GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3130502
Semester – III
Subject Name: Fluid Flow Operations

Type of course: Core course

Prerequisite: Elements of Physics

Rationale: This Subject is essential for Chemical engineering to know the effect of pressure and stress of
fluid on different bodies. Further, it is useful for students to know the metering devices for different type of
fluids.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total

L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks Marks
ESE (E) PA (M) ESE (V) PA (I)
4 0 2 5 70 30 30 20 150

Content:

Sr. No. Content Total

Hrs

1 Fluid static and its application: Properties of fluids, Pressure concept, Hydrostatic 12
equilibrium, decanters like continuous gravity, centrifugal etc.
Fluid Flow Phenomena: Velocity fluid, Velocity gradient and rate of shear, Newtonian and
Non Newtonian fluids, Viscosity and momentum flux, Reynolds number and its
significance, laminar and turbulent flow; Laminar and Turbulent flow in boundary layers,
boundary layer formation in straight tubes, boundary separation and wake formation.
2 Basic equations of Fluid Flow: Mass velocity; average velocity; potential flow; 10
streamlines, stream tubes, macroscopic momentum balance, momentum correction factor,
Equation of continuity, Bernoulli's equation, corrections for fluid friction, pump work in
Bernoulli’s equations, angular momentum equations.
3 Flow of incompressible fluids: in Conduits and Thin Layers: Flow of incompressible fluids 12
in Conduits and Thin Layers in pipes, relation between skin friction and wall shear,
friction factor laminar flow in pipes, kinetic energy correction factor and momentum
correction factor for laminar flow of Newtonian fluids, Hagen-Poiseuille equation, effect
of roughness, friction factor chart, friction factor inflow through channels of non-circular
cross section, equivalent diameter, hydraulic radius, friction from changes in velocity or
direction, flow through sudden enlargement of cross section, flow through sudden
contraction of cross section, effect of fittings and valves, form friction losses in Bernoulli’s
equations, separation of boundary layers in diverging channel.
4 Flow of Compressible fluids: Mach number, continuity equation total energy balance 10
equation, velocity of sound. Introduction of isentropic expansion, adiabatic frictional flow,
isothermal frictional flow, velocity in nozzles.
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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3130502
Flow past immersed bodies: Introduction to Drag, drag coefficient, form drag, and stream
lining.
Dimensional Analysis: Different methods of dimensional analysis applied to fluid flow
problems.
5 Transportation and Metering of fluid: Pipe and tubing, joint and fittings selection of pipe 16
sizes, prevention of leakage around moving parts, stuffing boxes, mechanical seals, valves
like Gate, Globe, Plug cocks, Ball, Check valves.
Fluid moving machinery: Pumps its characteristics like developed head power requirement
suction lift and cavitations; positive displacement pumps like reciprocating, rotary pumps,
centrifugal pumps and its theory, characteristic of head capacity relation, pump priming,
fans, blowers like positive displacement, centrifugal blowers, compressor efficiency,
vacuum pumps, jet ejectors, comparison of devices for moving fluids.
Measurement of flowing fluids: Full bore meter like venturimeter, orifice meter,
coefficient of discharge of venturimeter, orifice meter, area meters like Rotameter, target
meters, vortex-shedding meters, coriolis meters, magnetic meters etc., insertion meters like
pitot tubes.

Suggested Specification table with Marks (Theory):

Distribution of Theory Marks

R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level

17 14 18 7 7 7

Legends: R: Remembrance; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C:

Create and above Levels (Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy)

Reference Books:
"Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering", McCabe W L, Smith J C, Harriott P, Mc Graw Hill
Publication, 7th edition 2005.
“Chemical Engineering” Vol. I – Fluid flow, Heat Transfer and Mass Transfer; Coulson & Richardson’s,
Butterworth – Heinemann Publication, 6 th Edition.
“Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer”, James G. Knudson and Donald L. Katz, Mc Graw Hill Publication.

Course Outcomes:

Sr. CO statement Marks % weightage

No.

CO-1 Identify fluid properties and memorize the concepts of pressure. 25

CO-2 Classify different types of fluid and generalize the concepts of boundary 20
layer and its estimation in different flows.
CO-3 Apply and demonstrate the basic equations of fluid flow. 25

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w.e.f. AY 2018-19
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Bachelor of Engineering
Subject Code: 3130502
CO-4 Calculate and examine the flow in compressible and incompressible 10
fluid along dimensional analysis for problems in fluid flow.
CO-5 Propose appropriate pipe size, joints, fitting and valve for chemical 10
processes.
CO-6 Evaluate and compare the performance of various fluid flowing 10
machinery i.e pumps and compressor and metering devices i.e. flow
meters.

Suggested list of experiments

10 experiments needs to be performed during the semester.

1. To study and verify Bernoulli's Theorem

2. To calibrate Venturi meter and obtain it's coefficient of discharge.
3 To calibrate an Orifice meter and obtain it's coefficient of discharge.
4. To study a Rotameter and obtain it's coefficient of discharge.
5. To Study Notched Weirs Apparatus and obtain its discharge coefficient.
6. Study of Pressure measurement devices.
7. Pressure drop in various size of circular pipes.
8. Friction factor for various size of pipes.
9. Pressure drop and friction factor measurement in bend, valves and different fittings.
10. Pressure drop in non-circular pipes of different size.
11. To observe Reynolds's number and flow pattern in Reynolds Apparatus.
12. Centrifugal Pump testing and characteristic curves.
13. Reciprocating Pump testing and characteristic curves.
14. Determination of metacentric heights for floating bodies.

Major Equipment:

Bernoulli’s experiment, Reynolds experimental set up.

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