PRIME UNIVERSITY

Department of Business Administration

(MBA)

ASSIGNMENT

Course Title: Computer Application In Business Decision

Course Code: BIS-533

Submitted To: Md. Mahedi Hasan

(Assistant Professor)

Submitted By: Joy Saha

ID No. - 201020102049

Batch: 53rd

Program: MBA (36 Credit)

Date of Submission-12.06.2020

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Introduction

The Learning from any University related course can enable a student to
be competitive in different places for different kind of jobs. This course
was also so much educational to me because I obtained the idea on many
facts of Computer application in making Business decision. This report is going
to present all of my learning from this course along with the implication
of those learning in an active organization.

Things that I have learned

After doing this course successfully I have come to know almost many things
regarding on the computer for make a business decision in the organization. Among
those I just want to make overview on some learning which have been obtained from
this course. Those learning from this course are the followings:

 Firstly I have known the implementation effective strategies by exercising a

proper rigorous computer based analysis work.
 I have obtained knowledge to decide an online specifications and use that
online specifications to make a complete accurate business going description.
 After doing this course now I can prepare and implement actions such as:
reduce security threat, the development of communication both internally and

externally, the retention and the communication processes properly.

 Now I am able to promote an absolute e-commerce or m-commerce business
culture which supports business can to become more successful to build the
business for its success.

Why learn about computers?

Today, many people all over the world use some form of a computer every day.
Having a general understanding of computers can help us function in today's world,
and it can prevent us from getting left behind. We learn Computer then we can easily
explore information of our interest in easy way, our information will be well

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organized. If we not aware of computer it is difficult to gather information of our
interest. In this competitive world we have to update ourselves to newer technologies
which is helpful in all the sectors. We need to learn computer because computers are
everywhere. If we learn computer then it is easy to us operate computer like devices
smartphones, smart watch, etc.

 Ecommerce definition:
Ecommerce, also known as electronic commerce or internet commerce, refers to the
buying and selling of goods or services using the internet, and the transfer of money
and data to execute these transactions. Ecommerce is often used to refer to the sale of
physical products online, but it can also describe any kind of commercial transaction
that is facilitated through the internet. Whereas e-business refers to all aspects of
operating an online business, ecommerce refers specifically to the transaction of
goods and services.

 What is E-business?
E-business or electronic business refers to commercial activities performed over
computers and technologies mainly through networks such as Internets, extranets and
the internet to improve and extend business operations. E-business software solutions
allow the integration of intra and inter firm business processes.

 List and describe the eight unique features of e-commerce:

1. E-commerce technology is ubiquitous, meaning that is available just about
everywhere: at work, at home and elsewhere at any time. The marketplace is extended
beyond traditional boundaries and it removed from a temporal and geographic
location.

2. It has global reach, permitting commercial transaction to cross cultural and national
boundaries far more conveniently and cost effectively than is true in traditional
commerce.

3. It operates according to universal standards share by all nations around the world,
where most traditional commerce technologies differ from one nation to the next.

4.It provides information richness, enabling an online merchant to deliver to an

audience of millions complex and rich marketing massages with text, video and audio

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in a way not possible with traditional commerce technologies such as radio ,
television and magazine.

5. It is interactivity, meaning it allows for two-way communication between merchant

and consumers enables the merchant to engage a consumer in ways similar to a face
to face experience but on a much more massive global scale.

6. It increases information density the total amount and quality of information

available to all market participants.

7. It permits personalization and customization: Merchants can target their marketing

massage to specific individuals by adjustment the massage to a person’s name,
interests and past purchases.

8. Social technology: Social technology enables user content creation; distribution

supports social networks.

 E-Commerce business model:

1. Business to consumer (B2C) Business model: With the business-to-consumer
(B2C) model, business sell goods or services to individual consumers. The B2C
model was one of the first major types of e-commerce business models found of the
web.

2. Business to business (B2B) Business model: The business to business model (B2B)
model include any type of e-commerce transaction taking place between businesses to
business. Possibilities include business buying goods and services needed for their
operations as well as purchasing manufacturing supplies and raw goods.

3. Consumer to consumer (C2C) Business Model: The consumer to consumer (C2C)

model sometimes referred to as the person to person model involves individuals
selling directly to other individuals. Typically, C2C transactions are carried out via
intermediary web sites set up to facilitate this, such as online classified ad sites and
online auction sites like eBay.

4. Business to Government (B2G) Business model: The business to government

(B2G) model includes transactions between business local state and federal
governments. For instance, Many B2G e-commerce specialized in the selling product
and services to government agencies.

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 Types of E-commerce web sites:
1. Manufacturer and E-Tayler sites

2. Subscription sites

3. Brokerage Sites

4. Online Auctions

5. Financial Brokerages

6. Real Estate, Travel and other consumer Brokerages

 Implementing Web-Based E-commerce:

Implementing an e-commerce shopping cart gives our business the ability to sell our

products online day and night, reach new clients, target our ideal market, establish a
strong brand, and build closer relationships with our customers by improving their
purchasing experience. Whether we are setting up an online store for the first time or
updating our current platform, platform implementation is one of the most complex
aspects of launching an e-commerce site. Without the guidance of a consultant with
years of e-commerce experience, programming expertise and deep knowledge, our
efforts to set up an e-commerce solution can become plagued by cost overruns,
programming errors, and delays resulting in poor sales performance and
reduced profits.

The process of implementing Web based e-commerce typically involves the five steps
listed below:

1. Select appropriate business models and types of web sites

2. Select the desired e-commerce applications

3. Develop procedures for handling electronic financial transaction

4. Design and development an effective e-commerce web site

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5. Implement appropriate sales and marketing strategies

 Digital goods: In e-commerce digital goods are a general term that is used to
describe any goods that are produced, stored, delivered and used in its electronic
format. Digital goods are shipped electronically to the consumer through e-mail or
download from the internet.
 Digital Markets: Digital markets are said to be more “transparent” then
traditional markets. Digital markets are very flexible and efficient with reduced
search and transaction costs, lower menu prices and the ability to change prices
dynamically based on market conditions.

What Is an Information System?

Information system an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, and
processing data and for providing information, knowledge, and digital products.
Business firms and other organizations rely on information systems to carry out and
manage their operations, interact with their customers and suppliers, and compete in
the marketplace. Information systems are used to run inter organizational supply
chains and electronic markets. For instance, corporations use information systems to
process financial accounts, to manage their human resources, and to reach their
potential customers with online promotions. Many major companies are built entirely
around information systems.

 Typical Components of Information Systems:

Hardware: Computer-based information systems use computer hardware, such as

processors, monitors, keyboard and printers.
Software: These are the programs used to organize, process and analyze data.
Databases: Information systems work with data, organized into tables and files.
Network: different elements need to be connected to each other, especially if many
different people in an organization use the same information system.
Procedures: These describe how specific data are processed and analyzed in order to
get the answers for which the information system is designed.

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 The Role of Information Systems in Transforming Business Today

Changes in technology and new innovative business models have transformed social
life and business practices. Smartphones, social networking, texting, emailing, and
Webinars have all become essential tools of business because that’s where your
customers, suppliers, and colleagues can be found. Businesses are using information
technology to sense and respond to rapidly changing customer demand, reduce
inventories to the lowest possible levels, and achieve higher levels of operational
efficiency. Supply chains have become more fast-paced, with companies of all sizes
depending on just-in-time inventory to reduce their overhead costs and get to market
faster.

 Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems

Growing interdependence between ability to use information technology and ability to

implement corporate strategies and achieve corporate goals.

 Operational excellence:

1. Improvement of efficiency to attain higher profitability

2. Information systems, technology an important tool in achieving greater efficiency

and productivity

 New products, services, and business models:

1. Business model: describes how company produces, delivers, and sells product or
service to create wealth

2. Information systems and technology a major enabling tool for new products,
services, business models

 Competitive advantage

1. Delivering better performance

2. Charging less for superior products

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3. Responding to customers and suppliers in real time

4. Examples: Apple, Wal-Mart

 Perspectives on Information Systems:

1. Assets required to derive value from a primary investment

2. Firms supporting technology investments with investment in complementary assets

receive superior returns

 System Vulnerability and Abuse:

 Security: Policies, procedures and technical measures used to prevent

unauthorized access, alteration, theft, or physical damage to information systems.
 Controls: Methods, policies, and organizational procedures that ensure safety of
organization’s assets; accuracy and reliability of its accounting records; and
operational adherence to management standards.

 Internet vulnerabilities:

1. Network open to anyone

2. Size of Internet means abuses can have wide impact

 Malware (malicious software)

 Viruses: Rogue software program that attaches itself to other software programs
or data files in order to be executed
 Worms: Independent computer programs that copy themselves from one
computer to other computers over a network.

 Hackers and computer crime: Activities include

1. System intrusion

2. System damage

3. Cyber vandalism

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4. Intentional disruption, defacement, destruction of Web site or corporate
information system.

 Spoofing

1. Misrepresenting oneself by using fake e-mail addresses or masquerading as

someone else

2. Redirecting Web link to address different from intended one, with site
masquerading as intended destination

 Sniffer

1. Eavesdropping program that monitors information traveling over network

2. Enables hackers to steal proprietary information such as e-mail, company files, etc.

 Application controls

1. Specific controls unique to each computerized application, such as payroll or order

processing

2. Include both automated and manual procedures

3. Ensure that only authorized data are completely and accurately processed by that
application

 Risk assessment: Determines level of risk to firm if specific activity or process is

not properly controlled

1. Types of threat

2. Probability of occurrence during year

3. Potential losses, value of threat

4. Expected annual loss

Security policy: Ranks information risks, identifies acceptable security goals, and
identifies mechanisms for achieving these goals.

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 Enterprise Software:

1. Finance/accounting: General ledger, accounts payable, etc.

2. Human resources: Personnel administration, payroll, etc.

3. Manufacturing/production: Purchasing, shipping, etc.

4. Sales/marketing: Order processing, billing, sales planning, etc.

 Business value of enterprise systems:

1. Increase operational efficiency

2. Provide firm wide information to support decision making

3. Enable rapid responses to customer requests for information or products

4. Include analytical tools to evaluate overall organizational performance

 Supply chain:

 Network of organizations and processes for:

1. Procuring raw materials

2. Transforming them into products

3. Distributing the products

 Upstream supply chain:

1. Firm’s suppliers, suppliers’ suppliers, processes for managing relationships with

them

 Downstream supply chain:

1. Organizations and processes responsible for delivering products to customers

 Business value of SCM systems:

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1. Match supply to demand

2. Reduce inventory levels

3. Improve delivery service

4. Speed product time to market

5. Use assets more effectively

6. Reduced supply chain costs lead to increased profitability

 Customer relationship management (CRM) systems

1. Capture and integrate customer data from all over the organization

2. Consolidate and analyze customer data

3. Distribute customer information to various systems and customer touch points

across enterprise

 Business Value of Customer Relationship Management Systems

Customer Relationship Management is a system that aims to improve the relationship
with existing customers, find new prospective customers, and win back former
customers. This system can be brought into effect with software that facilitates
collecting, organizing, and managing customer information.

Here's how CRM benefits can renew and expand business:

1. Improve Customer Satisfaction
2. Improve Customer Retention
3. Better Internal Communication
4. Gain Valuable Insights

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