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ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606

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IGCSE

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FOR EXAMINATION IN 2008

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Exclusions
This syllabus must not be offered in the same session with the following syllabus:

4037 Additional Mathematics

You can find syllabuses and information about CIE teacher training events on the CIE
Website (www.cie.org.uk).
 Additional Mathematics

Syllabus code: 0606

CONTENTS
Page

INTRODUCTION 1
AIMS 1
ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES 2
ASSESSMENT 2
CURRICULUM CONTENT 3
 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

INTRODUCTION
International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) syllabuses are designed as two-
year courses for examination at age 16-plus.
All IGCSE syllabuses follow a general pattern. The main sections are:
Aims
Assessment Objectives
Assessment
Curriculum Content.
The IGCSE subjects have been categorised into groups, subjects within each group having similar
Aims and Assessment Objectives.
Additional Mathematics falls into Group IV, Mathematics, of the International Certificate of Education
(ICE) subjects together with Mathematics.
The Additional Mathematics syllabus is intended for high ability candidates who have achieved, or are
likely to achieve, Grade A*, A or B in the IGCSE Mathematics examination.

AIMS
The aims of the syllabus are the same for all students. These are set out below and describe the
educational purposes of a course in Additional Mathematics for the IGCSE examination. They are not
listed in order of priority.

The aims are to enable students to:

1. consolidate and extend their elementary mathematical skills, and use these in the context of
more advanced techniques;
2. further develop their knowledge of mathematical concepts and principles, and use this
knowledge for problem solving;
3. appreciate the interconnectedness of mathematical knowledge;
4. acquire a suitable foundation in mathematics for further study in the subject or in mathematics
related subjects;
5. devise mathematical arguments and use and present them precisely and logically;
6. integrate information technology to enhance the mathematical experience;
7. develop the confidence to apply their mathematical skills and knowledge in appropriate
situations;
8. develop creativity and perseverance in the approach to problem solving;
9. derive enjoyment and satisfaction from engaging in mathematical pursuits, and gain an
appreciation of the beauty, power and usefulness of mathematics.

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 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES
The examination will test the ability of candidates to:
1. recall and use manipulative technique;
2. interpret and use mathematical data, symbols and terminology;
3. comprehend numerical, algebraic and spatial concepts and relationships;
4. recognise the appropriate mathematical procedure for a given situation;
5. formulate problems into mathematical terms and select and apply appropriate techniques of
solution.
Any of the assessment objectives can be assessed in any question in the two question papers.

ASSESSMENT

SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT
Grades A* to E will be available for candidates who achieve the required standards. Since there is no
Core Curriculum for this syllabus, Grades F and G will not be available. Therefore candidates who do
not achieve the minimum mark for Grade E will be unclassified.
There will be two papers, each of 2 hours and each carries 80 marks.
Content for PAPER 1 and PAPER 2 will not be dissected.
Each paper will consist of approximately 10-12 questions of various lengths. There will be no choice
of question except that the last question in each paper will consist of two alternatives, only one of
which must be answered. The mark allocations for the last question will be in the range of 10-12
marks.

Notes
1. The syllabus assumes that candidates will be in possession of an electronic calculator with
scientific functions for both papers. Non-exact numerical answers will be required to be given
correct to three significant figures, or one decimal place in the case of angles in degrees,
unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
2. Relevant mathematical formulae will be provided on the inside covers of the question papers.

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 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

CURRICULUM CONTENT
The Additional Mathematics syllabus is intended for high ability candidates who have achieved, or are
likely to achieve Grade A*, A or B in the IGCSE Mathematics examination. The Curriculum Objectives
are therefore assessed at one level only (Extended). As for Extended level syllabuses in other
subjects, Grades A* to E will be available.
The Curriculum Objectives (Core and Supplement) for IGCSE Mathematics will be assumed as
prerequisite knowledge. Proofs of standard results will not be required unless specifically mentioned
below. Candidates will be expected to be familiar with the scientific notation for the expression of
compound units, e.g. 5 m s-1 for 5 metres per second.

THEME OR TOPIC CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES

Candidates should be able to:

1. Set language and notation –use set language and notation, and Venn diagrams to
describe sets and represent relationships between sets as
follows:

A = {x: x is a natural number}

B = {(x,y): y = mx + c}
C = {x: a Y=x Y b}
D = {a, b, c, …}

–understand and use the following notation:

Union of A and B A∪B
Intersection of A and B A∩B
Number of elements in set A n(A)
“…is an element of…” ∈
“…is not an element of…” ∉
Complement of set A A'
The empty set ∅
Universal set
A is a subset of B A⊆B
A is a proper subset of B A⊂B
A is not a subset of B A B
A is not a proper subset of A⊄B

2. Functions –understand the terms function, domain, range (image set),

one-one function, inverse function and composition of functions;
–use the notation f(x) = sinx, f: x a lg x, (x > 0), f -1(x) and
f 2(x) [= f (f(x))];
–understand the relationship between y = f(x) and y = f(x),
where f(x) may be linear, quadratic or trigonometric;
–explain in words why a given function is a function or why it
does not have an inverse;
–find the inverse of a one-one function and form composite
functions;
–use sketch graphs to show the relationship between a function
and its inverse.

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 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

THEME OR TOPIC CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES

3. Quadratic functions –find the maximum or minimum value of the quadratic function
f : x a ax2 + bx + c by any method;
–use the maximum or minimum value of f(x) to sketch the graph
or determine the range for a given domain;
–know the conditions for f(x) = 0 to have (i) two real roots,
(ii) two equal roots, (iii) no real roots; and the related conditions
for a given line to (i) intersect a given curve, (ii) be a tangent to
a given curve, (iii) not intersect a given curve;
–solve quadratic equations for real roots and find the solution
set for quadratic inequalities.

4. Indices and surds –perform simple operations with indices and with surds,
including rationalising the denominator.

5. Factors of polynomials –know and use the remainder and factor theorems;
–find factors of polynomials;
–solve cubic equations.

6. Simultaneous equations –solve simultaneous equations in two unknowns with at least

one linear equation.

7. Logarithmic and exponential –know simple properties and graphs of the logarithmic and
exponential functions including lnx and ex (series expansions
functions
are not required);
–know and use the laws of logarithms (including change of
base of logarithms);
–solve equations of the form ax = b.

8. Straight line graphs –interpret the equation of a straight line graph in the form
y = mx + c;
–transform given relationships, including y = axn and y = Abx, to
straight line form and hence determine unknown constants by
calculating the gradient or intercept of the transformed graph;
–solve questions involving mid-point and length of a line;
–know and use the condition for two lines to be parallel or
perpendicular.

9. Circular measure –solve problems involving the arc length and sector area of a
circle, including knowledge and use of radian measure.

10. Trigonometry –know the six trigonometric functions of angles of any

magnitude (sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant, cotangent);
–understand amplitude and periodicity and the relationship
between graphs of e.g. sin x and sin 2x ;
–draw and use the graphs of
y = a sin(bx) + c,
y = a cos(bx) + c,
y = a tan(bx) + c,
where a, b are positive integers and c is an integer;

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 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

THEME OR TOPIC CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES

–use the relationships

sin A cos A
= tan A, = cot A, sin2 A + cos2 A = 1,
cos A sin A
2 2
sec A = 1+ tan A, cosec2 A = 1+ cot2 A
and solve simple trigonometric equations involving the six
trigonometric functions and the above relationships
(not including general solution of trigonometric equations);
–prove simple trigonometric identities.

11. Permutations and –recognise and distinguish between a permutation case and a
combinations combination case;
–know and use the notation n!, (with 0! = 1), and the
expressions for permutations and combinations of n items
taken r at a time;
–answer simple problems on arrangement and selection (cases
with repetition of objects, or with objects arranged in a circle or
involving both permutations and combinations, are excluded).

12. Binomial expansions –use the Binomial Theorem for expansion of (a + b)n for
positive integral n;
n
–use the general term   an–r br, 0 < r Y n
r 
(knowledge of the greatest term and properties of the
coefficients is not required).

a
13. Vectors in 2 dimensions –use vectors in any form, e.g.   , AB, p, ai – bj;
b
–know and use position vectors and unit vectors;
–find the magnitude of a vector. Add and subtract vectors and
multiply vectors by scalars;
–compose and resolve velocities;
–use relative velocity including solving problems on interception
(but not closest approach).

14. Matrices –display information in the form of a matrix of any order and
interpret the data in a given matrix;
–solve problems involving the calculation of the sum and
product (where appropriate) of two matrices and interpret the
results;
–calculate the product of a scalar quantity and a matrix;
–use the algebra of 2 x 2 matrices (including the zero and
identity matrix);
–calculate the determinant and inverse of a non-singular 2 x 2
matrix and solve simultaneous linear equations.

15. Differentiation and –understand the idea of a derived function;

Integration 2
dy d y  d  dy  
–use the notations f
(x), f

(x), , =   ;
dx dx
2
 dx  dx  

–use the derivatives of the standard functions xn (for any
rational n), sin x, cos x, tan x, ex, lnx, together with constant
multiples, sums and composite functions of these;

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 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 0606 IGCSE 2008

THEME OR TOPIC CURRICULUM OBJECTIVES

–differentiate products and quotients of functions;

–apply differentiation to gradients, tangents and normals,
stationary points, connected rates of change, small increments
and approximations and practical maxima and minima
problems;
–discriminate between maxima and minima by any method;
–understand integration as the reverse process of
differentiation;
–integrate sums of terms in powers of x excluding x1 ;
–integrate functions of the form (ax + b)n (excluding n = –1),
eax+b, sin (ax + b), cos (ax + b);
–evaluate definite integrals and apply integration to the
evaluation of plane areas;
–apply differentiation and integration to kinematics problems
that involve displacement, velocity and acceleration of a particle
moving in a straight line with variable or constant acceleration,
and the use of x-t and v-t graphs.

Copies of syllabuses, past papers and Examiners' reports are available on CD-ROM and can be
ordered using the Publications Catalogue, which is available at www.cie.org.uk under ‘Qualifications &
Diplomas’ – ‘Order Publications’.