Exercise 13.1 Page No: 208: NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse Proportions
Exercise 13.1 Page No: 208: NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse Proportions
Exercise 13.1 Page No: 208: NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse Proportions
Proportions
4 hours Rs.60
8 hours Rs.100
12 hours Rs.140
24 hours Rs.180
Check if the parking charges are in direct proportion to the parking time.
Solution:
C4 = 180/24 = Rs.7.50
Therefore, the parking charges are not in direct proportion to the parking time.
2. A mixture of paint is prepared by mixing 1 part of red pigments with 8 parts of base. In
the following table, find the parts of base that need to be added.
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
Solution:
Let the ratio of parts of red pigment and parts of base be a/b .
Case 1: Here, a1 = 1, b1 = 8
Case 2: When a2 = 4 , b2 = ?
Case 3: When a3 = 7 , b3 = ?
Case 4: When a4 = 12 , b4 =?
Case 5: When a5 = 20 , b5 = ?
3. In Question 2 above, if 1 part of a red pigment requires 75 mL of base, how much red
pigment should we mix with 1800 mL of base?
Solution:
Hence with base 1800 mL, 24 parts red pigment should be mixed.
4. A machine in a soft drink factory fills 840 bottles in six hours. How many bottles will it fill
in five hours?
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
Solution:
6x = 5×840
x = 5×840/6 = 700
Solution:
6. In a model of a ship, the mast is 9 cm high, while the mast of the actual ship is 12 m high.
If the length if the ship is 28 m, how long is the model ship?
Solution:
Let the length of model ship be x .
Here length of mast and actual length of ship are in direct proportion.
x = 21 cm
7. Suppose 2 kg of sugar contains 9×106 crystals. How many sugar crystals are there in
(i) 5 kg of sugar? (ii) 1.2 kg of sugar?
Solution:
8. Rashmi has a road map with a scale of 1 cm representing 18 km. She drives on a road for
72 km. What would be her distance covered in the map?
Solution:
Here actual distance and distance covered in the map are in direct proportion.
x = 4 cm
9. A 5 m 60 cm high vertical pole casts a shadow 3 m 20 cm long. Find at the same time (i)
the length of the shadow cast by another pole 10 m 50 cm high (ii) the height of a pole
which casts a shadow 5 m long.
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
Solution:
Here height of the pole and length of the shadow are in direct proportion.
And 1 m = 100 cm
5 m 60 cm = 5×100+60 = 560 cm
3 m 20 cm = 3×100+20 = 320 cm
10 m 50 cm = 10×100+50 = 1050 cm
5 m = 5×100 = 500 cm
x= 600 cm = 6m
= 875 cm = 8 m 75 cm
10. A loaded truck travels 14 km in 25 minutes. If the speed remains the same, how far can
it travel in 5 hours?
Solution:
Let distance covered in 5 hours be x km.
1 hour = 60 minutes
x = 168
Solution:
(i) The number of workers and the time to complete the job is in inverse proportion
because less workers will take more time to complete a work and more workers will take less time to
complete the same work.
(ii) Time and distance covered in direct proportion.
(iii) It is a direct proportion because more are of cultivated land will yield more crops.
(iv) Time and speed are inverse proportion because if time is less, speed is more.
(v) It is a inverse proportion. If the population of a country increases, the area of land per person
decreases.
2. In a Television game show, the prize money of Rs.1,00,000 is to be divided equally amongst the
winners. Complete the following table and find whether the prize money given to an individual
winner is directly or inversely proportional to the number of winners:
Solution:
Here number of winners and prize money are in inverse proportion because winners are increasing,
prize money is decreasing.
When the number of winners are 4, each winner will get =100000/4 = Rs. 25,000
When the number of winners are 5, each winner will get =100000/5 = Rs. 20,000
When the number of winners are 8, each winner will get =100000/8 = Rs. 12,500
When the number of winners are 10, each winner will get = 100000/10 = Rs. 10,000
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
When the number of
winners are 20, each winner will get = 100000/20 = Rs. 5,000
3. Rehman is making a wheel using spokes. He wants to fix equal spokes in such a way that the
angles between any pair of consecutive spokes are equal. Help him by completing the following
table:
(i) Are the number of spokes and the angles formed between the pairs of consecutive spokes in
inverse proportion?
(ii) Calculate the angle between a pair of consecutive spokes on a wheel with 15 spokes.
(iii) How many spokes would be needed, if the angle between a pair of consecutive spokes is 40
degree ?
Solution:
Here the number of spokes are increasing and the angle between a pair of consecutive spokes is
decreasing. So, it is a inverse proportion and angle at the centre of a circle is 360 degree .
When the number of spokes is 8, then angle between a pair of consecutive spokes = 360/8 = 45 degree
When the number of spokes is 10, then angle between a pair of consecutive spokes= 360/10= 36 degree.
When the number of spokes is 12, then angle between a pair of consecutive spokes= 360/12 = 30
degree.
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
(i) Yes, the number of spokes and the angles formed between a pair of consecutive spokes is in inverse
proportion.
(ii) When the number of spokes is 15, then angle between a pair of consecutive spokes= 360/15= 24
degree.
(iii) The number of spokes would be needed = 360/40 = 9
4. If a box of sweets is divided among 24 children, they will get 5 sweets each. How many would
each get, if the number of the children is reduced by 4?
Solution:
5. A farmer has enough food to feed 20 animals in his cattle for 6 days. How long would the food
last if there were 10 more animals in his cattle?
Solution:
Let the number of days be x.
Total number of animals = 20+10 = 30
Here the number of animals and the number of days are in inverse proportion.
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
x=4
Hence the food will last for four days.
6. A contractor estimates that 3 persons could rewire Jasminder’s house in 4 days. If, he uses 4
persons instead of three, how long should they take to complete the job?
Solution:
Let time taken to complete the job be x.
Here the number of persons and the number of days are in inverse proportion.
¾ = x/4
3×4 = 4x
x = 3×4/4
x=3
7. A batch of bottles was packed in 25 boxes with 12 bottles in each box. If the same batch is
packed using 20 bottles in each box, how many boxes would be filled?
Solution:
Here the number of bottles and the number of boxes are in inverse proportion.
12/20 = x/25
12×25 = 20x
x = 12×25/20 = 15
8. A factory requires 42 machines to produce a given number of articles in 63 days. How many
machines would be required to produce the same number of articles in 54 days?
Solution:
Here the number of machines and the number of days are in inverse proportion.
63/54 = x/42
63×42 = 54x
x = 63×42/54
x= 49
9. A car takes 2 hours to reach a destination by travelling at the speed of 60 km/hr. How long will
it take when the car travels at the speed of 80 km/hr?
Solution :
60/80 = x/2
60×2 = 80x
x = 60×2/80
(i) One of the persons fell ill before the work started. How long would the job take now?
(ii) How many persons would be needed to fit the windows in one day?
Solution:
Here the number of persons and the number of days are in inverse proportion.
2/1 = x/3
6=x
Or x = 6 days
Here the number of persons and the number of days are in inverse proportion.
NCERT Solution For Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Direct and Inverse
Proportions
2/x = 1/3
6=x
Or x = 6 persons
11. A school has 8 periods a day each of 45 minutes duration. How long would each period be, if
the school has 9 periods a day, assuming the number of school hours to be the same?
Solution:
Here the number of periods and the duration of periods are in inverse proportion.
8/9 = x/45
8×45 = 9x
x = 40