................
16
5 Listen again and complete the information in the table.
Writing
6 Write about a tourist place in your country. Follow the instructions.
1 Think of a place you know well (for example, a museum, a market, an exhibition, a park, etc).
2 Think about the activities people can do there.
3 Make notes on the opening times and how much it costs to visit. (Is it open every day? Is it
free, or do you need tickets?)
4 Think of why it is an interesting or beautiful place to visit.
5 Write your information in 50–100 words. Try to persuade your reader that it is a good place to
visit!
UNIT 5 37
UNIT 6 Teens around the world
Text work
1 Read Shaun’s blog. Which country do you think he lives in?
Shaun’s Blog
_________________________________________
January 14 18:43
Hello everyone! Another exciting weekend! My mum and dad had some
time off today, and it was really hot and sunny, so we decided to go
swimming. As you know, the nearest beach to us is Cable Beach. It’s a great
place, because it’s really quiet, and you can go fishing there, too. It’s an
amazing beach – it’s 20km long.
Anyway, when we got to the beach, my dad remembered that it was very
dangerous to swim in the summer (between October and March). That’s
because there are jellyfish in the water – including the box jellyfish! (I put
a photo here for you!) There are a lot of deadly animals in this country –
sharks, spiders (even a kangaroo can hurt you!), but the box jellyfish is one
of the worst. Did you know that they kill up to 65 people a year! If you
touch one, they can sting you. And then you’re in trouble. So, in the end,
we didn’t go swimming. But we had a great time playing and running on
the beach – but not the whole 20 kilometres!
January 15 20:16
After yesterday’s post about the box jellyfish, I’ve just remembered a
true story about the time we met a saltwater crocodile. Yes, the saltwater
crocodile is another one of the deadly creatures you can find in this
country. And it’s a huge animal. They can be up to 7 metres long, and
weigh 2,000 kilos!
Anyway, last year, I was with my dad, camping in the bush. We wanted to
go fishing, so we put up our tent near a river. Then we went to sleep, but
in the middle of the night we heard something big near our tent. Then the
tent started to move! My dad quickly took me out of the tent and we ran to
the car. He put on the car’s headlamps to see what was happening. It was
a huge crocodile, pulling our tent to the river! That’s another place where
we should never go swimming!
38 UNIT 6
Vocabulary and Communication
Music
1 Find 12 musical styles in the wordsearch.
C O P H B L U E S C
.......................................... ..........................................
O R D I F O K E J R
.......................................... ..........................................
U R A P I F O L K E
.......................................... ..........................................
N O N H P J K J K G
.......................................... ..........................................
T C C O P E R A E G
.......................................... ..........................................
R K E P O Z J Z C A
.......................................... ..........................................
Y P E R P Z V Z C E
C L A S S I C A L L
UNIT 6 39
Grammar
Present simple passive
1 Reorder the words and write sentences for each picture.
40 UNIT 6
Grammar
make and let
3 Put the word in brackets in the correct place in each sentence.
1 I can drive now, so my uncle sometimes me use his car. (lets)
I can drive now, so my uncle sometimes lets me use his car.
........................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Last week, our teacher us study hard for a test. (made)
........................................................................................................................................................................................
3 My mum gives me pocket money and me buy what I want. (lets)
........................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Don’t me wait too long! I have very little time. (make)
........................................................................................................................................................................................
5 She me go to the party. (let)
........................................................................................................................................................................................
6 My mother me tidy my room every Saturday. (makes)
........................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Jan has just come back from a summer camp. Put Christina’s questions in order.
Christina 1
they / make / a / did / lot / work / of / you / do / ?
Jan Yes, we had to cook and clean every day!
Christina 2
when they / make / did / up / wake / you / ?
Jan At 7 o’clock every morning!
Christina 3
let / they / did / watch TV / you / ?
Jan No, we played our instruments in the evening.
Christina 4
they / late / let / stay up / you / did / ?
Jan No, we had to go to bed at 9 pm!
5 Tick (✓) the things your parents make or let you do. Add others. Then write sentences
about them.
make let
clean your room use the car
do your homework stay up late
work in the garden use the internet
do exercise borrow money
study at the weekend go to parties
.......................................................................... ..........................................................................
.......................................................................... ..........................................................................
.......................................................................... ..........................................................................
.......................................................................... ..........................................................................
My parents let me use the car, but they don’t let me stay up late.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
UNIT 6 41
Skills
Reading
1 Read the article quickly. What is it about?
A an Australian tree C a type of Australian music
B an Australian musical instrument D Aboriginal words
2 Complete the article with the passive form of the verbs in brackets.
42 UNIT 6
Skills
Listening
19
3 Listen to the radio programme. Which
famous pop group does it talk about?
19
4 Listen again and circle the correct
answers.
1 Pete Best … 4 Pete left the band because …
A was born in Liverpool. A Ringo didn’t like him.
B came from India. B he wasn’t a good drummer.
C came to Liverpool when he was a C George Martin didn’t like the way he
teenager. played.
D was born in London. D he didn’t want to play the drums any
2 Which is true? more.
A The pop group were in Germany 5 When Ringo joined the band, …
when Pete joined them. A Pete was very happy.
B Pete was in Germany when he joined B the other people in the band knew
the pop group. him already.
C Pete joined the pop group before C the other people in the band didn’t
they left Liverpool. know him.
D Pete didn’t go to Germany. D it was the first time he played with a
3 Which is true? band.
A Everyone in the band could speak 6 The fans …
German. A liked Pete better than Ringo.
B Pete couldn’t speak German. B were happy that Ringo was the new
C Pete spoke German very well. drummer.
D Pete could speak some German. C thought Ringo was good-looking.
D liked Ringo more than Pete.
Writing
5 Write a description of how something is done. Follow the guide below.
1 Think of something which you know how to do. Choose one of the ideas in the box or think of
your own idea.
2 Make notes on how this thing is done. Use passive sentences if possible.
3 Write the description, explaining how to do the thing you chose. Use phrases like first, then,
next, finally.
UNIT 6 43
Learning to learn (Units 5 and 6)
Text types
1 Look at these texts. Write the name of the correct text type.
Anne Frank was born in Frankfurt, Germany, It was a huge building, more like a prison
on 12th June, 1929. She moved to really. The windows were silver in the
Amsterdam in 1933 with her parents and moonlight and great, black shadows reached
sister, Margot. For her 13th birthday, around out under the towers like giant fingers. From the
the beginning of the second world war, she rooftops I heard the high screech of bats.
was given a diary.
A ....................................................................................................... B .......................................................................................................
C ....................................................................................................... D .......................................................................................................
Hi! Can you send me the link to that Bottle, 1. a vessel with a narrow neck for
history website that you found? I’m storing liquids. 2. the amount of liquid
trying to do my homework but can’t contained in a bottle.
Bottle-brush, 1. a brush for cleaning bottles.
find the information I need. Thanks !
E ....................................................................................................... F .......................................................................................................
2 Read these descriptions. Write the letter of the text they refer to in the box.
1 An electronic message using informal language.
2 Information about a person’s life (usually someone famous).
3 Information to complete a task. Written in a very clear way.
4 An explanation of the meaning of a word.
5 A text using lots of descriptive words and adjectives.
6 A text written to someone else. Usually starts with Dear ...
44 UNIT 6
Exam skills 3
Speaking
1 Make notes about five places of interest in your town or area.
Explain what visitors can do there.
Reading
3 Read the story. Are the sentences ‘Right’ (A) or ‘Wrong’ (B)? If there is not enough
information to choose A or B, circle ‘Doesn’t say’ (C).
The Starfish
One day, as always, an old man woke up just
before the sun came up, and went for a walk
on the beach. As he was walking along, he saw
a young girl. She was bending down, looking
through the objects on the beach. Every few
minutes she stopped, picked up a starfish, and The old man said, ‘But there are hundreds of
threw it back into the sea. starfish on this beach – more than you can ever
The old man asked the girl why she was doing save in time. How can what you are doing make a
this. ‘The sea has brought the starfish onto difference?’
the beach and they cannot return to the sea by The girl said nothing. She only smiled, picked up a
themselves,’ the girl replied. ‘If I don’t throw them starfish and threw it as far as possible into the sea.
back into the sea, they will die when the sun comes Turning to the man, she said, ‘I made a difference
up later.’ to that one.’
1 It was unusual for the old man to go for an 5 The girl was trying to help the starfish
early morning walk on the beach. survive.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say
2 It was a sunny day. 6 The starfish would die on the beach unless
A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say the girl threw them back into the sea.
3 The girl was looking for something on the A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say
beach, when she saw the starfish there. 7 The old man thought she was wasting her
A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say time.
4 The old man didn’t know why the girl was A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say
throwing the starfish into the sea. 8 The girl only wanted to save one starfish.
A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say A Right B Wrong C Doesn’t say
UNIT 6 45
UNIT 7 Reduce, reuse, recycle
Dialogue work
20
1 Listen and complete the dialogue.
Amy Jon, can I ask you something?
Jon Sure.
Amy Why do you always leave your computer switched on at night? Don’t you know it
uses a lot of electricity, and it’s bad for the environment?
Jon You’re right, I’ll stop. But I always try to do my best for the environment.
Amy So do I. For example, I 1 ...................... new plastic bags every time I went to the
supermarket. But now, I’ve stopped.
Jon OK, well I don’t waste water.
Amy Neither do I.
Jon For example, I 2 ...................... two showers a day. But now I only have one – in the
morning.
Amy Oh, Jon! But you must have a shower in the evening! Don’t be disgusting!
Jon What? I’m only trying to save the environment. And I try to save electricity where I
can.
Amy So do I.
Jon For example, I 3 ...................... my socks every day. Now I only wash them once a
week. This saves water and electricity.
Amy Now you’re just being stupid.
Jon Also, I 4 ...................... the bus to school. Now, I walk, and I’m two hours
late every day! Sorry teachers! I’m just trying to save the environment!
Amy Be serious. There are lots of little things you can do if you want. Switch off your
computer at night. And stop leaving the lights on all over the house!
Jon Yes, OK. I will.
46 UNIT 7
Vocabulary and Communication
Materials 1 2 3
UNIT 7 47
Grammar
used to
1 Complete the sentences with one of the phrases from the box.
use to have used to work used to sing used to walk use to like used to do
2 There is one mistake in each sentence. Find the mistake and correct it.
1 I am used to have a bike when I was young, but now I have a car.
2 We had a dog three years ago, but now we used to have a cat.
3 I didn’t used to like coffee, but now I drink it every morning.
4 She used to likes winter, but now she prefers the summer.
5 Did you used to have long hair?
6 We always use to go to the beach in the summer, but now we go to the mountains.
3 Complete each sentence with the correct form of used to and the word in brackets.
1 ...................................................... your parents ...................................................... (give) you money before
you started going to school?
2 Most people ...................................................... (not travel) by plane.
3 Computers ...................................................... (be) very expensive, but now they are much cheaper.
4 She ...................................................... (live) in a small village, but now she lives in the capital.
5 ...................................................... your grandparents ...................................................... (tell) you stories?
6 ...................................................... you ...................................................... (watch) a lot of TV?
4 Write sentences about George using used to and the prompts below.
(glasses)
2 ..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
(London/Paris)
3 ..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
48 UNIT 7
Grammar
Now
(taxi/bus)
4 ..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
5 (dog/cats)
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
So do I. / Neither do I.
5 Complete the replies.
1 A I love horses. 4 A I don’t want any sausages for lunch.
B ...................... do I. B Neither ...................... I.
2 A I haven’t got a pet. 5 A John likes football.
B ...................... have I. B So ...................... I.
3 A I like taking my dog for a walk. 6 A I haven’t got any homework today!
B So ...................... I. B Neither ...................... I.
UNIT 7 49
Skills
Reading
1 Read about three different inventions. Choose the best headings and write them in the
correct place.
A The laptop B The camcorder C The digital camera
D The projector E The mobile phone
Changing technology
Many people like to have new technology – the latest smartphone or laptop. But how old are
these inventions? And how have they changed? Take a look at how far we have come in the last
50 years.
1
............................................... now then
Nowadays, most people have these. And the latest smartphones can
do everything. Most of them contain small digital cameras, and can
also take high-quality videos.
This type of phone has been around since the 1940s, but many
people only started to use them in the 1980s. The first ones used to
be very heavy – about 1kg – so they weren’t very mobile! The word
‘smartphone’ first appeared in 1997 and the first models were very
simple. They could play games, send emails and take photos.
2
............................................... now then
In most cafés and schools now, you can see people with these
mobile computers. They aren’t as old as mobile phones. The first
ones appeared in the early 1980s, but they used to be very simple.
They weighed more than 10kg and only had a very small screen.
You could only use them for simple programs, not for playing
games or reading documents.
3
............................................... now then
We can now take photos with our mobile phones or tablets. But
did you know that these cameras first appeared in 1975? They
were very big and weighed nearly 4 kg. They only took low-quality
black and white photos, and each photo took 23 seconds to make.
You saved your photos on a tape cassette, and then used a special
computer to show the photos on your TV screen, so you needed
three different machines just to make and see your photos!
Writing
5 Write a list of the things you do which are environmentally friendly.
recycle paper
use a bike
switch off my computer at night …
6 Have you changed your habits recently? Use used to to make notes about things you do
now that you didn’t use to do.
I didn’t use to recycle paper, but now I do.
7 Write a paragraph about the environmentally friendly things you do, and the things you
do differently now.
UNIT 7 51
UNIT 8 It was hit by a hurricane
Text work
1 Read the article. Circe the correct verb forms.
52 UNIT 8
Vocabulary and Communication
Natural disasters
1 Find nine words for natural disasters.
C H F R E N F N H F
...............................................
A O I A R O L C U O
...............................................
V O L C A N O F R R
...............................................
A U C H U R O Q R E
...............................................
L G N A V A D U I S
...............................................
A H O M D X Y A C T
...............................................
N T S U N A M I A F
...............................................
C D R O U G H T N I
...............................................
H M U D S L I D E R
...............................................
E A R T H Q U A K E
Expressing sympathy
2 Complete the dialogues with the phrases in the box.
UNIT 8 53
Grammar
too / not ... enough
1 Match the sentence halves.
1 It’s too dark in here – a they’re too scary.
2 This box is too heavy – b to run a marathon.
3 I don’t like horror films – c I can’t pick it up.
4 I’m going to bed – d it’s too small for me.
5 I’m not fit enough e I can’t hear it.
6 The food wasn’t good enough f I can’t see anything.
7 The TV isn’t loud enough – g so I complained to the manager.
8 This T-shirt isn’t big enough – h I’m too tired to study any more.
I think there are a lot of natural disasters these days, like hurricanes and
floods. Some people say it’s because of global warming. We 1 do too much
/ don’t do enough to protect our planet – that’s the problem. We use cars
and planes 2 too much / not enough, and we need to recycle more.
Tom I had a great holiday. We went skiing in the mountains. But the holiday
was 3 not short enough / too short – I wanted to stay longer! There was
only one problem. Some places were 4 not dangerous enough / too
dangerous to visit – we heard on the news that there were avalanches.
Forest fires are a big problem in Australia. They usually happen in the Hannah
summer when there 5 isn’t enough / is too much rain and all the forests
become very dry. If something happens, like someone drops a cigarette, or
there is lightning, then a fire can easily start. Usually, a forest fire happens
6
not quickly enough / too quickly for anyone to stop it.
Jake
3 Rewrite the sentences so they mean the same thing. Use not … enough or too.
1 I’m not old enough to drive a car.
I’m too young to drive a car.
........................................................................................................................................................................ (young)
2 She’s too short to go on that fairground ride.
......................................................................................................................................................................... (tall)
3 Those trainers aren’t cheap enough for me!
........................................................................................................................................................................ (expensive)
4 The house isn’t big enough for five people.
........................................................................................................................................................................ (small)
5 That music is too quiet to be heavy metal.
........................................................................................................................................................................ (loud)
54 UNIT 8
Grammar
Past simple passive
4 Use the Past simple passive form of the verbs
in brackets to complete the dialogue.
A Hi, Jane! Did you hear about the men that
1 were trapped
.............................. (trap) in the snow after the
avalanche yesterday?
B No, what happened to them?
A Well, two of them died, but there was one
survivor! He 2 .............................. (injure) badly, but
he’s going to be OK.
B How did they find the people in all that snow?
A They 3 .............................. (find) by rescue dogs. And the
survivor 4 .............................. (take) to hospital by helicopter.
B Where did you hear about this?
A On the radio this morning.
B And what else 5 .............................. (report)
A Well, they said there might be more avalanches tomorrow!
B OK, I’m staying at home!
5 6 7 8
UNIT 8 55
Skills
Reading
1 Read the email and choose the correct answers.
Hello Karen,
Hi! Sorry I didn’t write earlier, but our holiday was such a disaster! We were staying at a place called Bombay
Beach Hotel in California. It’s a nice place with lots to do, but on Wednesday there was a small earthquake while
we were sleeping. To be honest, I didn’t even wake up. Then, on Thursday night, there was another earthquake,
but this time it was bigger! The building was moving and we were really scared. It was awful. I woke up at once,
but at first I thought I was still asleep and having a nightmare. Then Mum came into my room and told me to
get out of bed and run out of the building – it was an emergency! We were evacuated from the hotel. The whole
building was shaking. It was unbelievable. The next day we were told that there might be another earthquake, but
this time out at sea, which could even cause a tsunami.
We were taken to another hotel in a different town, which wasn’t near the beach and didn’t even have a pool. But
we were lucky. Yesterday, there was a third earthquake in Bombay Beach and some people who live there were
killed or injured when their houses collapsed. The earthquake was on land, not out at sea, so there wasn’t a
tsunami, but this time the Bombay Beach hotel was badly damaged and will probably have to be rebuilt.
There were some good stories about the disaster. After the earthquake, rescue workers were helping when
they heard a sound coming from one of the collapsed houses. They searched in the wreckage and they found
two small children. They were under a table so they weren’t injured. The rescue workers were really brave. They
worked day and night to save the people who were trapped and hurt.
Anyway, we’re going to visit Disneyland on the way home – cool! I have been looking on the internet and there are
so many great rides to try. Some of the rides look quite scary, but not as scary as a real earthquake! I’m glad we
don’t have earthquakes at home, aren’t you?
Mark
1 Mark and his family were 3 His mum told him to … 5 Rescue workers found two
staying at a hotel called … A run downstairs. children …
A Bombay Island Hotel. B get dressed. A in the hotel swimming pool.
B Bombay Beach Hotel. C get out of bed. B in a house.
C Bombay Palace Hotel. D wake up his brother. C in a car.
D Bombay Paradise Hotel. 4 Mark and his family were taken D in the sea.
2 Mark woke up on Thursday to another hotel … 6 Mark is going to …
night when … A with a pool. A fly home tomorrow.
A he heard a noise. B near the beach. B help the rescue workers.
B he saw a bright light. C in the same town. C go to Disneyland.
C he thought he was having a D in another town. D see the alligators.
bad dream.
D someone shouted ‘An
earthquake!’
56 UNIT 8
Skills
Listening
25
2 Listen to the news headlines. What natural disasters are mentioned?
1 .................................................................................... 3 ....................................................................................
2 .................................................................................... 4 ....................................................................................
25
3 Listen again and circle T (true) or F (false).
1 At least 50 people were killed in an earthquake in China yesterday. T/F
2 A passenger on a train was injured in an accident this morning. T/F
3 The London Marathon has been delayed because of floods. T/F
4 The fires in Australia are still burning. T/F
5 Another tsunami has just hit Malaysia. T/F
6 An 18-year-old British woman won a gold medal at the Olympics today. T/F
Writing
4 Imagine your pet dog or cat has been kidnapped. Work in small groups and make notes
about what happened. Use the ideas below.
1 When did it happen?
2 Who did it?
3 Why did it happen?
5 Work in pairs and write a news report about the kidnapping. Follow the instructions.
1 Write a news headline introducing the story.
2 Give general information about the story.
3 Give extra details.
4 Say what people think about the story.
5 Say what might happen next.
UNIT 8 57
Learning to learn (Units 7 and 8)
Practising for an oral exam
Having a conversation in English can be difficult. To prepare for an oral exam, try and practise
talking with a partner or look through the dialogues in your text book and learn some of the
expressions and phrases to use in the exam. Study the following tips.
Tips
• Don’t be in a hurry. Listen carefully to the question and think about your answer. You
can always ask for the question to be repeated. Use phrases like:
I’m sorry, I don’t understand.
Can you repeat that, please?
• Be confident. When you answer, look the examiner in the eye and speak clearly. Use
expressions like: I think …, I feel …, I would …
• Reply in as much detail as possible. Don’t just answer yes or no. Where possible, give
explanations using because …
2 Now practise the dialogue with a friend, changing the expressions in bold.
3 Write another four questions for the dialogue. Then sit with a friend and practise asking
and answering the questions. Read the Tips again. Can you improve your answers?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
58 UNIT 8
Exam skills 4
Speaking
1 Make notes about what you should or shouldn’t do in these situations.
1 In an earthquake, .....................................................................................................................................................
2 In a hurricane, ..........................................................................................................................................................
3 In a lightning storm, ...............................................................................................................................................
2 Choose one of the situations in exercise 1. Give a talk on what to do in that situation.
Reading
3 Read the article about avalanches. Circle the best word for each space, A, B or C.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
had
1 If Matt ................................... wouldn’t crash (not crash) all the time.
(have) a new computer, it ...................................
2 If Matt ................................... (go out) with Hannah, he ................................... (not be able to) finish
his work.
3 Hannah ................................... (go) to the cinema if Matt ................................... (come) with her.
4 Hannah ................................... (not be) angry if Matt ................................... (listen) to her.
3 Write advice for Matt using the phrases in the box and If I were you… .
write your essay with a pen and paper start your work earlier buy a better laptop
save your work regularly say ‘sorry’ to Hannah
60 UNIT 9
Vocabulary and Communication
Computers
1 Complete the words.
1 You need it to connect to the internet: w_ - _ _
2 You need it to move things on a computer screen: m_ _ _ _
3 You need to type this to get to your email: p_ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 This machine copies pictures or documents: s_ _ _ _ _ _
5 This is the part of a computer that you look at: m_ _ _ _ _ _
6 This is the part of a computer you type with: k_ _ _ _ _ _ _
7 You can save files on this: m _ _ _ _ _ s _ _ _ _
8 Sound comes from these: s_ _ _ _ _ _ _
Sounds right ’d
26
3 Listen and circle the sentences that you hear.
1 A I give some to my friends.
B I’d give some to my friends.
2 A I buy a new computer.
B I’d buy a new computer.
3 A I put the rest of it in a bank.
B I’d put the rest of it in a bank.
27
4 Listen and complete the sentences.
1 I ...................... a party. 3 We ...................... a helicopter.
2 I ...................... money to charity. 4 They ...................... on holiday.
UNIT 9 61
Grammar
Second conditional
1 Match the sentence halves.
1 If I saw a UFO, a I’d get better marks.
2 If I met a film star, b I’d take a photo of it.
3 If I found some money in the street, c I’d go and live in my own flat.
4 If I worked harder, d I’d travel a lot.
5 If I was an animal, e I’d go to the park.
6 If it wasn’t raining, f I’d take it to the police station.
7 If I was eighteen, g I’d like to be a shark.
8 If I had a car, h I’d ask for his or her autograph.
2 There is a mistake in each sentence. Find the mistake and correct it.
1 If I have more money, I would be very happy.
2 If my friend lived in the same town as me, I saw her more often.
3 If I wouldn’t be ill, I would go out.
4 If my computer not broken, I would write some emails.
5 If your mother would be here, she wouldn’t let you do that!
6 You can’t be tired if you slept more.
7 Your clothes wasn’t dirty if you didn’t play in the rain.
8 What would you do if your parents give you a lot of money?
see the doctor give him some food play a different sport
buy it – you look nice buy a new umbrella
62 UNIT 9
Grammar
Indefinite pronouns
4 Circle the correct words.
1 We had a great time. Everyone / Anyone enjoyed themselves.
2 Mark? There’s someone / no one here who wants to see you.
3 The park was full – everyone / anyone wanted to enjoy the sunny weather!
4 It was a funny film. Everyone / Anyone laughed.
5 Would you like no one / someone to come to the doctor with you?
6 It’s raining, so anyone / no one is on the beach.
7 The room was empty – there wasn’t no one / anyone in it.
8 Is there anyone / everyone who wants to play football tomorrow?
Mira
My laptop broke last night. I couldn’t switch it on! All my files are on my
USB stick, so I need to find 4 ...................... who has a laptop I can use.
Unfortunately, I can’t contact my friends. I’ve lost my mobile and I don’t
know 5 ......................’s phone number! Of course, I know 6 ......................’s
email address, but my laptop isn’t working! What a disaster!
Pete
7
...................... uses computers these days. ...................... sends letters
8
any more. They just send emails. When I was young, 9 ......................
played in the street and talked to each other. Now, 10 ...................... plays
computer games. It’s very different!
Victor
UNIT 9 63
Skills
Reading
1 Read the article quickly. Tick (✓) the topics which are mentioned.
1 Computer screens 5 Screens you can wear
2 Watching TV 6 The biggest screen in the world
3 Screens and old people 7 Screens in restaurants
4 The future of newspapers and books 8 Health problems
Screens everywhere!
Have you ever thought about how
many screens you look at every
day? Screens are everywhere,
if you think about it. Not only
computer screens, but phones,
adverts in the street, video
games, and so on. They give us
information, they try to sell us
things, and they entertain us.
It’s hard to imagine life without
screens.
About 50 years ago, the average
child started to watch a TV screen
when he or she was about three
years old. Now, the average child Already, you can buy special the morning! Or how about a
watches TV at nine months. The glasses which include a small restaurant menu which is really a
average teenager now spends computer. Just look up in the screen? Just check the food, and
around 7 hours every day looking corner of your eye, and there is type in your order, and the waiter
at some kind of screen. another screen. Wherever you go, will bring it to you!
you can see the time, check the
Are we going to spend even more Screens make everything faster
news, or even take photos and
time looking at screens in the and more interesting. We can
videos. You will never miss an
future? Some experts think that get information wherever we go,
email or a text again!
we will. Most people already but we must also think about the
read the news online, rather Some people think that screens disadvantages. Is it really healthy
than buying a newspaper. And will become normal everywhere, to spend so much time looking
more and more people prefer and they will become more at screens? Do we really need
to read e-books rather than real interactive. How about an so much information? And who is
ones. Some people think that interactive mirror? Just touch it, controlling the information we see?
paper books and newspapers will and check the latest news while
disappear in the future. you’re brushing your teeth in
64 UNIT 9
Skills
Listening
28
3 Listen to three people talking about computers. Who thinks computers are useful? Who
thinks computers are not useful?
Writing
5 You have received an email from a friend. Tick (✓) the correct problem.
1 Jo doesn’t like her phone. 4 Jo’s friend doesn’t like using the
2 Jo’s friend doesn’t like going to the cinema. intemet.
3 Jo doesn’t like writing letters.
Hello!
Can you help me? I have a friend who isn’t interested in the internet. Can you believe it? She has a very old
phone, so I can’t send emails or photos, or share videos with her. If I want to invite her to the cinema, I have
to write her a letter or leave a message on her answerphone! What would you say to her, if you were me?
Love
Jo
UNIT 9 65
UNIT 10 It must be good for you
Text work
1 Read the article about dangerous foods. What are the three foods?
66 UNIT 10
Vocabulary and Communication
Cooking
1 Find 10 cooking verbs.
C X S B W E G B
............................................... ...............................................
H F R O A O R F
............................................... ...............................................
0 R G I S M I X
............................................... ...............................................
P E E L S W L S ............................................... ...............................................
T A S T T S L E ............................................... ...............................................
F M T A S T E R
R I S D H I A V
Y K A D N R A E
Expressing sympathy
3 Complete the conversation with the phrases below.
don’t agree my opinion believe you’re right not sure about that agree with you
A In 1 ..............................................., most people these days eat too much junk food.
B Yes, maybe 2 ..............................................., but eating junk food is easier than cooking, isn’t it?
A I’m 3 ............................................... . Cooking isn’t difficult.
B I 4 ............................................... . It’s very difficult! I can’t do it!
A Because you never learnt. I 5 ............................................... that everyone can learn to cook.
B Yes, I 6 ............................................... . But most people have very busy lives and don’t have time.
UNIT 10 67
Grammar
Making deductions
1 Match the sentences to the pictures.
1 She must be having a nice time.
2 She can’t be having a nice time.
3 He must be hungry.
4 A He can’t be hungry.
5 They might be cold.
6 They can’t be cold.
A B C
D E F
68 UNIT 10
Grammar
Causative have
3 Write sentences for the pictures. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
She
4 ....................................................... 5 He He
...................................................... 6 .......................................................
.......................................... (iron) .......................................... (test) ........................................ (check)
4 Complete the sentences with have and the past participle of the verb in brackets.
1 The cooker doesn’t work. We need to ...................... have it ......................
repaired . (repair)
2 Why don’t you ...................... your hair ...................... (do) for the party?
3 I’m going to ...................... my car ...................... (wash) today.
4 My uncle is going to ...................... a new house ...................... . (build)
5 Can we ...................... letters ...................... (send) to our new address?
Infinitive of purpose
5 Complete the conversations with phrases from the box.
to buy some bread to thank her for the present she sent me to invite him to our party
to complain about the awful food we had to be more healthy to wear to my job interview tomorrow
UNIT 10 69
Skills
Reading
1 Read the article and put the pictures in the correct order.
E
C
Alicia Carlson does research in the lion sleep, not kill it. She are by measuring them and
the African wilderness. She is has to shoot very carefully. If she checking their teeth. When she
helping to protect lions and keep misses, the lion will run away. If has measured the lion, she takes
them healthy so they won’t die she hits it in the wrong place, the a blood sample, so that she can
out. Let’s follow her and see what lion won’t sleep and could be very check the lion for illness. This
she does! dangerous! will help her if any of the lions
become sick or die.
First, Alicia must try to find some After that, Alicia has to cover
lions by following a radio signal. the lion’s eyes. She uses an old Finally, she must give the lion
She drives around for a long time T-shirt. The lion is sleeping, but an injection* to wake it up. She
listening for a signal. When she its eyes are open. She covers waits in her vehicle until the lion
hears a ‘beep’, she follows it at its eyes to help it to keep quiet, gets up. She wants to make sure
once. This takes a long time and otherwise it might wake up too that the lion is safe. When the
it is difficult, but fortunately, she quickly. lion walks away, Alicia can leave.
is very experienced. Sometimes Another day’s work is done!
Then she measures the lion
she is with a ranger who can help
to see how much it has grown
her, but often she is on her own.
since she last checked it. She
Next, she must shoot the lion with keeps information about all the *injection = when someone puts a
a special gun. This gun will make lions. She can tell how old they drug into a body using a needle
70 UNIT 10
Skills
Listening
2 Look at the sentences below. Do you think they are true or false?
1 The tomato is a fruit, not a vegetable. T/F
2 Most of the world’s bananas come from India. T/F
3 It takes four hours to boil an ostrich egg. T/F
4 Carrots used to be purple, not orange. T/F
30
3 Listen to two people discussing the sentences above. What do they think? Complete the
table with T (true) or F (false).
Correct
answers
31
4 Now listen and fill in the correct answers.
Writing
5 Think of a meal, or a dish, which is famous in your country. Make notes on the topics
below.
1 What is its name? .......................................................................................................................................................
2 When do you eat it? ...................................................................................................................................................
3 What is it made from? ..............................................................................................................................................
4 How long does it take to make it? .........................................................................................................................
5 What does it taste like? ............................................................................................................................................
UNIT 10 71
Learning to learn (Units 9 and 10)
Creating a grammar mind map
Mind maps are a useful way to summarise important information.
Complete the grammar mind map for the Past simple with example sentences and
then wrIte a mind map for the Present perfect.
regular
verb + -ed
play – played Subject + didn‛t + verb
............................................................ ............................................................
............................................................ ............................................................
............................................................ Wh- + did + subject + verb
irregular Where did you go last night?
learn these! ............................................................
make – made ............................................................
............................................................
............................................................
Form (-)
Form (+) Form (?)
Past simple
Spelling Use
Be
72 UNIT 10
Exam skills 5
Speaking
1 Give advice to these people.
John wants to ask a girl out, but he isn’t Rory’s girlfriend wants to have her hair
sure if she likes him or not. dyed. Rory doesn’t think it will suit her.
1 2
Riverside Community Centre 17th May IMPORTANT NEWS! 21st May
We have arranged a trip to York on Thursday of Some information for everyone who wants to
next week (23rd May). In the morning you can visit go to York.
York Minster or just do some shopping. We have
Because we think the weather is going to be
booked a table at a large fish and chip restaurant
bad on Thursday, we have decided not to go on
in the city centre, called the Golden Dolphin. It will
the open-top bus. We’ve got tickets for the river
cost £9.50 for fish and chips and a pot of tea.
cruise instead. The boat has a warm cabin, so it
will be much nicer for everyone. Unfortunately,
In the afternoon there is a trip on one of the open-
top tour buses, so you can see all the sights. the boat trip is more expensive than the bus,
We will catch the four o’clock train home, and so the whole trip will now cost £38.50. Sorry!
will arrive back at the Centre at 5.15. I’m sure Dinner will be the same price as before, at the
everyone will have a good time! same place.
3 Now write an email to a friend telling them about the trip and asking them to come with
you.
UNIT 10 73
UNIT 11 We should organise a protest
Dialogue work
32
1 Circle the correct words in the dialogue. Then listen and check.
Cath Have you heard the news?
Luke No, what is it?
Cath The headmaster 1said / told that
he wants to cut down the trees
near the school to make a new
car park.
Luke But that’s terrible! Those trees
are beautiful. We can’t cut down
trees! How do you know he said
that?
Cath The head 2asked / said Mr
Andrews to tell all the pupils in assembly.
Luke Did Mr Andrews say why they wanted to cut down the trees?
Cath Yes, he 3said / asked that we need more space for cars.
Luke But why?
Cath He 4said / told everyone that teachers and other visitors have to walk a long way to get
to the school. So we need a new car park right near to the school entrance.
Luke Listen, I know that a car park is important. But so are trees! Let’s 5say / ask him to
think again. We should talk to him about it.
Cath That’s what my mum says too. She 6tells / says we should organise some students to
get together, then we could go to the headmaster and tell him what we think.
Luke And if he says no?
Cath Then we can organise a protest at school, can’t we? My brother 7said / told me
they organised a protest four years ago about an end-of-term party and it worked.
Luke OK, let’s do that. Let’s save the trees!
74 UNIT 11
Vocabulary and Communication
The environment
1 Complete the sentences with words connected to the environment.
1 A lot of cities have problems with p..................................... because there are too many cars.
2 One of the biggest problems now is c..................................... c..................................... . This is creating
very unusual weather, like hurricanes and floods.
3 I hate it when people drop l..................................... in the street – why can’t they put it in the bin?
4 If we continue to cut down the r....................................., then there won’t be any left!
5 Because of g..................................... w....................................., the ice is melting in the Arctic.
6 We need to r..................................... paper, plastic and glass – not just throw it away.
7 There is a big t..................................... j..................................... in the city every evening. The cars are
stuck for hours!
8 We need p..................................... for our cars, but what will happen if the oil runs out?
2 Look at the pictures and write what they should or shouldn’t do.
UNIT 11 75
Grammar
Reported speech
1 Complete the sentences with said or told.
1 She ...................... me that you didn’t go to the party.
2 I always ...................... her that I didn’t like coffee, but she always made it for me!
3 Laura ...................... that she wasn’t feeling well.
4 Her parents ...................... her she couldn’t go out.
5 Sandra ...................... him that she was angry.
6 The teacher ...................... that he must work harder.
II love
reallyyou,
likePaul.
him!
You have to run!
76 UNIT 11
Grammar
want / ask / tell someone to do something
3 Complete the sentences with words from the box.
4 Each sentence has a mistake. Find the mistake and correct it.
1 I told he to buy a new phone. I told him to buy a new phone.
....................................................................................................
2 He asked her marry him. ....................................................................................................
3 They didn’t to want me to leave. ....................................................................................................
4 We told him not be late. ....................................................................................................
5 She wanted that I give her some help. ....................................................................................................
6 They asked we not to talk so loudly. ....................................................................................................
7 I asked him not drive so fast. ....................................................................................................
8 She told me not phone to her after 9 p.m. ....................................................................................................
UNIT 11 77
Skills
Reading
1 Read the article quickly. Choose the best title for the article.
1 Deadly insects
2 Small and dangerous!
3 The problem with bees
There are 20,000 kinds of bees. But the deadliest insect on earth is What about spiders? They’re not
Some live alone, some in large the mosquito. It kills more than a insects – insects have six legs, and
groups. Bees aren’t usually million people every year. There are spiders have eight – but they are
dangerous, but they attack people more than 3,000 different kinds small, and some people hate them.
when they do something to make of mosquito. They can give people But are they dangerous? Well,
the bees angry – when they steal lots of different illnesses, like we’ve all seen films with spiders
their honey, for example! But some malaria. That’s a very dangerous that kill, but there is no really
bees are very dangerous. illness, so kill any mosquito that’s deadly spider species anywhere.
biting you! Mosquitoes usually fly
Someone brought African bees around at night, so stay inside in Death from a spider bite is almost
to Brazil in 1956 because they the evening. They also need to put unknown. You should go to a
wanted a better honey bee. The their eggs in water, so stay away hospital if a poisonous spider bites
bees escaped, and they killed from ponds and lakes! you. But remember, you will only
about 1,000 people and animals see deadly spiders that can kill you
as they travelled slowly to the USA. in minutes at the cinema!
When these bees attack, it is a
real nightmare.
2 Read the article again. Choose the correct answer for each question.
1 Normal bees … 4 Mosquitoes …
A never attack people. A fly around mostly during the day.
B attack people when they don’t like B live in the water.
what they’re doing. C are not insects.
C always attack people. D can give you dangerous illnesses.
D never defend their home. 5 When poisonous spiders bite people, …
2 The dangerous bees … A the people die after a few minutes.
A were travelling from Brazil to the USA. B the people usually don’t die.
B were going to Africa. C half the people die.
C were travelling from the USA to Africa. D more than half the people die.
D stayed in Brazil. 6 If a poisonous spider bites you, you should …
3 Mosquitoes are … A see a doctor.
A as deadly as dangerous bees. B do nothing.
B not dangerous at all. C go home.
C not as dangerous as bees. D put something on the bite.
D deadlier than the dangerous bees.
78 UNIT 11
Skills
Listening
34
3 Listen to the dialogue. What is the problem that Rick and Amy are talking about?
1 a new park
2 a new road
3 new bike lanes
34
4 Listen again. Correct the sentences below.
1 Rick asked Amy if she knew about the new park.
2 Rick said that there will be a lot of trees.
3 Rick told Amy that the council will plant new trees.
4 Amy asked if the road would be safe.
5 Rick said that they should have more places for old people.
6 Rick asked Amy if she wanted to come to a protest on Sunday.
7 Amy said she would ask her brother.
Writing
5 The council wants to build a new road near your school. Make notes in the table below.
UNIT 11 79
UNIT 12 It’s an awesome place!
Text work
1 Read the article about Transylvania. Tick (✓) the things that the writer saw.
1 mountains 4 bears
2 castles 5 vampires
3 wolves
Last summer, we went to But then, over the mountains, We went to one castle where
Transylvania. Maybe you think of we reached Transylvania. It is a Dracula used to live. Yes, Dracula
Transylvania as being full of wolves, magical land – green and full of was a real person! He was the ruler
vampires and strange castles. wild flowers. We stayed at a village of Transylvania 600 years ago.
But is it a real place? Yes, it is! where things were the same as
We saw lots of animals. Not only
And it’s one of the most beautiful they were a hundred years ago.
farm animals, but butterflies and
places in Europe. We saw lots of People still wear traditional clothes
wild horses. We even saw bears!
castles and amazing mountains. every Sunday and you can see
In some places, they come down
And people even told me there are people travelling by horse and cart.
at night to look through the rubbish
wolves living here! Every morning, the farmers take
bins. They are cute but very
their cows and sheep up into the
We went by car. It was a long dangerous!
hills.
journey, and we had to drive a very
The only thing we didn’t see was a
long way up into the mountains. We saw amazing churches –
vampire!
The roads were very narrow and hundreds of years old – made only
winding. from wood. And we saw castles on
mountain tops.
80 UNIT 12
Vocabulary and Communication
Describing people and clothes
1 Complete the words for clothes.
1 gl_ _ _ _ _ 4 _u_ _ 7 p_ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 j_ _ _ l _ _ _ _ 5 l_ _ _ _ _ _ j_ _ _ _ _
3 sh _ _t 6 sk_ _ _
2 Match the words to the pictures. Some words can go with more than one picture.
A B C D
Describing appearance
3 Write descriptions of the people in pictures A–D.
1 What does he look like? 3 What does he look like?
He’s ............................................................................ He’s ............................................................................
..................................................................................... .....................................................................................
2 What does she look like? 4 What does she look like?
She’s ......................................................................... She’s ..........................................................................
..................................................................................... .....................................................................................
UNIT 12 81
Grammar
Reported speech 2
1 Circle the correct word.
1 John told me that he had / has a nice holiday.
2 Hannah said that she likes / liked swimming when she was younger.
3 Mark said that he doesn’t / didn’t like the food he had on holiday.
4 Where is Sam? He said he was / is going to be here by 12 o’clock.
5 I asked Liam if / what he wanted to do this afternoon.
6 Kate asked me if / where I went on holiday.
7 Tom asked me what / how many times I had been to Spain.
8 I wanted to know what / if it was raining.
A Where are you going on holiday? B I’m going to Austr … C Wow! Are you going to a beach?
where he
1 Kate asked Neil .............................. 2 Neil said ........................................... 3 Kate asked Neil ..............................
was going on holiday.
............................................................. ............................................................. .............................................................
............................................................. ............................................................. .............................................................
D Will you see kangaroos? E What will you eat? F I’m going to Austria, not Australia!!
4 Kate asked Neil .............................. 5 Kate asked Neil .............................. 6 Neil told Kate that ........................
............................................................. ............................................................. .............................................................
............................................................. ............................................................. .............................................................
82 UNIT 12
Grammar
3 Suzy had a job interview yesterday. Report the questions the interviewer asked her.
1 Where are you working at the moment? 4 Why do you want to work for us?
He asked her where she was working
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
at the moment.
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
2 Have you got any experience of sales work? 5 How much money do you hope to earn?
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
3 Are you good at working in a team? 6 Have you got a driving licence?
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
.............................................................................. ..............................................................................
Reflexive pronouns
4 Complete the table.
I myself we
you you
he (plural)
she they
it
6 Each sentence has a mistake. Find the mistake and correct it.
1 They enjoyed theyself at the party. They enjoyed themselves at the party.
........................................................................................
2 I often talk to ourself in the mirror. ........................................................................................
3 He cut herself by accident. ........................................................................................
4 Did you make this yourselves, Adam? ........................................................................................
5 Amy said she lived by herselves for a long time. ........................................................................................
UNIT 12 83
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Skills
Reading
1 Read the news article quickly and choose the best title.
1 Tourism in the US 3 The best place in the US for a holiday
2 New tourist attraction in Newburg
84 UNIT 12
Skills
Listening
36
3 Listen to Julie, Will and Suzy talking about holidays. Match them (1–3) to the correct
holiday (A–C).
1 2 3
36
4 Listen again and tick the correct places in the table.
Writing
5 Think about an interesting place you have visited (in your country or abroad). Make
notes on the questions below.
1 Where is the place?
2 When did you go there?
3 What did you do?
4 What did you see?
5 Were you alone or with friends/family?
6 What did you like about it? What was interesting?
UNIT 12 85
Learning to learn (Units 11 and 12)
Summarising
A summary is a short version of a longer text. It should be written in your own words and
should express the basic ideas of the original text.
Being able to write a summary is an important skill – it helps you understand what a text is
really about, and it’s a skill that will also help you in your own writing.
To prepare a summary, first read the original text and ask yourself these questions, ‘What is the
text about and what does the author want to communicate?’
3 Now use your list to write a few short sentences in your own words to sum up the
passage.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
86 UNIT 12
Exam skills 6
Speaking
1 Look at these two photos of a boy in his room. Describe one of the photos to your
partner. Your partner has to tell you which photo it is.
Writing
2 Your town councillor wants to close down your youth club and build a block of flats there
instead.
You and your friends feel:
• that there is nowhere else for young people to hang out in your town
• that there isn’t enough space for flats
• that the people in the flats won’t have a good standard of living
• that young people will start misbehaving without a club to go to
You have organised a petition and have more than 100 people’s names on it. Write a letter to
your councillor, telling him about the petition, and your views.
UNIT 12 87
Grammar review
Present perfect Units 1 and 2
The Present perfect tense is formed with the present tense of have + past participle:
I have been.
She has arrived.
They have gone.
The auxiliary of the Present perfect is have.
The Past participle of regular verbs is formed like the Past simple by adding ed to the base form
of the verb. The Past participle of irregular verbs must be memorised.
88 GRAMMAR REVIEW
Present perfect + ever / never Units 1 and 2
The Present perfect can be used with ever in an interrogative clause and with never in a
negative clause:
Have you ever been to Paris?
She has never met my family.
would Unit 3
Would is used to form the conditional tense of a verb:
If you won the lottery, what would you do? (second conditional)
It is also used to:
• invite someone to do something:
Would you like to come to the cinema?
• offer someone something:
Would you like some tea?
GRAMMAR REVIEW 89
Grammar review
would + rather / prefer Unit 3
To express a preference, add the words rather or prefer:
Would you like to come to the cinema with me tomorrow?
No, not to the cinema. I would prefer to go to the shopping centre.
Would you like some tea?
No, thanks. I would rather have some hot chocolate.
90 GRAMMAR REVIEW
Prepositions of place Unit 4
At is used for a certain point or place:
at the station
In is used with names of cities, regions, nations, streets or squares:
in Europe; in Oxford street.
Other commonly used prepositions of place are: near, next to, in front of, opposite, on, over
(higher but not touching a surface), inside, outside, behind, between (refers to two persons
or things), among (refers to more than two persons or things).
GRAMMAR REVIEW 91
Grammar review
They didn’t study German, did they?
You will come, won’t you?
There were a lot of people at the beach, weren’t there?
You can’t swim, can you?
used to Unit 7
Used to (didn’t use to) expresses a past routine:
We used to live in town.
We didn’t use to watch TV, but now we watch it every evening.
The interrogative form is: Did … use to?
Did you use to watch Blockbusters when you were young?
92 GRAMMAR REVIEW
Past simple passive Unit 8
The Past simple passive has the following structure:
subject + Past simple of be (not) + past participle
The city was destroyed in an earthquake.
All the other tenses follow the same pattern. In the passive the action is done by the agent
(introduced by the preposition by); the subject receives the effects of the action.
The thief was arrested by the police.
GRAMMAR REVIEW 93
Grammar review
Making deductions with must, might, can’t Unit 10
We can use must, might and can’t for deduction. As always, these modal verbs are followed by
the base form of the verb.
Danny has three cars. He must be rich.
Clare’s late for the meeting. She might have missed the bus.
You’ve just had dinner. You can’t want more food.
94 GRAMMAR REVIEW
Will › Would
‘I will come as soon as possible.’ = He said that he would come as soon as possible.
Can › Could
‘I can swim.’ = He said he could swim.
When we report a question, verbs like ask and wonder are often used.
Tense changes are the same as for affirmative sentences.
‘Are you going home, John?’ He asked John if he was going home.
‘Can she speak English?’ He wondered if she could speak English.
‘Will you come to see us?’ They asked us if we would come to see them.
Pronouns and possessive adjectives also change in reported speech.
‘I don’t like spinach.’ She said she didn’t like spinach.
‘We are Italian.’ They said they were Italian.
‘My dog is called Hector.’ He said his dog was called Hector.
Expressions of time change as follows:
Direct Reported
today that day
yesterday the day before
tomorrow the next day / the following day
next year the following year
last week the previous week
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GRAMMAR REVIEW 95