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    Chapter 1 Student Copy Zoology

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    Zoology is the study of animals and is a subset of biology, which is the study of life at the cellular level and above. All living things are made of cells, and biologists distinguish between the properties shared by all cells and those unique to plant or animal cells. An understanding of evolution allows zoologists to explain the structures and functions of modern animals based on their shared ancestry. Animals evolve over generations as traits are passed from parents to offspring, and populations adapt through natural selection. Scientists classify animals based on shared morphological and genetic characteristics to reflect evolutionary relationships. Zoology includes many sub-disciplines focused on specific taxa or approaches, and animals are linked to and impacted by their environments.

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    Chapter 1 Student Copy Zoology

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    Zoology is the study of animals and is a subset of biology, which is the study of life at the cellular level and above. All living things are made of cells, and biologists distinguish between the properties shared by all cells and those unique to plant or animal cells. An understanding of evolution allows zoologists to explain the structures and functions of modern animals based on their shared ancestry. Animals evolve over generations as traits are passed from parents to offspring, and populations adapt through natural selection. Scientists classify animals based on shared morphological and genetic characteristics to reflect evolutionary relationships. Zoology includes many sub-disciplines focused on specific taxa or approaches, and animals are linked to and impacted by their environments.

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    Zoology is the study of animals and is a subset of biology, which is the study of life at the cellular level and above. All living things are made of cells, and biologists distinguish between the properties shared by all cells and those unique to plant or animal cells. An understanding of evolution allows zoologists to explain the structures and functions of modern animals based on their shared ancestry. Animals evolve over generations as traits are passed from parents to offspring, and populations adapt through natural selection. Scientists classify animals based on shared morphological and genetic characteristics to reflect evolutionary relationships. Zoology includes many sub-disciplines focused on specific taxa or approaches, and animals are linked to and impacted by their environments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    64 views2 pages

    Chapter 1 Student Copy Zoology

    Uploaded by

    api-523871804
    Zoology is the study of animals and is a subset of biology, which is the study of life at the cellular level and above. All living things are made of cells, and biologists distinguish between the properties shared by all cells and those unique to plant or animal cells. An understanding of evolution allows zoologists to explain the structures and functions of modern animals based on their shared ancestry. Animals evolve over generations as traits are passed from parents to offspring, and populations adapt through natural selection. Scientists classify animals based on shared morphological and genetic characteristics to reflect evolutionary relationships. Zoology includes many sub-disciplines focused on specific taxa or approaches, and animals are linked to and impacted by their environments.

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    Chapter 1 Student Lecture

    Lecture Outline

    Zoology, the study of animals, is a subset of the broad discipline of


    Biology. Biology is the study of life, including single-celled organisms as well as
    multicellular plants and animals. The cell is the basic unit of life, so biologists distinguish
    the fundamental properties of cells from those properties unique to either plant cells or
    animal cells. Later lectures will cover animal cells and whole animals in more detail.

    An awareness of the common evolutionary origin of all animals allows us to explain the
    structures and functions of animals living now. The first living organisms possessed
    certain features that they passed on to their descendants; the descendant populations
    maintained some of these characteristics and modified others. The passing of these
    traits from parents to offspring is referred to as heredity. Subsequent populations of
    descendants evolved in different ways, changing size, shape and many other features in
    response to natural selection. The animals living today possess some features
    maintained from the distant past (often referred to as plesiomorphic characters), as
    well as certain sets of more recently evolved characters (synapomorphic characters).

    The particular features that are shared among groups of animals (similar morphological
    features or DNA sequences, to name two) are used as the basis for animal Classification.
    The current classification scheme is based on the work of Carolus Linnaeus: his binomial
    nomenclature is used to give a genus name and species name for every living organism
    (referred to as a taxon). The names used in classification above the genus level (e.g.,
    family, class, or phylum) group organisms together according to the degree of shared
    ancestry as indicated by shared features. Taxonomic groups should reflect the
    evolutionary relationships among and between taxa.

    Zoology encompasses many sub-disciplines, ranging from entomology to ornithology.


    The sub-disciplines may be created on the basis of particular taxa (e.g., ichthyology is
    the study of fishes) or by particular approaches (e.g., physiology is the study of the
    functions of organisms and their parts).

    Animals are intimately linked to their environment. The interaction between animals
    and their environment, in the broadest sense of the term, is studied in Ecology. Many
    animals share an environment, using it as a source of resources such as shelter, food,
    water and mates. Human populations grow very rapidly, so humans have spread to
    most parts of the earth, impacting the environments of almost all living things. As
    humans use and degrade the environment, fewer resources are available to the myriad

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    of other life forms on earth (collectively referred to as biodiversity). The world
    population is estimated to reach 9.3 billion by 2050, heralding even greater effects on
    biodiversity.

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