Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 14 views

    Remainder Theorem: Example 1

    Uploaded by

    Alex noslen
    The document discusses the Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem in algebra. The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by a linear factor (x - a), the remainder R is equal to f(a). In other words, substituting a for x in f(x) gives the remainder. The Factor Theorem states that if f(a) equals 0 for some value of a, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x). In other words, if substituting a value for x results in the polynomial equating to 0, then (x - that value) is a factor of the polynomial.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Remainder Theorem: Example 1

    Uploaded by

    Alex noslen
    14 views3 pages
    The document discusses the Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem in algebra. The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by a linear factor (x - a), the remainder R is equal to f(a). In other words, substituting a for x in f(x) gives the remainder. The Factor Theorem states that if f(a) equals 0 for some value of a, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x). In other words, if substituting a value for x results in the polynomial equating to 0, then (x - that value) is a factor of the polynomial.

    Original Title

    ALGEBRA

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem in algebra. The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by a linear factor (x - a), the remainder R is equal to f(a). In other words, substituting a for x in f(x) gives the remainder. The Factor Theorem states that if f(a) equals 0 for some value of a, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x). In other words, if substituting a value for x results in the polynomial equating to 0, then (x - that value) is a factor of the polynomial.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Remainder Theorem: Example 1

    Uploaded by

    Alex noslen
    The document discusses the Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem in algebra. The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by a linear factor (x - a), the remainder R is equal to f(a). In other words, substituting a for x in f(x) gives the remainder. The Factor Theorem states that if f(a) equals 0 for some value of a, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x). In other words, if substituting a value for x results in the polynomial equating to 0, then (x - that value) is a factor of the polynomial.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Notes

    ALGEBRA

    Remainder Theorem

    If the remainder is required when a polynomial is divided by a linear function it can be


    found by long division as follows:

    Example 1. Find the remainder when the function x3 – 7x2 + 6x – 2, is divided by the
    linear factor x – 2

    x2 – 5x – 4
    x–2 x – 7x2 + 6x – 2
    3
    x3/ x = x2, then x2(x – 2)
    – (x3 – 2x2 )
    – 5x2 + 6x – 2 – 5x2 / x = – 5x, then – 5x(x – 2)
    – (– 5x2 + 10x )
    – 4x – 2 – 4x/x = – 4x, then – 4(x – 2)
    – (– 4x + 8)
    –10 Remainder

    Thus when the function f(x) is divided by x – 2 there is a Remainder of –10 and a
    quotient x2 – 5x – 4

    This result can be written in the form

    f(x) ≡ x3 – 7 x2 + 6x – 2 ≡ (x – 2)(x2 – 5x – 4) – 10

    If 2 is substituted for x in this identity so that x – 2 = 0, the quotient is eliminated to give,

    f(2) ≡ – 10

    Example 2. 4x3 – 7x +10 , 2x + 3

    2x2 – 3x + 1
    2x + 3 4x + 0x2 –7x +10
    3
    4x3/ 2x = 2x2, then 2x2(2x + 3)
    – (4x3 + 6x2 )
    – 6x2 –7x 6x2 / 2x = 3x, then 3x(2x + 3)
    – (– 6x2 – 9x )
    2x + 10 2x/2x = 1, then – 4(2x + 3)
    – ( 2x + 3 )
    7 Remainder

    In general if f(x) is a polynomial function of x which when divided by x – a , gives a


    quotient Q(x) and a remainder R, the relationship between these expressions is:

    f(x) ≡ (x– a) Q(x) + R


    Notes

     NB – By substituting a for x in this identity gives

    f(a) = R
    This result is known as the remainder theorem and can be summarised as follows

    When, f(x) is divided by (x– a) the remainder R is f(a)

    f(a) = f(x)
    (x– a)

    f(a) = R

     NB – This theorem gives a simple method for evaluating the REMAINDER


    ONLY. If the QUOTIENT is required, long division MUST BE USED.

    Example 2. Find the remainder when x3 – 2x2 + 6 is divided by x + 3

    f(x) = x3 – 2x2 + 6

    [hint: a = – 3 since the factor is x + 3]

    And so R is given by

    R = f(a) → R = f(– 3)

    R = f(– 3) = (– 3)3 – 2 (– 3)2 + 6

    R = (– 27) – 2 (9) + 6

    R = –39

    Example 2. Determine the remainder when is 6x2 – 7x + 2 divided by 2x – 1

    f(x) = 6x2 – 7x + 2

    [hint: a = ½ since the factor is 2x – 1]

    Using the expression f(x) ≡ (x– a) Q(x) + R

    f(x) ≡ (2x – 1) Q(x) + R

    R = f(a) → R = f( ½ )

    R = f( ½ ) = 6( ½ )2 – 7 ( ½ ) + 2
    Notes

    R = (3/2 ) – (7/2) + 2

    R = ??

    The Factor Theorem

    The Remainder theorem states that when f(x) is divided by (x – a) the remainder R, is f(a)

    Now if (x – a) is a factor of f(x) there will be no remainder.

    R=0 and f(a) = 0

    This property is known as the Factor theorem and is defined as follows:

    If for any given polynomial function f(x),

    f(a) = 0, then the (x – a) is a factor of f(x)

     NB – The Factor theorem is very useful when factorizing polynomials of an


    order/degree greater than 2.

    You might also like