Comprehensive Land Use Plan

Municipality of Naujan
Volume I - Situational Analysis

4.0 THE LOCAL ECONOMY

4.1 Key Concerns

Naujan is a town very rich in natural and human resources. To sustain its
economic growth and development, however, several problems need to be
addressed. These include:

Lack of Capital

The lack of capital to engage in economic activities has been identified as one of
the primary concerns of the Naujeños. Although micro-credit is available to
farmers who are cooperative members, most find it difficult to avail of the
services of financial lending institutions due to the requirements (e.g. collateral)
they have to comply with. This situation forces farmers to borrow from usurers
and capitalists who charge higher interest rates.

Market for Agricultural Products

Agricultural produce is normally brought to Batangas and to the local market in

Calapan City. Despite the seemingly large market, farmers have raised a
marketing problem, more specifically in the selling price of their produce. In
actual practice, the farmers are no longer able to bring their products to the
market because of the presence of middlemen. These middlemen are usually
the usurers who offer credit in return for a portion of the harvest and the
assurance of being able to buy the farmers’ yield at their asking price. In this
set-up, the farmers are unable to sell their produce at higher and more
competitive prices, thus compromising their income.

Low Crop Productivity

Unfavorable weather conditions and irregular irrigation services have contributed

to minimal crop productivity in recent years. Flooding has continued to
beleaguer a number of barangays which, in many instances, led to the
destruction of crops.

Irrigation services offered by the National Irrigation Authority (NIA) have been
inconsistent, with most of the farmers complaining of too much water during the
wet season and no water during the dry months. Some areas are not serviced
by any form of irrigation, which prompts farmers to install private irrigation
pumps, further increasing production costs.

Inadequate Technical Know-How on Farming

Farmers themselves have revealed that a considerable number of them just

follow the practices of others due to inadequate farming knowledge. They have
expressed the need for training programs to better equip them with appropriate
farming technology. Farmers have also observed the lack of technical support
from the Department of Agriculture (DA) in terms of regular visits from the
municipal agriculture technicians.

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Stagnant Commercial Growth

Commercial activities are limited mostly to personal and community services and
have not achieved remarkable growth in the last five years. This is due to little
investments being put in commercial businesses which, in turn, could be
attributed to a low consumer demand (implying a low purchasing power).
Further to this, the growth of the market has been very limited due to the
tendency of people to go to Calapan City for their needs.

Slow Tourism Development

Although there are several potential tourist sites within Naujan, tourism
development has not been fully explored. Rough access roads and difficult
transport have limited the tourist market to local visitors. Further, most
destinations lack the necessary facilities to encourage recreation. The municipal
government has initiated the promotion of tourism. However, this has to further
be strengthened and its scope widened to expand tourism development.

4.2 Economic Activities

Based on the latest data of 1996, the total labor force, or those between ages
15 to 64, reached some 39,700 persons or 52.5 percent of the population. The
participation rate was 55.34 percent or 21,999. This figure corresponds to those
who were employed (19,975 or 90.8%) and those who were actively searching
for employment (2,024 or 9.2%). The jobs were primarily agriculture-related
(94.5%). On the other hand, industry and service employment only accounted
for 1.7 and 3.8 percent of the total employment, respectively.

Table 4.1 Naujan Employment Status, 1996

Number of People Rate (%)
Labor Force 39,753 52.50
Participation 21,999 55.34
Unemployment 2,024 9.20
Employment 19,975 90.80
Agriculture 18,870 94.47
Industry 350 1.75
Service 755 3.78
Source: Naujan Comprehensive Development Plan, 1997

In projecting the employment status of the municipality for the next 10 years, the
trend of economic shifts is approximated and set as basis for assumptions. On
the premise that the municipality shall embark on a massive build up of
economic activities, a proportionately increasing employment rate which is
targeted to reach 100 percent by 2010 was assumed. Moreover, the
diversification of these economic ventures is assumed to shift the large
agriculture-related employment to industry and service-based employment. For
2002, 2005 and 2010, the rates of industry-related employment were marked at
a steady increase of 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 percent for the respective years. It is
further assumed that for every industrial job generated, three service-related
employment are created. Table 4.2 shows the estimated employment
characteristics within the plan horizon.

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Municipality of Naujan
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Table 4.2 Employment Indicators Projection, 2001-2010

2000 2002 2005 2010
Labor Force 43,822 45,565 48,309 53,254
Participation 24,251 25,215 26,734 29,470
Unemployment 2,231 1,261 535 -
Employment 22,020 23,954 26,199 29,470
Agriculture 20,802 22,038 20,959 17,682
Industry 385.35 479 1,310 2,947
Service 832 1,437 3,930 8,841
Source: Author’s Computation

4.2.1 Agriculture and Fisheries

Agricultural Land
As of 2000, 67.97 percent (35,893 hectares) of Naujan's total area of about
52,804.15 hectares is agricultural of which 29,009.00 hectares were cultivated.
About 25.77 percent of these agricultural lands were devoted to rice farming
(refer to Table 4.3).
Table 4.3 Area Devoted to Agriculture, 2000
Percentage Devoted to
Category Area (Hectares)
Agriculture
Total Land Area 52,804.15 100.00
Agriculture Area 35,893.49 67.97
Cultivated Agricultural Land 29,009.00 54.94
Rice
Irrigated 8,500.00 16.10
Rainfed 5,095.00 9.65
Upland 15.00 0.03
Corn 800.00 1.52
Coconut 4,085.00 7.74
Citrus 2,300.00 4.36
Vegetable 0.00
Leafy 50.00 0.09
Fruit Vegetable 200.00 0.38
Fruit Trees 1,200.00 2.27
Root Crops 600.00 1.14
Banana 5,674.00 10.75
Coffee/ Cacao 400.00 0.76
Black pepper 80.00 0.15
Pineapple 10.00 0.02
Source: Municipal Agriculturist Office

Grains Production

 Rice

Naujan remains as the province’s top producer of rice with a total production of
52,845.19 metric tons in 1999. The municipality accounted for 54.9 percent of
the total produce of Oriental Mindoro. The total area devoted to rice production
is declining as shown in Table 4.4. From 16, 808 hectares in 1996 it dramatically
dropped by 18 percent to 13,781 hectares in 1999. A slight decrease also
occurred in 2000 by approximately five percent.

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Municipality of Naujan
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Table 4.4 Rice Production, 1991-2000

Year Land Utilization (hectares) Production (cavans)
1991 15,557 847,660
1992 15,557 952,070
1993 15,577 751,980
1994 12,993 797,876
1995 16,808 1,078,260
1996 16,808 994,290
1999 13,7811 1,105,4602
2000 13,0373 1,045,5674
Source: Naujan MAO, 1996
Notes:
1
Provincial Planning and Development Office, 1999
2
Derived at an average of 4.01 MT/ha/season
3
Municipal Agriculturist’s Office
4
Derived at an average of 4.01 MT/ha/season

The 1999 provincial rice production data showed that the average productivity
for irrigated areas was 4.23 MT/ha and 3.79 MT/ha for rainfed areas. As of
2000, the total area devoted to irrigated rice farming was 7,850 hectares and
5,187 hectares for rainfed rice farming. A large portion was also devoted to
upland rice farming with an area of 2,090 hectares and an average production of
35 cavans/ha.

 Corn

Corn production in 1999 reached a total of 739.10 MT. The total planted area
was 800 hectares. Yellow corn production had an average yield of 3.55 MT/ha
while white corn production was a dismal 1.82 MT/ha.

Industrial Crops

 Coconut

The primary industrial crops being produced in Naujan are coconut, coffee and
cacao. The total area devoted to coconut production is 4,085 hectares. There
are eight major coconut producing barangays (with 100 or more hectares
planted to coconut), Montemayor, Masaguing, Montelago, Melgar B, Herrera,
Melgar A, Concepcion, Antipolo, and Bayani. The total area covered by these
barangays already represents 87 percent of the total coconut area.

 Coffee

This commodity has regained its popularity among farmers because of growing
domestic and international demand as well as relatively higher farmgate prices
in the recent years. The total area devoted to the growing of coffee in 2000 was
400 hectares.

 Black Pepper

A significant area of around 80 hectares is devoted to the production of this high

value crop. This crop is widely grown in the barangays of Masagana, Aurora,
Mulawin, Panikian, and Arangin.

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Other Permanent Crops

 Calamansi

Naujan is a major calamansi-producing town with an area of 2,300 hectares

covering 25 barangays. Seven barangays are classified as major producers and
where 80 percent of banana areas are concentrated. Each of these barangay
had planted areas ranging from 80 to 180 hectares. These barangays are
Arangin, Montelago, Mulawin, Masagan, Montemayor, Aurora, and Del Pilar.
The average yield is 10 MT/ha/yr. Gross annual production is estimated at
11,200 MT/yr.

 Banana

The total area devoted to banana production was 5,674 hectares in 2000. Of
the 32 banana producing barangays, 10 were major producers with 50 or more
hectares planted to the crop. These were Montemayor, Masaguing, Herrera,
Melgar A, Melgar B, Concepcion, Bayani, Masagana, San Andres, and Malvar.
The average yield was 20 MT/ha/year. The yearly gross production estimate
was at 24,000 MT.

 Rambutan and Lanzones

These two fruit crops are among the top favorite fruits in the country. Mindoro
produces a significant volume of these crops which contributes to a significant
volume to the total production in the Southern Tagalog region. In 1999, the total
area devoted to rambutan was 255 hectares and 158 hectares for lanzones.

 Other Fruits

The aggregate production of other permanent crops in 1999 was 2,405.53 MT.
Mango production accounted for 887.22 MT. Other fruit products included
papaya, pineapple, guava, avocado, jackfruit, starapple, santol, guyabano,
chico, tiesa and pomelo.

Temporary Crops

 Vegetables

In 1999, vegetable farming for 2.05 hectares produced a yield of 297.41 MT.
Details are shown in Table 4.5.

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Municipality of Naujan
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Table 4.5 Vegetable Production

Vegetable Land Utilization (Hectares) Production (MT)
Pechay 0.090 6.84
Squash 0.101 83.58
Tomato 0.063 12.52
Sweet Pepper 0.120 3.44
Ampalaya 0.121 44.04
Sayote - 0.50
Eggplant 0.745 77.15
Kadios 0.010 1.30
White Beans 0.130 3.50
Baguio Beans 0.001 0.25
Mungo 0.653 56.79
Peanut 0.020 7.50
Total 2.054 297.41
Source: Naujan MAO, 1999

 Rootcrops

A total of 627.59 MT of rootcrops such as cassava, camote, ube, beansprouts

and gabi were harvested in 1999. These were planted in a total area of about
600 hectares.

Livestock

There was a sharp decline in the population of large ruminants in 2000.

Carabao inventory decreased by 19 percent while a bigger drop was recorded
for cattle at 47 percent. For small ruminants, swine stocks also decreased by 44
percent. Goat population however, increased by 17 percent (refer to Table 4.6).
The major carabao producing barangays were Santiago and Bacungan while
the major cattle producing barangays were Buhangin, Arangin, and Evangelista.

Table 4.6 Livestock Population (No. of Heads), 1991-2000

Year Carabao Cattle Swine Sheep/ Goat Horse Total
1991 5,613 5,115 9,522 2,338 13 22,601
1992 6,174 5,303 10,003 2,507 13 24,000
1993 6,359 5,409 10,150 2,557 13 24,488
1994 6,431 5,435 10,280 2,609 14 24,769
1995 6,758 5,535 10,350 2,637 14 25,294
1996 6,811 5,679 10,474 2,716 14 25,694
1999 4,957 5,847 12,504 1,703 5 25,016
2000 4,000 3,100 7,000 2,000 15 16,115
Source: Naujan MAO

Poultry

Remarkable declines have been observed for both chicken production in 1999
and duck production in 1994 (refer to Table 4.7). These may be attributed to the
disastrous weather conditions during these years as well as the conversion of
certain lands to non-agricultural purposes. In some cases, these led to the
closure of the operations of some poultry growers. The major poultry producing
barangays were Gamao and Malaya.

The total poultry population in 2000 reached 85,000 heads, 88 percent of which
were chicken and 12 percent were ducks. Chicken population was observed to
decline by 8.7 percent while the reverse happened to duck inventory which
increased by 15 percent.

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Table 4.7 Poultry Population (No. of Heads), 1991-1999

Year Chicken Ducks Sub-total
1991 161,895 23,380 185,275
1992 165,132 23,847 188,979
1993 170.442 14,308 184,750
1994 174,163 6,753 180,916
1995 180,577 7,500 188,077
1996 199,143 5,650 204,793
1999 82,168 8,733 90,901
Source: Naujan MAO, 1999

Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

 Marine Fisheries

The Municipal Agriculturist’s Office reported 10 coastal barangays as Naujan’s

major fishing grounds from 1999 to 2000. These were San Antonio, Estrella,
Sta. Cruz, San Jose 1, Melgar A, Melgar B, Montemayor, Masaguing, Herrera
and Nag-Iba 1.

The major commercial species of fish caught in these locations were

tulingan/tuna, tanigue, lapu-lapu, alumahan, galunggong, pusit, puguita, bisugo,
don pilas, manitis, torcillo and kitang. The minor sea products were halaan,
baroy, tahong, talaba, and agar-agar. The number of licensed fishermen
registered in 2000 was 150.

Annual outputs from commercial fishing indicate an increasing volume of fish

caught from 330 MT in 1996 to 600 MT in 1999. Outputs from non-motorized
fishing also showed a steady increase from 25 MT/yr to 52 MT/yr from 1996 to
1999 or an average of 32 percent yearly growth.

 Inland Fisheries

Brackish water fishponds numbered about 368 hectares in 1999. Over the last
three years, fishpond expansion averaged 23 percent per annum from 200
hectares in 1996 to 368 hectares in 1999. There were about 50 fishpond
operators reporting yields of 1.2 MT/ha/yr of harvest. Intensive culture systems
varied from monoculture of bangus to polyculture (bangus, sugpo, crabs).

Fresh water fishpond operation, on the other hand, showed a larger expansion
rate of 38 percent per annum from eight hectares in 1996 to 20.5 hectares in
1999. There were about 108 fishpond operators with an average pond holding
of less than 2,000 square meters. Average yield from semi-intensive culture
was 2.8 MT/ha/yr. Fishpond owners practiced tilapia monoculture as well as
polyculture of hito, dalag, and tilapia.

Agricultural Facilities and Services

 Irrigation Facilities

There was a total of 8,187 hectares of irrigated agricultural lands in Naujan in

1999. District 2 has the largest irrigated area while the Poblacion and Districts 4
and 8 are largely non-irrigated. Table 4.8 details the types of irrigation.

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Table 4.8 Rural Irrigation Systems, 1999

Type of Irrigation Number Service Area (has.)
Communal Irrigation - 858.00
SWIP 13 260.00
SFR Projects 35 1,225.00
STW Irrigation Projects 877 4,385.00
NIA - 1,459.00
Total 8,187.00
Source : Naujan MAO, 1999

 Fishery Facilities

There are about 12 registered commercial fishing vessels (with gross tonnage of
3 tons) operating in Naujan – five are purse seiners and seven are pandamulag.
Municipal fishing vessels with gross tonnage of less than three tons number
about 703, of which 590 are motorized and 113 are non-motorized.

Six fish port facilities are available in barangays Sta. Cruz, Estrella, Melgar A,
Melgar B, Herrera and San Antonio. Likewise, multi-purpose ports (for fishery,
cargo and passengers) are also present in Barangays Melgar A, Sta. Cruz,
Estrella, Herrera, Masaguing, and Montemayor.

Freshwater hatchery facilities covering an aggregate area of four hectares are

available to supply the fingerlings requirement of freshwater fishpond operators.
Two are located in barangay San Agustin 2 and one each in barangays
Kalinisan, Sto. Niño, and Barcenaga.

Currently, Naujan has no operational cold storage facility.

 Production and Post-harvest Facilities

In 1999, there was an inventory of 858 hand tractors, 629 rice threshers, 12 corn
shellers, 202 solar dryers, and 106 rice mills.

Development Needs

Using the standards recommended by the Food and Nutrition Resource Council,
the following Table 4.9 shows the projected annual dietary food requirement.
These basic food requirements should at least be attained to ensure food
security of the municipality.

The animal requirement to supply the population’s projected dietary needs is

shown in Table 4.10.

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Municipality of Naujan
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Table 4.9 Projected Municipal Dietary/ Food Requirement

Per Capita
Food Items 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Food Req't
Milled Rice 109.20 9,295,229 9,478,192 9,664,756 9,854,992 10,048,973 10,246,773 10,448,465 10,654,128 10,863,839 11,077,677
Root Crops 60.59 5,157,490 5,259,008 5,362,523 5,468,077 5,575,708 5,685,457 5,797,367 5,911,480 6,027,839 6,146,488
Vegetables 54.75 4,660,382 4,752,115 4,845,654 4,941,033 5,038,290 5,137,462 5,238,585 5,341,699 5,446,842 5,554,055
Fruits 76.65 6,524,535 6,652,961 6,783,915 6,917,447 7,053,606 7,192,446 7,334,019 7,478,378 7,625,579 7,775,677
Meat
33.13 2,820,063 2,875,572 2,932,174 2,989,889 3,048,741 3,108,751 3,169,942 3,232,338 3,295,961 3,360,837
Products
Eggs 3.98 338,782 345,451 352,250 359,184 366,254 373,463 380,814 388,310 395,953 403,747
Milk/ Milk
24.42 2,078,658 2,119,574 2,161,294 2,203,836 2,247,215 2,291,449 2,336,552 2,382,544 2,429,441 2,477,261
Products
Sugar 30.66 2,609,814 2,661,185 2,713,566 2,766,979 2,821,443 2,876,978 2,933,608 2,991,351 3,050,232 3,110,271
Fish 30.66 2,609,814 2,661,185 2,713,566 2,766,979 2,821,443 2,876,978 2,933,608 2,991,351 3,050,232 3,110,271
Source: Author’s Computation

Table 4.10 Animal Requirement

Supply
Current Contribution
Meat Products 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Stock Per Head
(kgs.)
Carabao 4,957 19 11,251 11,402 11,556 11,712 11,870 12,031 12,193 12,358 12,525 12,694
Cattle 5,847 29 13,271 13,450 13,631 13,815 14,002 14,191 14,382 14,577 14,773 14,973
Swine 12,504 70 28,379 28,763 29,151 29,544 29,943 30,347 30,757 31,172 31,593 32,020
Goat 1,703 8 3,865 3,917 3,970 4,024 4,078 4,133 4,189 4,246 4,303 4,361
Chicken/Ducks 90,901 1 206,311 209,096 211,919 214,780 217,680 220,618 223,597 226,615 229,675 232,775
Eggs 10,000 none 12,319 12,562 12,809 13,061 13,318 13,580 13,848 14,120 14,398 14,682
Milk/Milk Products none none 18,559 18,925 19,297 19,677 20,064 20,459 20,862 21,273 21,691 22,118
Source: Author’s Computation

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The supply contribution per animal or poultry species and the animal
requirement computation shows whether food (meat/meat products)
requirements in terms of number of heads is less or greater than the current
animal stock. It is based on the parameters and indicators in Table 4.11 which
show the animal supply and requirement for year 2000.

Table 4.11 2000 Animal Supply and Requirement

Average No. of Animals
Ave. Animal kgs. to Meet Yr.
Extraction Dressing Supply %Supply
Species Body Population Supply 2000 Food
Rate Percentage (kgs.) Contrib'n
Weight 1999 Per Head Req't
of Animal (No. of Heads)
Carabao 10% 400 48% 4,957 95,174 7.71% 19.20 11,101
Cattle 16% 375 48% 5,847 168,394 13.64% 28.80 13,094
Swine 120% 90 65% 12,504 877,781 71.08% 70.20 28,001
Goat 30% 40 65% 1,703 13,283 1.08% 7.80 3,814
Chicken 100% 1.3 68% 90,901 80,356 6.51% 0.88 203,563
Total 115,912 1,234,989 100.00% 10.47 259,573
Source: Author’s Computation

The egg production estimate is based on a current layer inventory of 10,000

heads yielding 220 eggs per layer (commercial type) per year, eight eggs per
kilogram. The floor space requirement is one square foot per bird. The result
shows that the eggs requirement of the municipality can already be supplied by
the existing population of native chicken and ducks.
Milk and milk products are expressed in terms of number of heads of
cows/carabaos. It is estimated that 200 liters of milk is produced by every
lactating cow/carabao per year based on an 80 percent conception rate. Twenty
percent of this milk is fed to calves while the rest are processed.

The area requirement for agricultural development to meet the food requirement
is likewise derived. The bases of the computations are the existing supply and
the actual and assumed yield per hectare. For instance, in terms of rice, the
average yield of the municipality is 4.23 tons/ha for irrigated areas and its 3.79
MT/ha for rainfed areas were used for the purpose of estimates.

In terms of computations for rootcrops, vegetables, and fruit area requirement,

existing produce of the municipality were used, For example, selected root crops
were cassava, camote, ubi, beansprouts and gabi. On the other hand, selected
vegetables were pechay, squash, tomato, sweet pepper, amplaya, sayote,
kadios, white beans, baguio beans, mongo and peanut. Banana, citrus,
rambutan, lanzones, and mango were considered for fruits area. An average
yield of eight metric tons per hectare yield was used in projecting the area
requirement for rootcrops, vegetables and fruits.

An average production of 80 tons of cane per hectare with a PS/TC of 1.50

=120 piculs sugar or 152 kgs bags sugar (63.33 kgs/picul) were used to
estimate land requirements for sugarcane.

Area estimate derived for fish requirements are deemed as new fishpond area. It
is assumed that at the rate of one ton fish per hectare, 1,388.5 metric ton per
year would be provided from existing marine fishing establishments (commercial
and municipal) and fishponds (brackish- and freshwater).

Table 4.1 shows the area requirement per food item in hectares.

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Table 4.12 Area Requirement per Food Item in Hectares

Current Average
Food Items Hectarage Yield 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
(hectares) (kgs.)
Rice 13,610.00 4.01 5,827 5,942 6,059 6,178 6,300 6,424 6,550 6,679 6,810 6,944
Root Crops 600 1.05 4,912 5,009 5,107 5,208 5,310 5,415 5,521 5,630 5,741 5,854
Vegetables 250 5 311 317 323 329 336 342 349 356 363 370
Fruits 6,884.00 8 816 832 848 865 882 899 917 935 953 972
Sugar none none 343 350 357 364 371 379 386 394 401 409
Fish (2000) 1,388.50 1.75 1,206 1,235 1,265 1,295 1,327 1,358 1,391 1,424 1,457 1,492
Source: Author’s Computation

The food balance sheet of the municipality with respect to rice, which is its
primary agricultural produce, shows that there is more than enough rice for the
population provided that production is maintained at its current level. An average
80 percent of the annual rice production of the municipality is already surplus
and could be traded or sold to other markets.

Table 4.13 Projected Rice Production Surplus

Projected Rice
Projected Rice Requirement of Rice Production Surplus
Year
Production (Cavans) Municipality (Cavans)
(Cavans)
2000 1,045,567 207,025 838,542
2002 1,115,951 215,257 900,695
2005 1,171,189 228,220 942,969
2010 1,263,251 230,060 1,033,191
Source: Author's Computations

4.2.2 Commercial Establishments

Based on the 1997 Investment Survey, there were 577 commercial

establishments that employed a total of 755 people (refer to Table 4.14). The
number of these commercial establishments increased to 795 in 2000 exhibiting
a remarkable increase of 38 percent for a period of three years. However, the
number of persons employed decreased from 755 to 668. This may be due to
undeclared or informally employed persons working in small-scale commercial
establishments such as sari-sari stores.

Table 4.14 Commercial Establishments and Employment Generation

1997* 2000**
By Type No. of No. of
No. of No. of
Persons Persons
Establishments Establishments
Employed Employed
Sari-sari Store 443 551 508 296
General Merchandise 29 36 19 19
Food Service 35 63 47 21
Dealer/Trader 46 66 126 137
Credit Institution 1 7 12 35
Memorial Park/Funeral Parlor 2 5 3 8
Tailoring/Dress Shop 7 9 7 8
Health Service/ Security Service 4 5 5 18
Amusement - - 15 15
Food Processing - - 19 -
Bakery - - 16 29
Cooperative - - 12 62
Beach Resort - - 3 6
Communication/ Transportation Service 5 8 3 14
Others 5 5 - -
Total 577 755 795 668
Sources: *1997 MPDO Investment Survey, **Permits and Licenses Division

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Development Needs

The development of the trade and commerce sector calls for the creation of an
active business atmosphere. This could be done through the following:

 Development of catalytic government-initiated commercial developments in

strategic locations within the municipality;
 Encouragement of private investors’ participation by providing appropriate
business incentives; and
 Improvement of local infrastructure.

4.2.3 Industry

The total number of industrial establishments in 1996 registered 190, almost 46

percent of which were rice mills (refer to Table 4.15). The number of these rice
mills increased to 103 in 2000. The dominance of processing mills and the
number of industrial establishments clearly indicate the primary focus of
Naujan’s economy. The significant decrease in the number of industrial
establishments engaged in livestock and poultry may be due to the inclusion of
backyard industries in the 1996 survey.

Table 4.15 Industrial Establishments

1996* 2000**
By Type No. of No. of No. of No. of
Establishments Employees Establishments Employees
Processing (rice mills) 82 nda 103 121
Livestock/Poultry Raising 54 nda 16 30
Cottage Industry 16 nda - -
Construction and construction-related 13 nda 14 28
Welding/Auto-related/
24 nda 20 17
Ironworks
Ice Plant 1 nda - -
Total 190 - 153 196
Source: *1997 Naujan CDP, **Permits and Licenses Division
Note: NDA- No Data Available

Development Needs

The industrial development of Naujan should capitalize on its primarily

agriculture-based economy. In light of this, industry development should
espouse processing of products demanded by the local and foreign markets.
However, to be able to mobilize this type of industrial development, the need to
provide impetus support infrastructure should be prioritized. These include,
among others, development of farm to market roads and post-harvest facilities.

Appropriate land for industrial development is likewise needed. Based on

HLURB Sectoral Planning Guideline for Industry, the following are the indicative
land area requirements for light, medium and heavy industries.

Table 4.16 Industrial Land Requirements, 2000-2010

Hectare per 1000
Industry Type 2000 2002 2005 2010
persons
Light 0.8 66.78 69.44 73.62 81.16
Medium 2.5 208.70 216.99 230.06 253.61
Heavy 4.0 333.91 347.19 368.09 405.78
Source: Author's Computations

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4.2.4 Tourism

The Provincial Physical Framework Plan (PPFP) of Oriental Mindoro has

identified Naujan as ideal for eco-tourism development. Furthermore, the 1997
Regional Tourism Master Plan for Southern Tagalog recommended the
development of various tourist attractions in Naujan in the medium-term. These
include Naujan Lake, Naujan Bird Sanctuary, Baluarte in Lumang Bayan,
Simbahang Bato, Banilad Beach, and Bongol Beach. This is a clear indication of
the strong tourism potential of Naujan. Table 4.17 shows a list of the
municipality's tourist destinations, their location, modes of access and distance
from the Poblacion. There is however no data available on visitor arrival. Figure
5.1 in the succeeding section shows the locations of these tourist destinations.

Table 4.17 Local Tourist Destinations

Distance From the
Tourist Spots Location Mode of Access
Town Proper (km)
Beach/ Resorts
Estrella-Lagarian Beach Sta. Cruz Jeepney/ Tricycle 2
Hafa Adai Beach Resort Estrella Jeepney/Tricycle 2
RGV Beach Resort Sta. Cruz Jeepney/Tricycle 2.5
AAB Beach Resort Sta. Cruz Jeepney/Tricycle 3
Cholie's Beach Resort Sta. Cruz Jeepney/Tricycle 3
Buloc-Buloc Beach Resort Montemayor Jeepney/Motorized Banca 14
Tuhod Beach Herrera Jeepney/Motorized Banca 18
Lake
Naujan Lake Naujan, Pola, Jeepney 10
Soccoro and
Victoria
Waterfalls
Arangin Falls Arangin Jeepney 20
Karacha Falls Malvar Jeepney 30
Arambyaw Falls Masagana Jeepney 20
Taguan Falls Herrera Jeepney/ Motorboat 20
Islets
Three Islets in Lake Naujan Montelago Jeepney/ Pumpboat 15
Mountains/ Hills/
Reservation
Dome Hill San Isidro Jeepney 7
Mt. Naujan Melgar B. Jeepney/Tricycle 11
Mangyan Reservation Paitan Jeepney 20
Pungao Hot Spring Montelago Jeepney/Motorized Banca 12
Baluarte(Bell Tower) Melgar A Jeepney/Tricycle/Hike 9
Simbahang Bato Bancuro Jeepney/Tricycle 8
Parks
Naujan National Park Brgys. Bayani, Jeepney/Tricycle 9
Montelago, San
Pedro, and Dao
Naujan Town Plaza Poblacion 1 Jeepney/Tricycle -
Others
MILAR Aqua Farms San Agustin 2 Jeepney/Tricycle 10
Sta. Isabel Tree Farm Sta. Isabel Jeepney 15
Source: MPDO

The attractions of Naujan which could be linked to form a diverse circuit add to
its inherent potential to pull in tourists. Some of the tourist spots are as follows:

Baluarte sa Lumang Bayan

This site of the old watchtower was then used to give warning to residents
whenever Moro raiders were coming. The structure was erected at the top of the
hill overlooking the bay and offers excellent views of Tablas Strait, the vast
agricultural plain and the network of Butas and Lumangbayan rivers. The old
watchtower dates back to the 16 th century, and it is primarily made of limestone
and corals.

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Simbahang Bato

The site features the relics of a 16 th century church erected by Spanish friars and
constructed out of corals and limestone. It is situated in one of the oldest
villages in the Philippines (Barangay Bancuro) and serves as one of the
monuments of the country's Spanish Heritage in art and architecture. The walls
of the ancient church have withstood the ravages of time despite natural and
manmade calamities. The original roofing of the church, unfortunately, was not
preserved. A small chapel was built within its walls creating a 'church within a
church'.

Naujan Lake

Naujan Lake is located 38 kilometers south of Calapan. Two hundred feet at its
deepest point, this 80 square mile lake offers sanctuary to water fowls, whistling
ducks, bats, purple heron, monkeys, Philippine crocodile, sail pinned lizard,
swampoon, cattle egret, common grebe and the Philippine Mallard Duck. The
largest freshwater lake in the province, Naujan Lake, supplies the province and
mainland Luzon with delectable freshwater fishes such as "banak", "simbad",
and "banglis" - all gourmets’ delight. It also has three islets in its southern part
that were presumably turned loose from the nearby mountains by volcanic
eruption.

Naujan National Park

The Naujan National Park is located approximately 10 kilometers from the town
proper. It features a wildlife sanctuary ideal for recreational activities such as
camping and fishing.

Naujan Town Plaza

The town plaza is located in front of the Municipal Hall and is one of the most
well kept plazas in the province of Oriental Mindoro.

Mangyan Reservation

The Mangyans of the Alangan tribe mainly inhabit the reservation area in
barangays Paitan and Metolza.

Pungao Hot Spring

The hot spring is volcanic in nature and is located about 800 meters from the
two islets in Naujan Lake. It is found at the foot of the hills abounding with
igneous rock formations. The site offers a good place for swimming and
therapeutic bathing

Estrella-Lagarian Beach Resorts

These are located along Naujan's stretch of pristine coastal beaches. These
include Hafa Adai Beach Resort, RGV Beach Resort, AAB Beach Resort, and
Cholie's Beach Resort.

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Dome Hill

The Dome Hill is 275 meters high and commands an excellent panorama of the
vast agricultural plains and Tablas Strait. More so, it offers breathtaking view of
Naujan Lake and the network of Butas and Lumangbayan rivers.

Waterfalls

The waterfalls of Naujan are located farther in the uplands. These are the
Paitan Waterfalls, Arangin Waterfalls, Karacha Waterfalls, Arambyaw Waterfalls
and Taguan Waterfalls. These waterfalls could simply be described as pure
manifestations of nature's wonder.

Development Needs

An assessment of the existing facilities must be done to determine the needs of

the tourism sector of Naujan. This could be done through the following:

 Comparison of present facilities in existing tourist attraction with the

requirement of specific types of resorts, restaurants, hotels, etc.;

 Determination of adequacy of existing personnel based on staffing

requirements set by the Philippine Tourism Authority;

 Adequacy of facilities to service the expected volume of tourists in the area;

and

 Identification of factors to further enhance the beauty of the tourist spot.

An initial assessment of these sites shows lack of appropriate facilities such as

board and accommodation. Further, access and transportation to these sites
are usually difficult. Development perspectives, therefore, should focus on
augmenting these tourist facilities and improving support mechanisms in the
form of proper social and physical infrastructures.

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