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    Competency 6 Assessment: Alyssa Cremer Rasmussen College General Psychology Jennifer Green October 2, 2020

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    The document discusses several key ethical considerations in research involving human participants, including the principles of non-maleficence (causing no harm), informed consent, data confidentiality, and allowing participants the freedom to withdraw. It analyzes some famous psychology experiments and finds they violated some of these principles, for example Milgram's experiment failed to allow withdrawal and Zimbardo's prison study caused psychological harm.

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    Competency 6 Assessment: Alyssa Cremer Rasmussen College General Psychology Jennifer Green October 2, 2020

    Uploaded by

    alyssa cremer
    52 views5 pages
    The document discusses several key ethical considerations in research involving human participants, including the principles of non-maleficence (causing no harm), informed consent, data confidentiality, and allowing participants the freedom to withdraw. It analyzes some famous psychology experiments and finds they violated some of these principles, for example Milgram's experiment failed to allow withdrawal and Zimbardo's prison study caused psychological harm.

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    study guide

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    Psychology Test 6

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    The document discusses several key ethical considerations in research involving human participants, including the principles of non-maleficence (causing no harm), informed consent, data confidentiality, and allowing participants the freedom to withdraw. It analyzes some famous psychology experiments and finds they violated some of these principles, for example Milgram's experiment failed to allow withdrawal and Zimbardo's prison study caused psychological harm.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    52 views5 pages

    Competency 6 Assessment: Alyssa Cremer Rasmussen College General Psychology Jennifer Green October 2, 2020

    Uploaded by

    alyssa cremer
    The document discusses several key ethical considerations in research involving human participants, including the principles of non-maleficence (causing no harm), informed consent, data confidentiality, and allowing participants the freedom to withdraw. It analyzes some famous psychology experiments and finds they violated some of these principles, for example Milgram's experiment failed to allow withdrawal and Zimbardo's prison study caused psychological harm.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    1

    Competency 6 Assessment

    Alyssa Cremer

    Rasmussen College

    General Psychology

    Jennifer Green

    October 2, 2020
    2

    Competency 6 Assessment

    The most important ethical consideration in research is the rule of 'Non-maleficence'/

    minimal risk, which means not inflicting pain physically or mentally. In other words, the

    research that you conduct on should in no way lead to even minor physical harm (injury, damage

    to the body, loss of senses) or mental stress (anxiety, uneasiness, pathology) Be it in researches,

    including human or animal participants; they should be given the utmost respect and care.

    Specific pointers that can ensure this includes checking for possible side effects, technical

    problems, possible accidents. If the participant shows unusual physical or psychological

    difficulty after the study, provide the necessary care. Ensure that the participant is in the same

    state of wellness as she/he was when the person came to be part of the study. However, there is

    the option for minimal risk (only in some instances approved by the institutional ethical review

    board), where specific risky experimental measures are approved (usually only in animals), only

    if the advantages of using those methodologies outweigh the disadvantages (for, e.g., hurting an

    animal to test vaccine efficiency). 

    Informed consent which means the participants should be given a description of the

    study's aim, procedure, and methodology used, possible risks (if any). Permission should be

    sought from them and made sure that they have understood the study, and this should be

    obtained from them in written (or verbally in certain situations). In case the study includes

    children (18 years of age), assent should be obtained from the child's parents. In some studies,

    deception is used, where the study's real aim might not be revealed to the participants. This can

    be used only in certain conditions. This is done to prevent participants from behaving

    unnaturally; participants must behave the way they usually would when not being observed or

    studied (e.g., if the study aims to measure altruism/prosocial behavior, if the participants are
    3

    aware that they are being observed, they might not be their authentic self). Debriefing is at the

    end of the study; participants should be debriefed about the study's procedure and methodology.

    The briefing should be done in a comprehensible manner. 

    Data storage meaning confidentiality and anonymity should be maintained while storing

    the data. This may be done by storing data on a key-locked file within a computer. One may use

    codes instead of the participant's name. Data should not be shared with anyone and should be

    destroyed. Free will meaning when the participants should be given the liberty to decide whether

    to be part of the study (not forced) and withdraw from the study at any point in time. The

    participant should be provided with a contact number if they have any doubts about the study.

    However, it is okay to provide incentives to participants, including money or extra points.

    Ethical concerns in Milgram’s experiment

     rule of non-maleficence was not followed- participants were given shocks, which have

    severe health effects.

     participants were not given the freedom to withdraw

     the deception was used unprofessionally

     debriefing was not adequate

    Zimbardo's Prison experiment

     Non-maleficence was not followed- torturing of participants who enacted prisoners,

    inhumane conditions of living and physical punishments

     Risks were not explained- one participant suffered from emotional disturbances

     free will to withdraw from the study was not provided


    4

    Asch's Experiment

     the deception was used, which can affect the credibility of the results

     Proper debriefing was lacking

    Marsh mellow study/Willpower' over the life span

     the highly vulnerable sample was used-preschooler


    5

    References

    Haslam, S. A., & Reicher, S. D. (2012). Contesting the 'nature' of conformity: What Milgram and

    Zimbardo's studies really show. Plos Biology, 10(11), doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001426

    Larsen, K. S. (1974). Conformity in the Asch experiment. The Journal Of Social Psychology, 94(2),

    303-304. doi:10.1080/00224545.1974.9923224

    Mischel, W. Ayduk, O., Berman, M. G., Casey, B. J., Gotlib, I. H., Jonides, J., & ... Shoda, Y. (2011).

    'Willpower' over the life span: Decomposing self-regulation. Social Cognitive and Affective

    Neuroscience, 6(2), 252-256. doi:10.1093/scan/nsq081

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