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    Etiologic Factors

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    MARIA CHARMIN M. MEJIA
    Etiologic factors that can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include air pollution, secondhand smoke, chemicals, dust, fumes, and the genetic condition Alpha-1 deficiency. Signs and symptoms include smoking depressing scavenger cells and ciliary function, occupational and outdoor air pollution contributing to development. Medical management includes bronchodilators to relieve bronchospasm, corticosteroids for short-term improvement, and other medications like antibiotics and oxygen therapy. Nursing management focuses on assessing exposure risks, medical history, signs/symptoms, knowledge, and vital signs/breath sounds.

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    Etiologic Factors

    Uploaded by

    MARIA CHARMIN M. MEJIA
    31 views1 page
    Etiologic factors that can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include air pollution, secondhand smoke, chemicals, dust, fumes, and the genetic condition Alpha-1 deficiency. Signs and symptoms include smoking depressing scavenger cells and ciliary function, occupational and outdoor air pollution contributing to development. Medical management includes bronchodilators to relieve bronchospasm, corticosteroids for short-term improvement, and other medications like antibiotics and oxygen therapy. Nursing management focuses on assessing exposure risks, medical history, signs/symptoms, knowledge, and vital signs/breath sounds.

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    Etiologic factors that can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include air pollution, secondhand smoke, chemicals, dust, fumes, and the genetic condition Alpha-1 deficiency. Signs and symptoms include smoking depressing scavenger cells and ciliary function, occupational and outdoor air pollution contributing to development. Medical management includes bronchodilators to relieve bronchospasm, corticosteroids for short-term improvement, and other medications like antibiotics and oxygen therapy. Nursing management focuses on assessing exposure risks, medical history, signs/symptoms, knowledge, and vital signs/breath sounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views1 page

    Etiologic Factors

    Uploaded by

    MARIA CHARMIN M. MEJIA
    Etiologic factors that can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include air pollution, secondhand smoke, chemicals, dust, fumes, and the genetic condition Alpha-1 deficiency. Signs and symptoms include smoking depressing scavenger cells and ciliary function, occupational and outdoor air pollution contributing to development. Medical management includes bronchodilators to relieve bronchospasm, corticosteroids for short-term improvement, and other medications like antibiotics and oxygen therapy. Nursing management focuses on assessing exposure risks, medical history, signs/symptoms, knowledge, and vital signs/breath sounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Etiologic Factors:

    - Exposure to air pollution


    - Breathing secondhand smoke Medical Management:
    - Working with chemicals, dust and
    fumes - Bronchodilators. Bronchodilators relieve
    - A genetic condition called Alpha-1 bronchospasm by altering the smooth muscle
    deficiency tone and reduce airway obstruction by
    allowing increased oxygen distribution
    throughout the lungs and improving alveolar
    ventilation.
    - Corticosteroids. A short trial course of oral
    Signs and Symptoms: corticosteroids may be prescribed for patients
    to determine whether pulmonary function
     Smoking depresses the activity of
    improves and symptoms decrease.
    scavenger cells and affects the
    - Other medications. Other pharmacologic
    respiratory tract’s ciliary cleansing
    treatments that may be used in COPD include
    mechanism.
    alpha1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy,
     Occupational exposure. Prolonged antibiotic agents, mucolytic agents, antitussive
    and intense exposure to agents, vasodilators, and narcotics.
    occupational dust and chemicals,
    indoor air pollution, and outdoor air Management of Exacerbations
    pollution all contribute to the
    - Optimization of bronchodilator medications is
    development of COPD.
    first-line therapy and involves identifying the
     Genetic abnormalities. The well-
    best medications or combinations of
    documented genetic risk factor is a
    medications taken on a regular schedule for a
    deficiency of alpha1- antitrypsin, an
    specific patient.
    enzyme inhibitor that protects the
    - Hospitalization. Indications for hospitalization
    lung parenchyma from injury.
    for acute exacerbation of COPD include severe

    dyspnea that does not respond to initial
    therapy, confusion or lethargy, respiratory
    muscle fatigue, paradoxical chest wall
    movement, and peripheral edema.
    Nursing Management:
    - Oxygen therapy. Upon arrival of the patient in
     Assess patient’s exposure to risk the emergency room, supplemental oxygen
    factors. therapy is administered and rapid assessment
     Assess the patient’s past and present is performed to determine if the exacerbation
    medical history. is life-threatening.
     Assess the signs and symptoms of - Antibiotics. Antibiotics have been shown to be
    COPD and their severity. of some benefit to patients with increased
     Assess the patient’s knowledge of the dyspnea, increased sputum production, and
    disease. increased sputum purulence.
     Assess the patient’s vital signs.
     Assess breath sounds and pattern.

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