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    Johannes Kepler'S Three Laws of Planetary Motion

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    jovelyn dahang
    Johannes Kepler devised three laws of planetary motion based on his study of astronomical observations. The first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The second law says that a line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the Sun. Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets, asteroids, comets and exoplanets in ways that were revolutionary for their time.

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    Johannes Kepler'S Three Laws of Planetary Motion

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    jovelyn dahang
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    Johannes Kepler devised three laws of planetary motion based on his study of astronomical observations. The first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The second law says that a line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the Sun. Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets, asteroids, comets and exoplanets in ways that were revolutionary for their time.

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    astronomy

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    DAHANG, J. -ASTRONOMY

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    Johannes Kepler devised three laws of planetary motion based on his study of astronomical observations. The first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The second law says that a line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the Sun. Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets, asteroids, comets and exoplanets in ways that were revolutionary for their time.

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    74 views2 pages

    Johannes Kepler'S Three Laws of Planetary Motion

    Uploaded by

    jovelyn dahang
    Johannes Kepler devised three laws of planetary motion based on his study of astronomical observations. The first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The second law says that a line connecting a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law establishes that the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the Sun. Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets, asteroids, comets and exoplanets in ways that were revolutionary for their time.

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    of 2

    Name: Jovelyn B.

    Dahang SCI 214 (0371) ASTRONOMY


    Instructor: Prof. Jezzel Rabe

    JOHANNES KEPLER'S THREE LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION

    Johannes Kepler was born into a poor family in the German province of


    Württemberg and lived much of his life amid the turmoil of the Thirty Years’ War. He
    attended university at Tubingen and studied for a theological career. There, he learned
    the principles of the Copernican system and became converted to the heliocentric
    hypothesis. Eventually, Kepler went to Prague to serve as an assistant to Brahe, who
    set him to work trying to find a satisfactory theory of planetary motion—one that was
    compatible with the long series of observations made at Hven. Brahe was reluctant to
    provide Kepler with much material at any one time for fear that Kepler would discover
    the secrets of the universal motion by himself, thereby robbing Brahe of some of the
    glory. Only after Brahe’s death in 1601 did Kepler get full possession of the priceless
    records. Their study occupied most of Kepler’s time for more than 20 years.
    Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, in astronomy and classical physics, laws
    describing the motions of the planets in the solar system. They were derived by the
    German astronomer Johannes Kepler.
    The three laws devised by Kepler to define the mechanics of planetary motion.
    The first law states that planets move in an elliptical orbit, with the sun being one focus
    of the ellipse, sometimes referred to as the law of ellipses. An ellipse is a special curve
    in which the sum of the distances from every point on the curve to two other points is a
    constant. This law identifies that the distance between the Sun and Earth is constantly
    changing as the Earth goes around its orbit. The second law states that the radius of the
    vector joining the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times as the planet
    travels around the ellipse. As such, the planet moves quickest when the vector radius is
    shortest (closest to the Sun), and move more slowly when radius vector is long (furthest
    from the Sun). Moreover, the third law sometimes referred to as the law of harmonies
    states that the ratio of the squares of the orbital period for two planets is equal to the
    ratio of the cubes of their mean orbit radius. This indicates that the length of time for a
    planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the increase of the radius of the planet’s
    orbit. Unlike Kepler's first and second laws that describe the motion characteristics of a
    single planet, the third law makes a comparison between the motion characteristics of
    different planets. The comparison being made is that the ratio of the squares of the
    periods to the cubes of their average distances from the sun is the same for every one
    of the planets
    Kepler's laws describe how planets (and asteroids and comets) orbit the sun.
    They can also be used to describe how moons orbit around a planet. But they do not
    just apply to our solar system --- they can be used to describe the orbits of any
    exoplanet around any star.
    Reference

    The Physics Classroom (n.d.). Kepler’s Three Laws. Retrieved September 3, 2020
    from www.physicsclassroom.com/class/circles/Lesson-4/Kepler-s-Three-Laws

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