10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Geometric Means,
Terms and Sums
(M10ALId-2)
Mathematics – Grade 10
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Geometric Means, Terms & Sums
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Joel C. Patiño Jr.
Editor (Language/Social Content): Vivencio O. Aniñon, Ed.D/Ruby A. Buhat, Ed.D
Reviewer: Nora B. Mendoza / Maureen Socorro N. Muñasque
Illustrator: Geunicar A. Perez, MAELT
Layout Artist: Geunicar A. Perez, MAELT
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Concepcion F. Balawag, CESO V - Schools Division Superintendent
Edgar S. Sumapal - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Jade T. Palomar - REPS, Mathematics
Pancho G. Balawag, Ed. D - CID Chief
Engr. Reynaldo SE Villan - EPS In Charge of LRMS
Vivencio O. Aniñon, Ed.D - Division ADM Coordinator
Engr. Reynaldo SE Villan – EPS, Math

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Geometric Means,
Terms and Sums
(M10ALId-2)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 10 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Geometric Means,

Terms and Sums !

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 10 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Geometric Means,

Terms and Sums !The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body.
It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn,
create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you
as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

3
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

4
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the concepts and skills in determining geometric means, nth term of geometric
sequence and sum of terms of a given finite or infinite geometric sequence (M10ALId-
2). The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.
 The module focuses on problem-solving that involves geometric means, terms
and sums.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. determine the geometric mean of the given set of numbers.
2. find the nth term of geometric sequence;
3. evaluate the sum of terms of finite or infinite geometric sequence and
4. solve word problems involving geometric means, terms and sums.

5
 What I Know

Let us check your background knowledge about determining geometric

means, terms and sums by answering the questions below. Choose the letter of the
best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the geometric mean of 2 and 8?

A. 8 C. 3
B. 5 D. 4
2. What is the geometric mean of 3 and 24?
A. 2 6 27
C.
2 2
B.
27 D. 6 2
3. Which of the following two positive numbers has a geometric mean of 10 ?
A.  4 and  25 C. 9 and 11
B. 4 and 25 D.  9 and  11
4. Which of the following two positive numbers has a geometric mean of
2 3 ?
A. 1 and 2 C. 3 and 4
B. 3 and 2 D. 4 and 5
5. What is the geometric mean of 2, 3, 5, 3, 10 and 8?
A. 2.39 C. 4.39
B. 3.39 D. 5.39
6. What is the 9th term of the geometric sequence 2, 8, 32, 128, … ?
A. 65,536 C. 32,768
B. 131,072 D. 524,288
7. Given the sequence 2, 4, 8, 16, … If the nth term is 512, find the value of n.
A. 7 C. 9
B. 8 D. 10
8. Which of the following is the fourth term of the given infinite geometric
sequence?
3 3 3
, , ,...
4 8 16
32 32
A. C. 
3 3
3 3
B. D. 
32 32
9. What is the 7th term of the given sequence in the previous item?
3 256
A. C.
256 3
3 256
B.  D. 
256 3

6
 1 1
10. What is the 8th term of the infinite geometric sequence  2,1, , ,... ?
2 4
85 64
A. C.
64 85
85 64
B.  D. 
64 85
11. What is the sum of the first 8 terms of the geometric sequence if a1  1
and r  2 ?
A. 254 C. 256
B. 255 D. 257
12. What is the value of S10 of the given geometric sequence 24, 12, 6, …?
369 369
A. C.
64 4
3,069 3,069
B. D.
4 64
13. Which of the following is the sum of the infinite geometric sequence 27,
18, 12, 8, … if it exists ?
A. none C. 81
2 32
B. D.
3 4

14. Which of the following is the sum of the infinite geometric sequence 8, 12,
18, 27, … if it exists ?
A. none C. 1
3 32
B. D.
2 2
15. Evaluate.
10

 3(2)
n 1
n 1

A. 1,023
B.  1,023
C. 1,032
D.  1,032

7
 Lesson
Geometric Means, Terms
6 and Sums

You have learned about arithmetic means, terms and sums which contributed
to your deeper understanding of the nature of arithmetic sequences. Now, it’s time
for you to discover more about the beauty of geometric sequences by considering the
geometric means, terms, sums and the corresponding applications.

What’s In

In your previous lessons, you have learned about the basic concepts of
geometric sequence which are relevant to a better understanding of geometric means,
terms and sums. Let’s reconsider.

Key Concepts and Related Questions:

* Positive numbers are counting numbers starting from 1.

Questions to Ponder:

 What symbol is used to represent positive numbers?

 Are positive numbers also integers?

 Can we represent all positive numbers as an infinity?

* Geometric sequence has a common ratio.

Questions to Ponder:

 Are geometric figures included in the study of geometric sequence?

 How is common ratio different from common difference?

 What makes a sequence geometric?

8
* Terms in a sequence are separated by commas.

Questions to Ponder:

 What is a term as used in Algebra?

 Can we also use variables to represent terms?

 Is it possible for a term to be negative?

Let’s connect!

15 ... 
What’s New

Study the concepts below and consider the examples that follow.

Geometric Means
Geometric Mean (GM) is a special type of average where we multiply the given n
numbers together and then take its nth root.

To find the GM of two positive numbers, this formula can be used:

n
GM  n x
i 1
i

GM  n x1  x2  ...  xn
Example 1:
Find the geometric mean of 3 and 27.

Solution:
n
GM  n x
i 1
i

9
  x1  x2

 3 27
 81
9
Therefore, the geometric mean of 3 and 27 is 9.

In relation to a geometric sequence, it can be written as 3, 9, 27,...

The idea of GM is like two equal areas.

= 3 = 9

27 9

Example 2:
Find the geometric mean of 18, 12 and 8.

Solution:
n
GM  n x
i 1
i

 3 x1  x2  x3
 3 18 12  8
 3 1,728
 12
Therefore, the geometric mean of 18, 12 and 8 is 12.

The idea of GM is like two equal volumes.

= =

18 x 12 x 8 12 x 12 x 12

Geometric Terms
The sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, … is called a geometric sequence. If each term after the
first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant, then you
are dealing with geometric sequence.
Given a geometric sequence with the first term a1 and the common ratio r, the
general term or nth term is given by an  a1r n1 .

10
Example 1:
Find the 7th term of the geometric sequence 3, 12, 48, …

Solution:
an  a1r n1
a7  3  471
a7  3 46
a7  3  4,096
a7  12,288
Therefore, the 7th term in the given geometric sequence is 12, 288.

Example 2:

Find the first term of the geometric sequence if the 6 th term is 3, 072
and the common ratio is 4.
Solution:
an  a1r n1
3,072  a1  461
3,072  a1  45
3,072  a1 1,024
3,072  1,024a1
3  a1
a1  3
Therefore, the 1st term in the given geometric sequence is 3.

Geometric Sums
Have you ever encountered these notations?

 
Given the terms of a sequence, we can get its corresponding sum which is known
to be as a series.

There exists useful formulas that can be used to easily evaluate the sums of both
finite and infinite sequence.

11
1. Finite Sequence
a1 1  r n 
Sn 
1 r
2. Infinite Sequence
a1
S 
1 r
where
-1 < r < 1

Example 1:
Finite Sum:
Find the sum of the finite sequence given a1 = 1, r = 2 and n = 7.
Solution:
a1 1  r n 
Sn 
1 r
11  (2) 7 
Sn 
1 2
Sn 
1  128
1
 127
Sn 
1
Sn  127

Therefore, the sum of the given sequence is 127.

Example 2:
Infinite Sum:
Find the sum of the infinite sequence given a1 = 16, r = -1/2 and n = 7.
Solution:
a1
S 
1 r
16
S 
 1
1   
 2
16
S 
1
1
2
16
S 
1
1
2
2
S  10
3
Therefore, the sum of the given sequence is 10 2/3.

12
Problem - Solving
George Polya’s Steps in Problem-Solving

Step 1: Define and understand the problem

- What information do you obtain from the problem?

Step 2: Devise a plan or a strategy

- Break the problem down into different parts.

Step 3: Carry out the plan

- Perform the necessary Mathematics computations.

Step 4: Looking back

- Does your answer make sense? Is it reasonable?

Example:

Three positive numbers form a geometric sequence. If the geometric mean

of the first two numbers is 6 and the geometric mean of the last two
numbers is 24, find the three numbers and their common ratio.

Solution:
Step 1: Define and understand the problem
 The geometric mean of the first two numbers is 6
 The geometric mean of the last two numbers is 24
 Find the three numbers and their common ratio

Step 2: Devise a plan or a strategy

 Let a, 6, b, 24, c be the geometric sequence
 Let a1 = 6 and a3 = 24

Step 3: Carry out the plan

 Since a3 = a1r2
Then 24 = 6r2
4 = r2
r  2
 Since the three numbers are positive
Then we take r = 2
 Finally,
6
a 3
2
24
b  12
2
c  24  2  48

13
 What is It

Below are important terminologies, notations and symbols that you must learn and
remember in finding the geometric means, terms and sums.

Concept Symbol Meaning

It is the amount between each term
Common Ratio r
in a geometric sequence.
It is the first position in the terms of
First Term a1
a sequence
It is the central number in a
Geometric Mean GM
geometric progression
It is the sum of the terms of a
geometric sequence which is
Geometric Sum Sn
commonly known as geometric
series.
It is known as the nth term of a
General Term an
sequence.

Product Notation  It is used to represent the product.

Sigma Notation  It is used to represent the sum.

What’s More

Let us try to answer more challenging set of problems and activities about
finding the geometric means, terms and sums.

1. Find the value of x if the geometric mean of 2x and 19x  2 is 7 x  2 .

2. The sum to infinity of a geometric sequence is twice the first term. What is
the common ratio?

Good job! Get ready for another learning battle ahead!

14
 What I Have Learned

Here is an activity that lets you apply what you learned about determining
geometric means, terms and sums.

1. Evaluate the value if given geometric mean is expressed in this form.

3
GM  3 2 k 1
k

2. Find the sum of the terms of a geometric sequence where the first term
is 4, the last term is 324 and the common ratio is 3.
3. Find the 15th term of the geometric sequence 8, 4, 2, 1, ….

Nice work! Now you’re up for the final challenge of this module.

What I Can Do

Here is another activity that lets you apply what you learned about the
determining geometric means, terms and sums in real-life situations.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that about 16 million

adolescent girls between 15 and 19 years of age give birth each year. Knowing the
adverse effects of adolescent childbearing on the health of the mothers as well as
their infants, a group of students from Magiting National High School volunteered to
help the government in its prevention of early pregnancy by giving lectures to 7
barangays about the WHO Guidelines on teenage pregnancy. The group started in
Barangay 1 and four (4) girls attended the lecture. Girls from other barangays heard
about it, so 8 girls attended from Barangay 2, 16 from Barangay 3, and so on.
a. Make a table representing the number of adolescent girls who attended the
lecture from Barangay 1 to Barangay 7 assuming that the number of
attendees doubles at each barangay.
b. Analyze the data in the table and create a formula. Use the formula to justify
your data in the table.
c. Determine the total number of girls who will benefit from the lecture.

Great work! You did a good job in applying what you have learned!

15
 Assessment

I hope you had a great time going over this module. For you to determine how
much you’ve learned, kindly answer the questions by showing a complete solution.
(Note: Answer at least five (5) problems)

1. The geometric mean between the first two terms in a geometric sequence
is 32. If the third term is 4, find the first term.
1
2. Insert a geometric mean of between k and .
k
3. If 2 and 3 are two geometric means between m and n , find the values of
m and n .
4. Find the 6th term of a geometric sequence where the second term is 6 and
the common ratio is 2.
5. Find k so that the terms k  3 , k  1 and 4k  2 form a geometric
sequence.
6. In the geometric sequence 6,12,24,48,... , which term is 768?

7. Find the sum of the five terms of 4,12,36,108,...

8. Find the sum of the terms of 64,16,4,1,...

9. Find the sum of the given infinite geometric sequence:
1 1 1 1
, , , ,...
3 9 27 81

Good Job! You did well on this module! Keep going!

Congratulations on completing the whole module. You are now

ready to answer the next module on solving word problems
involving sequences.

16
 Additional Activities

Try this:
Imagine that you were one of the people in the Human Resource group of a
fast growing company in the Philippines. All of you were asked by the management
to create a salary scheme for a very important job that the company would offer to
the best IT graduates this year. The management gave the salary range for 2 years,
telling everyone in your group that whoever could give a salary scheme that would
best benefit both the employer and the would-be employees would be given
incentives. Individually, make use of all the concepts you learned on geometric
sequences considering the starting salary, the rate of increase, the time frame, etc. in
making different salary schemes and in deciding which one will be the best for both
the employer and the would-be employees. Show a complete and neat output. You’ll
be rated based on accuracy and presentation.

17
Answer Key

18
19
References
https://byjus.com/geometric-mean-formula/

https://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/geometric-mean.html

http://www.mathguide.com/lessons/SequenceGeometric.html

https://www.varsitytutors.com/hotmath/hotmath_help/topics/nth-term-of-a-

geometric-sequence

https://depedtambayan.org/grade-9-teachers-guide-tg-k-to-12-curriculum-2/

https://www.slideshare.net/daniholic/math-grade-10-learners-module

20
 Disclaimer
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]