National University of Engineering

National University of Engineering
SECOND SEMESTER 2020

Week 12
Date: From October 26th to October 30th 2020.
UNIT III: DESCRIPTION
Content: Perfect Tense

The PRESENT PERFECT TENSE is formed:
Subject + have/ has + past participle (regular or irregular form of a verb)

+complement+.
Examples:
Joan has studied two foreign languages.

A: Have you ever met him?
B: No, I have not met him.
Present Perfect
We use Present Perfect to talk about things that took place:
• during a period that includes past and present: They've been waiting here for an
hour.
• in the past, but we're not saying exactly when: Don't tell me he's bought another
new car!
• in the past with an effect or result in the present: I'm afraid I've forgotten my key.
• with the time adverb just meaning 'a short time ago' (American English uses Past
Simple here): She's just gone out.
Past Perfect
We use Past Perfect to talk about things that took place:
• before something else in the past: I took the decision after I had spoken to John.
• during a period before an event in the past: All day I'd been feeling nervous but the
feeling vanished as soon as I saw her.
Future Perfect
We use Future Perfect to talk about:
• something that will be finished before a specified time in the future: I’ll have
signed nearly a hundred letters by tonight.
for, since, already, yet, still, often, etc
We often use Perfect tenses with these time words.

• Note important variations in their position: We still haven't heard from Olga. We'd
still not heard from her by the time evening arrived. (= more formal) I haven't heard
a convincing explanation of her absence yet. She's phoned already. Has she phoned
already? She's already phoned. She hasn't already phoned, has she?
WAT C H O U T ! ! ! ! !
• We don't use Present Perfect when an exact past time is mentioned and there is no
connection with the present:
We’ve been to London in 1997

WRONG
We went to London in 1997.

RIGHT
WAT C H O U T ! ! ! ! !
• But we can use the Present Perfect if the period mentioned includes the past and
present:
We've been here since half past six.
I haven't done much work today
. It's been raining for ages.
WAT C H O U T ! ! ! ! !
• We use Past Perfect for something that happened before something else. We can
only use it with another Past tense:
I went to see him because his wife had asked me to.
• We omit will in time clauses

I’ll phone you as soon as we will have arrived
. WRONG
I’ll phone you as soon as we have arrived
. RIGHT
Present Perfect
Present Perfect often combines with other tenses in the same sentence
USES WITH OTHER PRESENT TENSES

We use Present Perfect with other Present tenses:
• with report/comment verbs or phrases (guess, imagine, suppose, etc.):
I reckon Gloria's been held up in traffic.

Do you suppose they've forgotten they're meant to be here
• with the phrase This is / it's / That’s the first / second /only, etc. time ... :
This is the first time he's been late.
It's the only time I've ever really got angry with him.

• when an event is unusual or unique in your life (often with a superlative and
ever or never):
I've never met anybody who is so absent-minded.

• However, we commonly use a Past tense to refer to somebody who is dead:
Princess Diana was the least extraordinary person I've ever read about.

• when commenting on the present results of something in the past (usually
with appear, seem, sound, etc.): He sounds as if he has run all the way here.
It seems they've already decided without consulting us.
USES WITH PAST TENSES

We use Present Perfect with Past tenses:
• to describe states or events that have continued since a time in the past (with
since, ever since, etc.):
He's been a bit more careful since he had that warning
Ever since l first heard it I've been trying to find a recording of that song
USES WITH PAST TENSES

• to describe long-term or repeated feelings and thoughts about past events:
I've often wondered why I decided to become a teacher.
I've always felt we did the wrong thing when we took her on as an assistant.
USE WITH ANOTHER PRESENT PERFECT
We use Present Perfect with another Present Perfect:
• to describe two states that have existed since a time in the past:
Since I've known him, he's always worn the same sweater.
USE WITH FUTURE FORMS

• In time clauses (after when, as soon as, until, before, etc.) we don't use will,
and so
the Future Perfect will have done is not possible.
In these cases we use the Present Perfect to refer to the future:
We'll continue the meeting when he's recovered his composure.
USE WITH SINCE AND YET

• Note the position and emphatic uses of since and yet:
There was no news this morning but we've since learned that she's in Rome
. I haven't met anyone yet who can run as fast as him. or: I've yet to meet
anyone who . . .
COMMON PHRASES
• They've made it! (= They've succeeded)
• I've had enough. (= I'm fed up. I don't want to do any more)
• You've had it! (= You're in trouble)
• That's torn it! (= You, we, etc. have done something that someone else will
complain strongly about)
COMMON PHRASES
• Now you've done it! (= You've done something seriously wrong)
• She’s arrived. (= She's achieved fame, success, acceptance, etc. at last)
• He's lost it. (= He's lost his patience or self-control)
• You've got me there! (= Good point: I've no idea what the solution is)
Exercises:
I-Correct these sentences
A- It's the third time he missed a meeting.

It´s the third time he´s missed a meeting.
B- As soon as he will finish, he's going home.

As soon as he will finish, he´s gone home.
C- This is the best lasagna I ever have.
This is the best lasagna I ever had.
D- Since we've known each other, he always shows impeccable manners

Since we´ve known each other, he´s always shown impeccable manners.
E- Since I've met her, I've never seen her lose her temper.
II-Tick the sentences that are correct.

Correct those that are not.
a Do you think Vicky's always known the truth about us

b That's been the second time you've forgotten to post something for me.
c I haven't seen Peter since he begins seeing his new girlfriend.
d Ever since we met, you never asked me what I prefer to do.
e In all my life, I never spoke to someone who is quite so stupid.
f I don't think Paul and Carol have seen much of each other of late.
g This is the only occasion that I've seen him wearing a tie.
h Since he's lived here, he was usually extremely friendly
i They'll join us after they'll get a bite to eat.
j He says he hasn't yet come to a final decision.
III.Complete the chart with the past participle of these verbs.
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish

answer answered responder
Discover Discovered descubrir
do Did Hacer
Find Found encontrar
borrow borrowed tomar prestado
break broke Broken romper
buy bought Bought comprar
catch caught Caught atrapar
know Knew known saber
Make Made Made Hacer
Teach taught Taught enseñar
come came Come venir
Understand Understood Understood Entender
Write Wrote Written Escribir

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What are the different tenses discussed in the document?

What are the different tenses discussed in the document?

How is the present perfect tense used?

How is the present perfect tense used?

National University of Engineering

SECOND SEMESTER 2020

Date: From October 26th to October 30th 2020.

UNIT III: DESCRIPTION

Content: Perfect Tense

Subject + have/ has + past participle (regular or irregular form of a verb)

Joan has studied two foreign languages.

for, since, already, yet, still, often, etc

We often use Perfect tenses with these time words.

We’ve been to London in 1997

We went to London in 1997.

• We omit will in time clauses

USES WITH OTHER PRESENT TENSES

• with report/comment verbs or phrases (guess, imagine, suppose, etc.):

I reckon Gloria's been held up in traffic.

USES WITH OTHER PRESENT TENSES

USES WITH OTHER PRESENT TENSES

USES WITH OTHER PRESENT TENSES

USES WITH PAST TENSES

USES WITH PAST TENSES

USE WITH FUTURE FORMS

In these cases we use the Present Perfect to refer to the future:

We'll continue the meeting when he's recovered his composure.

USE WITH SINCE AND YET

I-Correct these sentences

A- It's the third time he missed a meeting.

B- As soon as he will finish, he's going home.

D- Since we've known each other, he always shows impeccable manners

II-Tick the sentences that are correct.

a Do you think Vicky's always known the truth about us

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish

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