Name Date

Period

1. How many electrons are needed to balance the 6. Which half-reaction occurs at the negative electrode in
half–reaction? an electrolytic cell in which an object is being plated
with silver?
SO 42– + 8 H+ + ? e – ®S2– + 4 H2O A) Ag0 + 1e – ® Ag+ B) Ag0 ® Ag+ + 1e –
C) Ag+ + 1e – ® Ag0 D) Ag+ ® Ag0 + 1e –
A) 0 B) 6 C) 8 D) 4 E) 10

7. The diagram below represents an electrochemical cell.

2. In an electrolytic cell, the positive electrode is the
A) anode, where oxidation occurs
B) anode, where reduction occurs
C) cathode, where oxidation occurs
D) cathode, where reduction occurs

3. For which chemical reaction must an electrolytic cell be

used?
A) AgNO3 + NaCl ® AgCl + NaNO 3
B) Cu + FeCl2 ® CuCl2 + Fe What occurs when the switch is closed?
C) Zn + 2 HCl ® ZnCl2 + H2 A) Zn is reduced.
D) 2 Al + 3 Ni(NO 3) 2 ® 2 Al(NO 3) 3 + 3 Ni B) Cu is oxidized.
C) Electrons flow from Cu to Zn.
D) Electrons flow from Zn to Cu.
4. Which occurs in an electrolytic cell containing CuCl 2
(aq)?
A) Cu2+ ions migrate toward the positive electrode. 8. Base your answer to the following question on the
B) Cl – ions migrate toward the negative electrode. diagram below of an electrolytic cell in which the
electrodes are tin and copper.
C) Cu2+ ions are reduced.
D) Cl – ions are reduced.

5. Given the reaction:

2 H2O + electricity ® 2 H2 + O2

In which type of cell would this reaction most likely

occur? In this electrolytic cell, electrode A is designated as the

A) a chemical cell, because it is exothermic A) anode and is positive

B) an electrolytic cell, because it is exothermic B) anode and is negative
C) a chemical cell, because it is endothermic C) cathode and is positive
D) an electrolytic cell, because it is endothermic D) cathode and is negative
Name Date
Period

9. Which statement describes one characteristic of an 13. Which metal can be produced only by the electrolysis
operating electrolytic cell? of its fused salt?
A) It produces electrical energy. A) Ag B) Zn C) Pb D) K
B) It requires an external energy source.
C) It uses radioactive nuclides.
D) It undergoes a spontaneous redox reaction. 14. The diagram below shows a key being plated with
copper in an electrolytic cell

10. Base your answer to the following question on the

diagram below which represents the electroplating of a
metal fork with Ag(s).

Given the reduction reaction for this cell:

Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ® Cu(s)

Which equation represents the half-reaction that takes
place at the fork? This reduction occurs at
A) Ag+
+ ® AgNO3
NO 3– A) A, which is the anode
B) AgNO3 ® Ag+ + NO 3– B) A, which is the cathode
C) Ag+ + e – ® Ag(s) C) B, which is the anode
D) Ag(s) ® Ag+ + e – D) B, which is the cathode

11. Which energy change occurs in an operating voltaic 15. At the cathode during electrolysis, what is its charge
cell? and what type of reaction occurs.
A) chemical to electrical A) (–), oxidation
B) electrical to chemical B) (+), oxidation
C) chemical to nuclear C) (–), reduction
D) nuclear to chemical D) (+), reduction
E) no reaction occurs at the cathode

12. Which half–cell reaction correctly represents reduction?

A) Sn4+ ® Sn2+ + 2e – 16. In an electrochemical cell, the electrons go from the
B) Sn2+ ® Sn4+ + 2e – A) anode to the cathode through the wire
C) Sn4+ + 2e – ® Sn2+ B) cathode to the anode through the wire
D) Sn2+ + 2e – ® Sn4+ C) anode to the cathode through the salt bridge
E) Sn4+ + Sn2+ ® Sn6+ + 2e – D) cathode to the anode through the salt bridge
E) anode to the cathode through the wire and cathode
to the anode through the salt bridge
Name Date
Period

17. The reaction 2 H2O ( ) ® 2 H2(g) + O 2(g) is forced to 21. Which statement is true about oxidation and reduction
occur by use of an externally applied electric current. in an electrochemical cell?
This procedure is called A) Both occur at the anode.
A) neutralization B) esterification B) Both occur at the cathode.
C) electrolysis D) hydrolysis C) Oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction
occurs at the cathode.
D) Oxidation occurs at the cathode and reduction
18. Electroplating always takes place occurs at the anode.
A) in the wire B) at the anode
C) at the cathode D) at the salt bridge
22. A student wishes to set up an electrochemical cell. The
E) in solution
following list of materials and equipment will be used:

• two 250-ml beakers

19. Which net reaction occurs by the process of • wire
electrolysis? • one piece of Zn metal
A) 2 H2O( ) ® 2 H2(g) + O 2(g) • 125 ml of 0.10 M Zn(NO3)2
• voltmeter
B) 2 HgO(s) ® 2 Hg( ) + O2(g)
• switch
C) 2 KClO 3( ) ® 2 KCl(s) + 3 O 2(g) • one piece of Pb metal
D) MgCO 3(s) ® MgO(s) + CO2(s) • 125 ml of 0.10 M Pb(NO3)2
For the cell to operate properly, the student will also
need
20. What are the anode and cathode half–reactions for the
A) an anode
electrolysis of fused (melted) NaCl?
B) a cathode
A) Anode: 2 Cl – ® Cl 2 + 2e – Cathode: 2 Na + + 2e C) an external path for electrons
– ® 2 Na
D) a salt bridge
B) Anode: 2 Cl – ® Cl 2 + 2e – Cathode: 2 H 2O + 2e
– ® H 2 + 2 OH –

C) Anode: 2 H2O ® O2 + 4 H+ + 4e – Cathode: 4 23. The net ionic reaction for an electrochemical cell is
Na+ + 4e – ® 4 Na
D) Anode: 2 H2O ® O2 + 4 H+ + 4e – Cathode: 4 H 2 Cr(s) + 3 Cu2+(aq) ®2 Cr 3+(aq) + 3 Cu(s)
2 O + 4e – ® 2 H 2 + 4 OH –
E) Anode: Cl 2 + 2e – ® 2 Cl – Cathode: 2 Na ® 2 What is the reaction occurring at the cathode?
Na+ + 2e – A) 2 Cr(s) ® 2 Cr 3+(aq) + 6e–
B) 3 Cu(s) ® 3 Cu2+(aq) + 6e–
C) 2 Cr 3+(aq) + 6e– ® 2 Cr(s)
D) 3 Cu2+(aq) + 6e– ® 3 Cu(s)
E) It cannot be determined from the information
given
Name Date
Period

24. What occurs during discharge in the lead-acid battery 27. Base your answer to the following question on the
reaction below? diagram of the chemical cell at 298 K and on the
equation below.
Pb + PbO 2 + 2 H2SO 4 « 2 PbSO 4 + 2 H2O
A) Both Pb and Pb 4+ undergo oxidation.
B) Both Pb and Pb 4+ undergo reduction.
C) Pb is oxidized and Pb4+ is reduced.
D) Neither the Pb nor the Pb 4+ is oxidized or reduced.

25. A diagram of a chemical cell and an equation are shown

below.

In the given reaction, the Ag + ions

A) gain electrons B) lose electrons
C) gain protons D) lose protons

28. During the electrolysis of fused NaCl, which

half-reaction occurs at the negative electrode?
A) Na+ + 1e – ® Na0 B) Na0 ® Na+ + 1e –
C) 2 Cl – ® Cl 20 + 2e – D) Cl 20 + 2e – ® 2 Cl –
When the switch is closed, electrons will flow from
A) the Pb(s) to the Cu(s)
B) the Cu(s) to the Pb(s) 29. To which electrode do the electrons move in the cell
C) the Pb 2+(aq) to the Pb(s)
D) the Cu 2+(aq) to the Cu(s) Zn/Zn2+||Pb 2+/Pb?

A) Pb
26. Given the balanced ionic equation representing the B) Pb2+
reaction in an operating voltaic cell: C) Zn
D) Zn2+
Zn(s) + Cu 2+(aq) ® Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) E) It cannot be determined unless the potentials are
known.
The flow of electrons through the external circuit in this
cell is from the
A) Cu anode to the Zn cathode
B) Cu cathode to the Zn anode
C) Zn anode to the Cu cathode
D) Zn cathode to the Cu anode
Name Date
Period

30. A student collects the materials and equipment below to 33. The function of the salt bridge in an electrochemical
construct a voltaic cell: cell is to
A) increase the cell voltage
• two 250-mL beakers
B) maintain electrical neutrality
• wire and a switch
• one strip of magnesium C) increase the oxidation–reduction rate
• one strip of copper D) supply a travel pathway for electrons
• 125 mL of 0.20 M Mg(NO 3) 2(aq) E) increase the rate of attainment of equilibrium
• 125 mL of 0.20 M Cu(NO 3) 2(aq)
Which additional item is required for the construction of
the voltaic cell? 34. The diagram below shows the electrolysis of fused KCl.
A) an anode B) a battery
C) a cathode D) a salt bridge

31. In the reaction

Sn2+(aq) + 2 Ag + (aq) ® Sn4+(aq) + 2 Ag(s)

What is the half–reaction equation for the oxidizing

agent above?
A) Sn2+ ® Sn4+ + 2e – B) Ag+ + e – ® Ag
C) Sn2+ + 2e – ® Sn4+ D) Ag+ ® Ag + e– What occurs when the switch is closed?
E) Sn2+ + Sn4+ ® 2e – A) Positive ions migrate toward the anode, where they
lose electrons.
B) Positive ions migrate toward the anode, where they
32. gain electrons.
C) Positive ions migrate toward the cathode, where
they lose electrons.
D) Positive ions migrate toward the cathode, where
they gain electrons.

What is the oxidation half–reaction for the reaction?

Cu + MnO 4– + H+ ®Cu2+ + Mn 2+ + H2O
35. Which conversion of energy always occurs in a voltaic
A) Cu2+ + 2e –® Cu(s) cell?
B) Cu(s) ® Cu2+ + 2e – A) light energy to chemical energy
C) 8 H+ + MnO4– + 5e – ® Mn 2+ + 4 H2O B) electrical energy to chemical energy
D) Mn 2+ + 4 H2O ® 8 H+ + MnO4– + 5e – C) chemical energy to light energy
E) MnO4– + 8 H+ ® Mn 2+ + 4 H2O D) chemical energy to electrical energy
Name Date
Period

36. The diagram below represents an operating 39. Given the redox reaction:
electrochemical cell and the balanced ionic equation for
the reaction occurring in the cell.
Which species is oxidized during discharge?
A) B)
C) D)

40. In the electrolysis of molten CaCl 2 , the species

oxidized is
A) Ca
B) Ca2+
C) Cl –
D) Cl 2
E) Oxidation does not occur
Which statement identifies the part of the cell that
conducts electrons and describes the direction of
electron flow as the cell operates?
41. Which statement best describes the key?
A) Electrons flow through the salt bridge from the
Ni(s) to the Zn(s).
B) Electrons flow through the salt bridge from the
Zn(s) to the Ni(s).
C) Electrons flow through the wire from the Ni(s) to
the Zn(s).
D) Electrons flow through the wire from the Zn(s) to
the Ni(s).

37. When a voltaic cell operates, ions move through the

A) anode B) cathode
C) salt bridge D) external circuit

38. The negative ions go to which electrode in the voltaic

cell
A) It acts as the cathode and is negative.
Mg/Mg2+||Ag+ /Ag? B) It acts as the cathode and is positive.
C) It acts as the anode and is negative.
A) Ag B) Ag+ D) It acts as the anode and is positive.
C) Mg D) Mg 2+
E) both Ag and Mg
Name Date
Period

42. Consider the reaction, 44. Which is the cathode of this electrochemical cell?

S6+ + ? e – ® S2– Cr + Au3+ ® Cr 3+ + Au

How many electrons are needed to reduce S 6+ to S 2–?
A) 6 B) 2 C) 8 D) 4 E) 10

43. The diagram below shows a spoon that will be

electroplated with nickel metal.

A) Cr
B) Au3+
C) Cr 3+
D) Au
E) It cannot be determined unless the potentials are
known

45. In an electrochemical cell, the positive ions go from the

A) anode to the cathode through the wire
B) cathode to the anode through the wire
What will occur when switch S is closed? C) anode to the cathode through the salt bridge
A) The spoon will lose mass, and the Ni(s) will be D) cathode to the anode through the salt bridge
reduced. E) cathode to the anode through the wire and anode to
B) The spoon will lose mass, and the Ni(s) will be the cathode through the salt bridge
oxidized.
C) The spoon will gain mass, and the Ni(s) will be
reduced. 46. Which statement best describes the reaction represented
D) The spoon will gain mass, and the Ni(s) will be by the equation below?
oxidized.
2 NaCl + 2 H 2O + electricity ® Cl 2 + H2 + 2
NaOH
A) The reaction occurs in a chemical cell and releases
energy.
B) The reaction occurs in a chemical cell and absorbs
energy.
C) The reaction occurs in an electrolytic cell and
releases energy.
D) The reaction occurs in an electrolytic cell and
absorbs energy.
Name Date
Period

47. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of the voltaic cell below.

When the switch is closed, in which half-cell does oxidation occur?

48. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram and balanced equation below, which represent
the electrolysis of molten NaCl.

Write the balanced half-reaction for the reduction that occurs in this electrolytic cell.
Name Date
Period

49. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

A voltaic cell with magnesium and copper electrodes is shown in the diagram below. The copper
electrode has a mass of 15.0 grams.

When the switch is closed, the reaction in the cell begins. The balanced ionic equation for the
reaction in the cell is shown below the cell diagram. After several hours, the copper electrode is
removed, rinsed with water, and dried. At this time, the mass of the copper electrode is greater than
15.0 grams.
Explain, in terms of copper ions and copper atoms, why the mass of the copper electrode increases as the
cell operates. Your response must include information about both copper ions and copper atoms.
Name Date
Period

50. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.
The diagram below represents an operating electrolytic cell used to plate silver onto a nickel key. As
the cell operates, oxidation occurs at the silver electrode and the mass of the silver electrode decreases.

Explain, in terms of Ag atoms and Ag + (aq) ions, why the mass of the silver electrode decreases as the cell
operates.
Name Date
Period

51. Base your answer to the following question on the 52. Base your answer to the following question on the
information below. information below.

A student places a 2.50-gram sample of

magnesium metal in a bottle and fits the bottle with Electroplating is an electrolytic process used to coat
a 2-hole stopper as shown in the diagram. metal objects with a more expensive and less
Hydrochloric acid is added to the bottle, causing a reactive metal. The diagram below shows an
reaction. As the reaction proceeds, hydrogen gas electroplating cell that includes a battery connected
travels through the tubing to an inverted bottle filled to a silver bar and a metal spoon. The bar and spoon
with water, displacing some of the water in the are submerged in AgNO3(aq).
bottle.

Based on Reference Table J, explain why Ag(s) will not Explain the purpose of the battery in this cell.
react with HCl (aq) to generate H 2(g).
Name Date
Period

53. Base your answer to the following question on the

information below.

The diagram below represents an operating voltaic cell

at 298 K and 1.0 atmosphere in a laboratory
investigation. The reaction occurring in the cell is
represented by the balanced ionic equation below.

Write a balanced half-reaction equation for the

reduction that occurs in this cell.

54. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

The diagram and balanced ionic equation below represent a voltaic cell with copper and
silver electrodes and the reaction that occurs when the cell is operating.

State the purpose of the salt bridge in this voltaic cell.

Name Date
Period

55. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

Underground iron pipes in contact with moist soil are likely to corrode. This corrosion can be prevented
by applying the principles of electrochemistry. Connecting an iron pipe to a magnesium block with a wire
creates an electrochemical cell. The magnesium block acts as the anode and the iron pipe acts as the
cathode. A diagram of this system is shown below.

Explain, in terms of reactivity, why magnesium is preferred over zinc to protect underground iron pipes.
Your response must include both magnesium and zinc.
Name Date
Period

1. How many electrons are needed to balance the 6. Which half-reaction occurs at the negative electrode in
half–reaction? an electrolytic cell in which an object is being plated
with silver?
SO 42– + 8 H+ + ? e – ®S2– + 4 H2O A) Ag0 + 1e – ® Ag+ B) Ag0 ® Ag+ + 1e –
C) Ag+ + 1e – ® Ag0 D) Ag+ ® Ag0 + 1e –
A) 0 B) 6 C) 8 D) 4 E) 10

7. The diagram below represents an electrochemical cell.

2. In an electrolytic cell, the positive electrode is the
A) anode, where oxidation occurs
B) anode, where reduction occurs
C) cathode, where oxidation occurs
D) cathode, where reduction occurs

3. For which chemical reaction must an electrolytic cell be

used?
A) AgNO3 + NaCl ® AgCl + NaNO 3
B) Cu + FeCl 2 ® CuCl 2 + Fe What occurs when the switch is closed?
C) Zn + 2 HCl ® ZnCl2 + H2 A) Zn is reduced.
D) 2 Al + 3 Ni(NO 3) 2 ® 2 Al(NO 3) 3 + 3 Ni B) Cu is oxidized.
C) Electrons flow from Cu to Zn.
D) Electrons flow from Zn to Cu.
4. Which occurs in an electrolytic cell containing CuCl 2
(aq)?
A) Cu2+ ions migrate toward the positive electrode. 8. Base your answer to the following question on the
B) Cl – ions migrate toward the negative electrode. diagram below of an electrolytic cell in which the
electrodes are tin and copper.
C) Cu 2+ ions are reduced.
D) Cl – ions are reduced.

5. Given the reaction:

2 H2O + electricity ® 2 H2 + O2

In which type of cell would this reaction most likely

occur? In this electrolytic cell, electrode A is designated as the

A) a chemical cell, because it is exothermic A) anode and is positive

B) an electrolytic cell, because it is exothermic B) anode and is negative
C) a chemical cell, because it is endothermic C) cathode and is positive
D) an electrolytic cell, because it is endothermic D) cathode and is negative
Name Date
Period

9. Which statement describes one characteristic of an 13. Which metal can be produced only by the electrolysis
operating electrolytic cell? of its fused salt?
A) It produces electrical energy. A) Ag B) Zn C) Pb D) K
B) It requires an external energy source.
C) It uses radioactive nuclides.
D) It undergoes a spontaneous redox reaction. 14. The diagram below shows a key being plated with
copper in an electrolytic cell

10. Base your answer to the following question on the

diagram below which represents the electroplating of a
metal fork with Ag(s).

Given the reduction reaction for this cell:

Cu2+(aq) + 2e- ® Cu(s)

Which equation represents the half-reaction that takes
place at the fork? This reduction occurs at
A) Ag+
+ ® AgNO3
NO 3– A) A, which is the anode
B) AgNO3 ® Ag+ + NO 3– B) A, which is the cathode
C) Ag+ + e – ® Ag(s) C) B, which is the anode
D) Ag(s) ® Ag+ + e – D) B, which is the cathode

11. Which energy change occurs in an operating voltaic 15. At the cathode during electrolysis, what is its charge
cell? and what type of reaction occurs.
A) chemical to electrical A) (–), oxidation
B) electrical to chemical B) (+), oxidation
C) chemical to nuclear C) (–), reduction
D) nuclear to chemical D) (+), reduction
E) no reaction occurs at the cathode

12. Which half–cell reaction correctly represents reduction?

A) Sn4+ ® Sn2+ + 2e – 16. In an electrochemical cell, the electrons go from the
B) Sn2+ ® Sn4+ + 2e – A) anode to the cathode through the wire
C) Sn4+ + 2e – ® Sn2+ B) cathode to the anode through the wire
D) Sn2+ + 2e – ® Sn4+ C) anode to the cathode through the salt bridge
E) Sn4+ + Sn2+ ® Sn6+ + 2e – D) cathode to the anode through the salt bridge
E) anode to the cathode through the wire and cathode
to the anode through the salt bridge
Name Date
Period

17. The reaction 2 H2O ( ) ® 2 H2(g) + O 2(g) is forced to 21. Which statement is true about oxidation and reduction
occur by use of an externally applied electric current. in an electrochemical cell?
This procedure is called A) Both occur at the anode.
A) neutralization B) esterification B) Both occur at the cathode.
C) electrolysis D) hydrolysis C) Oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction
occurs at the cathode.
D) Oxidation occurs at the cathode and reduction
18. Electroplating always takes place occurs at the anode.
A) in the wire B) at the anode
C) at the cathode D) at the salt bridge
22. A student wishes to set up an electrochemical cell. The
E) in solution
following list of materials and equipment will be used:

• two 250-ml beakers

19. Which net reaction occurs by the process of • wire
electrolysis? • one piece of Zn metal
A) 2 H 2O( ) ® 2 H 2(g) + O 2(g) • 125 ml of 0.10 M Zn(NO3)2
• voltmeter
B) 2 HgO(s) ® 2 Hg( ) + O2(g)
• switch
C) 2 KClO 3( ) ® 2 KCl(s) + 3 O 2(g) • one piece of Pb metal
D) MgCO 3(s) ® MgO(s) + CO2(s) • 125 ml of 0.10 M Pb(NO3)2
For the cell to operate properly, the student will also
need
20. What are the anode and cathode half–reactions for the
A) an anode
electrolysis of fused (melted) NaCl?
B) a cathode
A) Anode: 2 Cl– ® Cl 2 + 2e – Cathode: 2 Na+ + C) an external path for electrons
2e – ® 2 Na D) a salt bridge
B) Anode: 2 Cl – ® Cl 2 + 2e – Cathode: 2 H 2O + 2e
– ® H 2 + 2 OH –

C) Anode: 2 H2O ® O2 + 4 H+ + 4e – Cathode: 4 23. The net ionic reaction for an electrochemical cell is
Na+ + 4e – ® 4 Na
D) Anode: 2 H2O ® O2 + 4 H+ + 4e – Cathode: 4 H 2 Cr(s) + 3 Cu2+(aq) ®2 Cr 3+(aq) + 3 Cu(s)
2 O + 4e – ® 2 H 2 + 4 OH –
E) Anode: Cl 2 + 2e – ® 2 Cl – Cathode: 2 Na ® 2 What is the reaction occurring at the cathode?
Na+ + 2e – A) 2 Cr(s) ® 2 Cr 3+(aq) + 6e–
B) 3 Cu(s) ® 3 Cu2+(aq) + 6e–
C) 2 Cr 3+(aq) + 6e– ® 2 Cr(s)
D) 3 Cu 2+(aq) + 6e– ® 3 Cu(s)
E) It cannot be determined from the information
given
Name Date
Period

24. What occurs during discharge in the lead-acid battery 27. Base your answer to the following question on the
reaction below? diagram of the chemical cell at 298 K and on the
equation below.
Pb + PbO 2 + 2 H2SO 4 « 2 PbSO 4 + 2 H2O
A) Both Pb and Pb 4+ undergo oxidation.
B) Both Pb and Pb 4+ undergo reduction.
C) Pb is oxidized and Pb4+ is reduced.
D) Neither the Pb nor the Pb 4+ is oxidized or reduced.

25. A diagram of a chemical cell and an equation are shown

below.

In the given reaction, the Ag + ions

A) gain electrons B) lose electrons
C) gain protons D) lose protons

28. During the electrolysis of fused NaCl, which

half-reaction occurs at the negative electrode?
A) Na+ + 1e – ® Na0 B) Na0 ® Na+ + 1e –
C) 2 Cl – ® Cl 20 + 2e – D) Cl 20 + 2e – ® 2 Cl –
When the switch is closed, electrons will flow from
A) the Pb(s) to the Cu(s)
B) the Cu(s) to the Pb(s) 29. To which electrode do the electrons move in the cell
C) the Pb 2+(aq) to the Pb(s)
D) the Cu 2+(aq) to the Cu(s) Zn/Zn2+||Pb 2+/Pb?

A) Pb
26. Given the balanced ionic equation representing the B) Pb2+
reaction in an operating voltaic cell: C) Zn
D) Zn2+
Zn(s) + Cu 2+(aq) ® Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) E) It cannot be determined unless the potentials are
known.
The flow of electrons through the external circuit in this
cell is from the
A) Cu anode to the Zn cathode
B) Cu cathode to the Zn anode
C) Zn anode to the Cu cathode
D) Zn cathode to the Cu anode
Name Date
Period

30. A student collects the materials and equipment below to 33. The function of the salt bridge in an electrochemical
construct a voltaic cell: cell is to
A) increase the cell voltage
• two 250-mL beakers
B) maintain electrical neutrality
• wire and a switch
• one strip of magnesium C) increase the oxidation–reduction rate
• one strip of copper D) supply a travel pathway for electrons
• 125 mL of 0.20 M Mg(NO 3) 2(aq) E) increase the rate of attainment of equilibrium
• 125 mL of 0.20 M Cu(NO 3) 2(aq)
Which additional item is required for the construction of
the voltaic cell? 34. The diagram below shows the electrolysis of fused KCl.
A) an anode B) a battery
C) a cathode D) a salt bridge

31. In the reaction

Sn2+(aq) + 2 Ag + (aq) ® Sn4+(aq) + 2 Ag(s)

What is the half–reaction equation for the oxidizing

agent above?
A) Sn2+ ® Sn4+ + 2e – B) Ag+ + e – ® Ag
C) Sn2+ + 2e – ® Sn4+ D) Ag+ ® Ag + e– What occurs when the switch is closed?
E) Sn2+ + Sn4+ ® 2e – A) Positive ions migrate toward the anode, where they
lose electrons.
B) Positive ions migrate toward the anode, where they
32. gain electrons.
C) Positive ions migrate toward the cathode, where
they lose electrons.
D) Positive ions migrate toward the cathode, where
they gain electrons.

What is the oxidation half–reaction for the reaction?

Cu + MnO 4– + H+ ®Cu2+ + Mn 2+ + H2O
35. Which conversion of energy always occurs in a voltaic
A) Cu2+ + 2e –® Cu(s) cell?
B) Cu(s) ® Cu 2+ + 2e – A) light energy to chemical energy
C) 8 H+ + MnO4– + 5e – ® Mn 2+ + 4 H2O B) electrical energy to chemical energy
D) Mn 2+ + 4 H2O ® 8 H+ + MnO4– + 5e – C) chemical energy to light energy
E) MnO4– + 8 H+ ® Mn 2+ + 4 H2O D) chemical energy to electrical energy
Name Date
Period

36. The diagram below represents an operating 39. Given the redox reaction:
electrochemical cell and the balanced ionic equation for
the reaction occurring in the cell.
Which species is oxidized during discharge?
A) B)
C) D)

40. In the electrolysis of molten CaCl 2 , the species

oxidized is
A) Ca
B) Ca2+
C) Cl –
D) Cl 2
E) Oxidation does not occur
Which statement identifies the part of the cell that
conducts electrons and describes the direction of
electron flow as the cell operates?
41. Which statement best describes the key?
A) Electrons flow through the salt bridge from the
Ni(s) to the Zn(s).
B) Electrons flow through the salt bridge from the
Zn(s) to the Ni(s).
C) Electrons flow through the wire from the Ni(s) to
the Zn(s).
D) Electrons flow through the wire from the Zn(s)
to the Ni(s).

37. When a voltaic cell operates, ions move through the

A) anode B) cathode
C) salt bridge D) external circuit

38. The negative ions go to which electrode in the voltaic

cell
A) It acts as the cathode and is negative.
Mg/Mg2+||Ag+ /Ag? B) It acts as the cathode and is positive.
C) It acts as the anode and is negative.
A) Ag B) Ag+ D) It acts as the anode and is positive.
C) Mg D) Mg 2+
E) both Ag and Mg
Name Date
Period

42. Consider the reaction, 44. Which is the cathode of this electrochemical cell?

S6+ + ? e – ® S2– Cr + Au3+ ® Cr 3+ + Au

How many electrons are needed to reduce S 6+ to S 2–?
A) 6 B) 2 C) 8 D) 4 E) 10

43. The diagram below shows a spoon that will be

electroplated with nickel metal.

A) Cr
B) Au3+
C) Cr 3+
D) Au
E) It cannot be determined unless the potentials are
known

45. In an electrochemical cell, the positive ions go from the

A) anode to the cathode through the wire
B) cathode to the anode through the wire
What will occur when switch S is closed? C) anode to the cathode through the salt bridge
A) The spoon will lose mass, and the Ni(s) will be D) cathode to the anode through the salt bridge
reduced. E) cathode to the anode through the wire and anode to
B) The spoon will lose mass, and the Ni(s) will be the cathode through the salt bridge
oxidized.
C) The spoon will gain mass, and the Ni(s) will be
reduced. 46. Which statement best describes the reaction represented
D) The spoon will gain mass, and the Ni(s) will be by the equation below?
oxidized.
2 NaCl + 2 H 2O + electricity ® Cl 2 + H2 + 2
NaOH
A) The reaction occurs in a chemical cell and releases
energy.
B) The reaction occurs in a chemical cell and absorbs
energy.
C) The reaction occurs in an electrolytic cell and
releases energy.
D) The reaction occurs in an electrolytic cell and
absorbs energy.
Name Date
Period

47. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram of the voltaic cell below.

When the switch is closed, in which half-cell does oxidation occur?

48. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram and balanced equation below, which represent
the electrolysis of molten NaCl.

Write the balanced half-reaction for the reduction that occurs in this electrolytic cell.
Name Date
Period

49. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

A voltaic cell with magnesium and copper electrodes is shown in the diagram below. The copper
electrode has a mass of 15.0 grams.

When the switch is closed, the reaction in the cell begins. The balanced ionic equation for the
reaction in the cell is shown below the cell diagram. After several hours, the copper electrode is
removed, rinsed with water, and dried. At this time, the mass of the copper electrode is greater than
15.0 grams.
Explain, in terms of copper ions and copper atoms, why the mass of the copper electrode increases as the
cell operates. Your response must include information about both copper ions and copper atoms.
Name Date
Period

50. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.
The diagram below represents an operating electrolytic cell used to plate silver onto a nickel key. As
the cell operates, oxidation occurs at the silver electrode and the mass of the silver electrode decreases.

Explain, in terms of Ag atoms and Ag + (aq) ions, why the mass of the silver electrode decreases as the cell
operates.
Name Date
Period

51. Base your answer to the following question on the 52. Base your answer to the following question on the
information below. information below.

A student places a 2.50-gram sample of

magnesium metal in a bottle and fits the bottle with Electroplating is an electrolytic process used to coat
a 2-hole stopper as shown in the diagram. metal objects with a more expensive and less
Hydrochloric acid is added to the bottle, causing a reactive metal. The diagram below shows an
reaction. As the reaction proceeds, hydrogen gas electroplating cell that includes a battery connected
travels through the tubing to an inverted bottle filled to a silver bar and a metal spoon. The bar and spoon
with water, displacing some of the water in the are submerged in AgNO3(aq).
bottle.

Based on Reference Table J, explain why Ag(s) will not Explain the purpose of the battery in this cell.
react with HCl (aq) to generate H 2(g).
Name Date
Period

53. Base your answer to the following question on the

information below.

The diagram below represents an operating voltaic cell

at 298 K and 1.0 atmosphere in a laboratory
investigation. The reaction occurring in the cell is
represented by the balanced ionic equation below.

Write a balanced half-reaction equation for the

reduction that occurs in this cell.

54. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

The diagram and balanced ionic equation below represent a voltaic cell with copper and
silver electrodes and the reaction that occurs when the cell is operating.

State the purpose of the salt bridge in this voltaic cell.

Name Date
Period

55. Base your answer to the following question on the information below.

Underground iron pipes in contact with moist soil are likely to corrode. This corrosion can be prevented
by applying the principles of electrochemistry. Connecting an iron pipe to a magnesium block with a wire
creates an electrochemical cell. The magnesium block acts as the anode and the iron pipe acts as the
cathode. A diagram of this system is shown below.

Explain, in terms of reactivity, why magnesium is preferred over zinc to protect underground iron pipes.
Your response must include both magnesium and zinc.
 Answer Key
electrochemistry

1. C 37. C 52. Examples: – The

2. A 38. C battery provides the
electrical energy
3. B 39. A necessary for the
4. C 40. C reaction to occur.
5. D 41. A 53. Ag+ + e - ® Ag or
2Ag+ + 2e - ® 2Ag
6. C 42. C
54. Acceptable responses
7. D 43. D
include, but are not
8. A 44. D limited to: • The salt
9. B 45. C bridge allows for the
migration of ions
10. C 46. D
between the
11. A 47. Acceptable responses: half-cells. • The salt
12. C half-cell 1, Pb, left, bridge prevents
lead. polarization of the
13. D half-cells maintains
48. • Na + + e - Na or
14. B 2Na+ + 2e - 2Na electrical neutrality
15. C 49. copper ions from the 55. Examples: –
16. A solution are reduced Magnesium atoms
to copper atoms at the lose electrons more
17. C easily than zinc
electrode, increasing
18. C the mass of the atoms. – Mg oxidizes
electrode; Copper more readily than Zn.
19. A
ions become copper – Mg is more active
20. A than Zn.
atoms; The number of
21. C copper ions decreases,
22. D and the number of
copper atoms
23. D increases.
24. C 50. —Silver atoms lose
25. A electrons and become
silver ions in the
26. C
solution. —Some of
27. A the Ag atoms become
28. A Ag+ ions. —Silver
atoms are oxidized to
29. A
silver ions.
30. D
51. Examples: – Ag is
31. B below H2 in the
32. B activity series. – Ag is
more difficult to
33. B oxidize.
34. D
35. D
36. D