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    Rock Mass Classification: Prof. Islavath Sreenivasa Rao

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    PraphulJain
    This document discusses rock mass classification systems including intact rock properties, rock mass properties, and classification methods such as the Rock Structure Rating, Coal Mine Roof Rating, and thickness weighted average roof rating. It provides tables of intact rock and rock mass properties, explains different classification parameters and how they are rated, and gives an example of an underground data sheet for coal mine roof rating calculations. Rating values are used to determine rock mass quality and design appropriate ground support systems.

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    Rock Mass Classification: Prof. Islavath Sreenivasa Rao

    Uploaded by

    PraphulJain
    41 views31 pages
    This document discusses rock mass classification systems including intact rock properties, rock mass properties, and classification methods such as the Rock Structure Rating, Coal Mine Roof Rating, and thickness weighted average roof rating. It provides tables of intact rock and rock mass properties, explains different classification parameters and how they are rated, and gives an example of an underground data sheet for coal mine roof rating calculations. Rating values are used to determine rock mass quality and design appropriate ground support systems.

    Original Title

    Ground Control Lecture 4

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    This document discusses rock mass classification systems including intact rock properties, rock mass properties, and classification methods such as the Rock Structure Rating, Coal Mine Roof Rating, and thickness weighted average roof rating. It provides tables of intact rock and rock mass properties, explains different classification parameters and how they are rated, and gives an example of an underground data sheet for coal mine roof rating calculations. Rating values are used to determine rock mass quality and design appropriate ground support systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views31 pages

    Rock Mass Classification: Prof. Islavath Sreenivasa Rao

    Uploaded by

    PraphulJain
    This document discusses rock mass classification systems including intact rock properties, rock mass properties, and classification methods such as the Rock Structure Rating, Coal Mine Roof Rating, and thickness weighted average roof rating. It provides tables of intact rock and rock mass properties, explains different classification parameters and how they are rated, and gives an example of an underground data sheet for coal mine roof rating calculations. Rating values are used to determine rock mass quality and design appropriate ground support systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 31

    Rock Mass Classification

    Prof. Islavath Sreenivasa Rao


    Department of Mining Engineering
    Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
    West Bengal - 721302
    Rock mass and Intact Rock
    Table1 INTACT ROCK PROPERTIES
    Rock strata Compressive Geological Modulus of Disturbance Hoek-Brown
    strength Strength Elasticity Factor parameter
     ci ( MPa) Index Ei (GPa) D mi
    GSI

    Clay 17.5 50 4 0 7
    Coal 28 50 5 0 7
    Sandstone 35 60 9.87 0 10

      mb  
    a 1

      mb  4s  a(mb  8s)    s   Eq.1  3max


     4    3n  (e)
     cm   ci  (a)  ci
     2 1  a  2  a  
     
     
     1 D 2 
    Ecm  Ei  0.02   60 15 D GSI  11  (f)
     1 e 
     6amb  s  mb 3n  
    a 1

    m  sin 1  
     2 1  a  2  a   6amb  s  mb 3n 
    a 1
     (b)
     GSI  100 
    mb  mi exp   (g)
     28  14 D 
     3max  0.47 cm 0.06 insitu 0.94 (c)
     GSI  100  (h)
    s  exp  
     ci 1  2a  s  1  a  mb 3n   s  mb 3n 
    a 1
     9  3D 
    Cm 
    6amb  s  mb 3n 
    a 1

    1  a  2  a  1 (d)
     e 
    1 1 GSI /15 20/3
    1  a  2  a  a
    2 6
    e
    (i)
    ROCK MASS PROPERTIES
    Rock strata Compressive Modulus of Cohesion, C Angle of
    strength Elasticity (Mpa) internal
     ( MPa) (GPa) friction, 
    cm

    Clay 2.582 1.278 0.811 27

    Coal 4.13 1.535 1.00 31

    Sandstone 7.643 5.132 1.461 38


    Rock Structure Rating
    Wickham et al., 1972 has proposed this method for describing quality of rock
    mass and for selection of appropriate support system based on RSR
    Rock Structure Rating
    Parameter A: General area geology
    Rock Structure Rating
    Parameter B: Joint Pattern and drive direction
    Rock Structure Rating
    Parameter C: Ground water and Joint condition
    Support estimates based on RSR
    CMRR
    • It is specially designated for bedded coal measure rock
    by summing up the various individual rating of
    different parameters (from 0 to 100).
    • RMR,GSI and Q systems have following limitations:
    • They focus on joint properties, but in case of coal mine
    roof, bedding is only most significant discontinuity
    effecting roof stability.
    • They are just one rock unit at a time, while coal mine
    roof often consists of several layers.
    • The dimensions and stability of tunnels are different
    from coal mines.
    CMRR
    Rating of UCS and PLT

    UCS(Mpa) <= 35.5 35.5<UCS<149 >149

    Rating 5+(0.125UCS) 7+(0.157UCS) 30

    PLT <=0.24 0.24<PLT<1.2 1.2<PLT<=2.2 >2.2


    Rating 25 209.9PLT+20 15.1PLT+27.5 60
    Bedding/discontinuity intensity rating
    for UG data
    Persistence Spacing (mm)
    (m)
    >1800 600-1800 200-600 60-200 <60

    0-1 35 30 24 17 9

    1-3 32 27 21 15 9

    >3 30 25 20 13 9

    Discontinuity spacing ratio

    DSR=5.64 ln (L) + 5.8 if FS > 300 mm

    DSR=10.5 ln (RQD)-11.6

    where, L is number of discontinuity per metre representing fractured spacing


    Underground data sheet for CMRR
    Bedding/Discontinuity Shear Strength
    Rating
    Roughness Cohesion

    Strong Moderate Weak Slickensided

    Jagged 35 29 24 10

    Wavy 35 27 20 10

    Planar 35 25 16 10
    Data sheet for immersion test
    Moisture sensitivity classes and rating

    Moisture sensitivity Rating adjustment Immersion index Slake durability


    class index
    Not sensitive 0 0-1 100-98

    Slightly sensitive -3 2-4 98-92

    Moderately -7 5-9 92-80


    sensitive
    Severely sensitive -15 >9 <80
    Roof rock quality

    CMRR <45 45-65 >65

    Rock quality Weak roof Moderate roof Strong roof

    If CMRR value is 30 would mean poor, requires additional support


    immediately after mine opening.

    CMRR value of 70 would significantly a competent roof which may sustain


    overburden load
    Thickness weighted Average Roof
    Rating & Strong bed adjustment

    RRW={(tsxrs)+(ts-sxrs-s)+(tb-(ts+ts-s)xrss}/(tb)

    SBAJ:
    {(0.72xSBDxTHSB)-2.5}x{1-(0.33(THWR-0.5))}
    Stresses around opening
    Influence zone
    Influence zone
    Influence zone
    Stresses on the boundary
    Behavior of roof and sidewalls

    8
    Roof
    6 Tension
    0<k<=0.333; in roof or crest
    σƟƟ/p
    4
    K>=3; in sidewall
    Sidewall
    2

    1 2 3 4
    Compression
    Tension k Tension
    Problem No.1
    • A circular horizontal N-S tunnel of 2 m radius
    will be constructed at a 560 m depth. The
    vertical stress gradient is found to be 0.025
    Mpa/m. The horizontal stresses in north and
    east directions are SN=13 Mpa and SE=14 Mpa.
    Estimate radial and tangential stresses for
    theta =0 and 90 degrees.

    Z 560 m

    N
    E
    Problem No.2
    • At a depth of 750 m, a 10 m dia circular tunnel
    is driven in rock having a unit weight of 26
    kN/m3 and uni-axial compressive and tensile
    strengths of 80 MPa and 3.0 Mpa respectively.
    Will the strength of the rock on the boundary
    be exceeded if: k=0.3; k=2?
    Problem No.3
    • A company is planning to excavate a km long
    horizontal tunnel of 6 m dia at 500 m from ground
    surface. The average unit weight of rock is 26 kN/m3.
    From insitu stress measurement, it is found that the
    direction of major horizontal stress is conciding with
    the tunnel axis with magnitude of 30 Mpa whereas the
    minor horizontal stress oriented along the E axis with
    magnitude 15 Mpa. Determine the stresses around the
    boundary.

    Z 500 m

    N
    E
    Problem No.4
    • A tunnel radius a is constructed in hydrostatic
    stress field. Show that the tangential stress
    will be twice the radial stress at r= sqrt (3)
    Problem No.5
    • A circular tunnel of radius a is constructed in
    prevailing far field stress of Sv and horizontal
    stress Sh. Tangential stress at point B is twice
    than that of at point A. Determine the value of
    stress field.

    A
    THANK YOU

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