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    19 Hybrid Vehicles PDF

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    SASWAT MISHRA
    A hybrid vehicle combines two or more power sources, such as a gasoline engine and electric motor. There are two main hybrid structures - parallel hybrids have both power sources able to power the transmission simultaneously, while series hybrids use the gasoline engine to power a generator which charges the batteries or powers the electric motor. Hybrids offer improved fuel efficiency and lower emissions compared to gas-only vehicles. Many major automakers now produce hybrid models, including Toyota, Honda, Ford and GM.

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    19 Hybrid Vehicles PDF

    Uploaded by

    SASWAT MISHRA
    68 views21 pages
    A hybrid vehicle combines two or more power sources, such as a gasoline engine and electric motor. There are two main hybrid structures - parallel hybrids have both power sources able to power the transmission simultaneously, while series hybrids use the gasoline engine to power a generator which charges the batteries or powers the electric motor. Hybrids offer improved fuel efficiency and lower emissions compared to gas-only vehicles. Many major automakers now produce hybrid models, including Toyota, Honda, Ford and GM.

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    A hybrid vehicle combines two or more power sources, such as a gasoline engine and electric motor. There are two main hybrid structures - parallel hybrids have both power sources able to power the transmission simultaneously, while series hybrids use the gasoline engine to power a generator which charges the batteries or powers the electric motor. Hybrids offer improved fuel efficiency and lower emissions compared to gas-only vehicles. Many major automakers now produce hybrid models, including Toyota, Honda, Ford and GM.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    68 views21 pages

    19 Hybrid Vehicles PDF

    Uploaded by

    SASWAT MISHRA
    A hybrid vehicle combines two or more power sources, such as a gasoline engine and electric motor. There are two main hybrid structures - parallel hybrids have both power sources able to power the transmission simultaneously, while series hybrids use the gasoline engine to power a generator which charges the batteries or powers the electric motor. Hybrids offer improved fuel efficiency and lower emissions compared to gas-only vehicles. Many major automakers now produce hybrid models, including Toyota, Honda, Ford and GM.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 21

    HYBRID VEHICLES

    1
    WHAT IS A HYBRID VEHICLE?

    Any vehicle which combines two or more


    sources of power.

    Examples:
    • Diesel – electric
    • Nuclear – electric
    • Gasoline - electric

    2
    Why hybrids?

    ◼ Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more


    economical than on the highway.
    ◼ Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
    ◼ Emissions are greatly decreased.
    ◼ Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
    ◼ Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as well.
    ◼ New materials can be implemented.

    3
    Barriers to fuel cell technology
    ◼ Availability
    ◼ Production, especially in the short run
    ◼ Reduction of harmful emissions?
    ◼ Expensive
    ◼ Infrastructure problems

    4
    Hybrid Structure

    The two power sources found in hybrid vehicles


    may be combined in different ways, either in
    parallel or series.

    Either one will allow the gasoline engine to shut


    down when it is not needed.

    5
    PARALLEL HYBRID

    1. Gasoline motor
    2. Batteries which powers an electric motor
    3. Both can power the transmission at the same time
    4. Electric motor supplements the gasoline engine
    6
    SERIES HYBRID
    • Gasoline motor turns a
    generator
    • Generator may either
    charge the batteries or
    power an electric motor
    that drives the
    transmission
    • At low speeds, it is
    powered only by the
    electric motor

    7
    High Voltage Electrical Systems
    • Power for the electric motor is supplied by
    high-voltage nickel-metal hydride battery
    • Batteries for all hybrids are produced by
    Panasonic EV Energy in Japan
    • Voltage ranges from 144 volts to 650 volts of
    DC current

    8
    High Voltage Electrical Systems
    • High voltage wiring may color coded orange,
    bright blue or even yellow

    • Batteries vary in design, however, all


    incorporate individual cells connected to one
    another

    9
    High Voltage Electrical Systems

    10
    BATTERIES
    • Individual cells originally contained liquid
    potassium hydroxide
    • The liquid is almost totally absorbed by the
    paper membranes inside each cell of the
    battery
    • Because the liquid is absorbed, these batteries
    are considered “dry cell” batteries

    11
    BATTERIES

    12
    Location of Batteries in Vehicles

    13
    Battery system of the Toyota Prius (2006); sealed NiMH, power output: 28 kW, voltage: 201.6 V. Expected life based
    on lab testing: 150,000 miles.

    14
    15
    16
    17
    High Voltage Electrical Systems

    18
    BATTERY RECHARGING
    • The Ni-MH batteries are recharged through a
    process call regenerative braking
    • Regenerative braking takes energy from the
    forward momentum of the vehicle and
    captures it while deceleration or braking.
    • Occasionally batteries are recharged by the
    electric motor

    19
    20
    WHO’S MAKING HYBRIDS NOW?
    • Lexus
    • Honda • RX 400h SUV
    • Accord • GS 450h
    • Civic • LS 600h L
    • Insight • Mercury
    • Toyota • Mariner SUV
    • Prius • Dodge
    • Camry • Ram – contractor’s edition
    • Highlander • General Motors
    • Ford • Silverado and Sierra
    • Escape • Malibu
    • Tahoe/Yukon
    • Mercedes- C, B- Class • Nissan
    • Mazda • Altima
    • Tribute • Versa
    • Saturn • BMW
    • Vue
    • Tesla
    21

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