Big Ed's Whitegoods LTD: Part A
Big Ed's Whitegoods LTD: Part A
Big Ed's Whitegoods LTD: Part A
PART A
Big Ed’s Whitegoods Ltd
Expenses
Phone Service / Calls $780
Electricity $1590
Gas $600
Water $550
Insurance $1300
Payroll $465,000
Cleaning $850
Finance Costs $1650
Advertising $560
Rent $25,000
Petrol $560
Accountants Fees $370
Maintenance $1405
Bank Fees $210
Office Supplies $600
Edward Tan owns a medium sized whitegoods retail store. He provides you with the
following information which is current as of 1 October 2014. All sales and purchasing
figures are inclusive of GST.
Assets
Cash (Bank) $245,000
Computer $16,400
equipment
Delivery Van $26,000
Phones $2,300
Office Equipment $4,500
Debtors $13,580
Stock $117,303
Creditors
JRL Holdings $22,626
Innovating Technology Ltd $3,653
LMS Marketing $1,200
Rowling & Sons $35,622
Ed has 3 customers that purchase a large quantity of stock through him which he delivers to
their premises. To keep these customers happy, Ed is providing this service on credit to the
customers listed below. The listed customers have a debt owing to Ed as listed:
Debtors:
P.L Farthings $1,323
J Smyth & Co $800
L.L Incorporated $356
National Appliances Direct $4,233
Big Ed’s Whitegoods Ltd
1 year budget & projected financial forecast 2015
Budget
- Based on data from January – September 2014
- Purchase cost of goods is set to rise by 5%
- Decreased consumer confidence means that sales are expected to decrease by
12%
- Ed believes he can increase his sale prices by 8% which should have minimal
impact on overall sales, perhaps reducing total sales by a further 3%
- Ed plans on reducing his expenses by laying off one of his part time staff
members who has a yearly salary of $47,000. This is hoped to have only minimal
impact on productivity
Surplus
- Excess of receipts over payments.
- Receiving more cash than payments.
Deficit
- Excess of payments over receipts.
- Paying out more cash than receiving cash.
- Bracket () indicate the negative values.
Cash includes all money that is available on demand including bank notes and coins, petty
cash, certain cheques, and money in savings or debit accounts.
Revenue (also known as turnover) the amount earned before expenses, tax and other
deductions are taken out.
A capital expenditure is an amount spent to acquire or improve a long-term asset such as
equipment or buildings. Usually the cost is recorded in an account classified as Property,
Plant and Equipment. The cost (except for the cost of land) will then be charged
to depreciation expense over the useful life of the asset.
A revenue expenditure is an amount that is expensed immediately—thereby being
matched with revenues of the current accounting period. Routine repairs are revenue
expenditures because they are charged directly to an account such as Repairs and
Maintenance Expense.
Even significant repairs that do not extend the life of the asset or do not improve the
asset are revenue expenditures.
The term ‘BAS provision’ is defined in Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 as:
❖ Part VII (collection and recovery only) of the Fringe Benefits Tax Assessment Act
1986
❖ the indirect tax laws, including
✔ the goods and services tax (GST) law
✔ the wine tax law
✔ the luxury car tax law
✔ the fuel tax law, and
❖ Parts 2-5 and 2-10 in schedule 1 of the Tax Administration Act 1953, which are about
the pay as you go (PAYG) system.
The TASA also provides that the Tax Practitioners Board may, by legislative instrument,
specify that another service is a BAS service. There are significant civil penalties for anyone
providing BAS services for a fee or reward, or advertising BAS services, while unregistered.
For detailed information about the meaning of BAS service, refer to section 90-10 of
the TASA. Business Activity Statements (BAS), Annual Tax Returns & Financial Statements
are just some of the items that the ATO requires small businesses to report throughout the
year. This is to calculate how much tax you either need to pay, or receive back.
Interaction between Income Tax and GST
GST on a Taxable Supply
If a taxpayer makes a “taxable supply” as defined under the GST Act, the taxpayer
will have a GST liability on that supply equal to 1/11th of the amount received: ss 9-5, 9-70
and 9-75. On the other hand, there is no GST on supplies that are GST-free or input taxed.
GST on a Taxable Supply is not a Chargeable Receipt under the Income Tax
A GST amount (or liability) on a taxable supply will not be included in the taxpayer’s
assessable income: s 17-5. And, a GST amount on the sale of a depreciating asset or CGT
asset will not be included as part of the sale proceeds (i.e. termination value, capital
proceeds): ss 27-95(1) and 116-20(5).
Input Tax Credit on a Creditable Acquisition
If a taxpayer makes a “creditable acquisition” as defined under the GST Act, the
taxpayer will obtain an input tax credit on the acquisition: s 11-20. The input tax credit is
usually 1/11th of the amount paid under the acquisition: s 11-25. It is important to note
that in most expense payment benefit situations, the entity making the taxable supply will
have made the supply to the 4 employee, and not the employer. The employer would not
be able to satisfy the normal requirements for a creditable acquisition in these
circumstances: s 11-5(b).
However, ss 111-5, 111-10 and 111-25 recognize and correct for this so that the
employer can still get an input tax credit even though the employer did not purchase the
supply directly from the supplier.
It is important to note that when determining the extent of creditable purpose for
the purpose of working out the amount of the input tax credit of the employer, it is the
perspective of the employee that is relevant. The perspective of the employee, namely, the
extent of income producing use made of the benefit by the employee, is not relevant to this
question.
Input Tax Credit on a Creditable Acquisition does not obtain Recognition under the Income
Tax Rules
An input tax credit obtained on a creditable acquisition is not allowed as a deduction: s 27-
5. And, an input tax credit on acquisition of a depreciating asset or a CGT asset is also not
included in the relevant cost base: ss 27-80 and 103-30.
Interaction between GST and FBT
Values for FBT Purposes
When determining the prima facie taxable value and the otherwise deductible
amount under the FBT regime for a benefit, GST-inclusive amounts are to be used (i.e. do
not exclude the GST on the “transaction”).
Difference between a Type 1 and a Type 2 Benefit
A Type 1 benefit has a higher gross-up amount applied to the taxable value of
benefits compared to a Type 2 benefit: ss 5B(1B) and 5B(1C). For Type 1, it is 2.0647. For
Type 2, it is 1.8692.
The test to distinguish between a Type 1 and Type 2 benefit is whether the employer is
entitled to an input tax credit on the purchase cost of the benefit (GST-creditable benefit: s
149A)? If such an entitlement exists, it is a Type 1 benefit. If not, then it is Type 2 benefit.
In answering the GST-creditable benefit question, one needs to determine whether
the supply that relates to the employer’s acquisition is a taxable supply, GST-free, because
an employer can only obtain an input tax credit on an acquisition made under a taxable
supply.
There is no GST on Taxes
The employer will not obtain an input tax credit on paying their FBT liability because
there is not GST liability on the receipt of FBT.
PART B
Current compliance requirement and liabilities for the organization under the corporation
Act 2001.
● A due diligence committee that oversees and documents the due diligence process
and identifies issues for investigation and disclosure in the prospectus.
● Directors, management and various advisers to the issuer undertaking particular tasks
to ensure the prospectus is properly prepared.
● The due diligence committee undertaking verification of the prospectus to ensure it
does not contain any false or misleading statements.
● Financial probity requires the preparer of budgets to do so with honesty, integrity and
in an ethical manner. This would require objectivity and conduct that ensures that no
conflict of interests exists or is perceived to exist in the preparation of budgets.
● Others must be advised to be truthful in their assessments, responses and the
documentation of financial transactions and notes to the budgets.
● Financial viability – profit on target for the first quarter which is the seasonally
slowest quarter of the year
● Gross profit margins – yes, the variance report identifies that the company was able to
maintain its gross profit margin in line with the budget.
● Review the discount policy to protect the gross profit margin.
● Reduce loans to reduce exposure to rising interest rates.
● Review salaries and wages to reduce costs and improve viability.
● Revised budget to include adjustments to the advertising budget with the $50,000
added to the next quarter.
List the new internal controls and risk management for Ed`s Whitegoods Pty Ltd including
the maintenances of audit trails
Risk management
▪ Risk management includes internal control additions and modifications:
▪ discounts to be recorded
▪ reconcile cash registers daily
▪ proper authorisation – timesheets and supplier invoices
▪ maintain currency of asset register
▪ open lines of communication
▪ need for separation of duties
▪ job descriptions
▪ roster duties to minimize fraud possibility
Audit trails
▪ List of directives – all cash received receipted on pre-numbered forms, payments via
cheques with stubs completed, voucher system in payments duly authorised, data
entry to identify source, cross coded source with electronic entry.
▪ Paperwork – paperwork with complete details must be provided as evidence of any
receipt or payment of cash.
▪ Secondary control – receipt of cash will have a secondary monitoring system like a
cash register or a second person. Verify with an independent record.
▪ Proper authority – all payments must be authorised by the person responsible for the
department or cost centre.
Variances to Budget
First Quarter
Debtor Days 21 22 24
56,512 57,132
GST payable
Causes:
⮚ Ed could not get into some national magazines this quarter to promote the store
offers.
⮚ It helps the Ed exceed the set budget.
⮚ Wages and salaries running bit high.
Variances:
Typical variance report will compare actual to budget and create a $ variances to the budget
and a % variances to it as well. These two variances highlight areas that need to be
investigated for corrective action.
Actual to budget
There are many differences between the set budget of first qtr. of the Ed and actual of the
first qtr. Such as -6% differences in sales and 1% in cost of goods sold. Gross profit has a 1%
if difference between in actual and budget that is a favourable. There are many things are
same in the actual and budget such as - Accounting Fees, Depreciation, Insurance,
Superannuation, Payroll and worker compensation etc. . The big difference is in the net
profit and income tax.
The biggest reasons for variances are occurred because of the recitation hit to the economy
and the bank interest rate is also increased. The one other factor is discount that had to be
given to generate the sale.
Performance
As per needs for future profit expectations budget is still low in margin as comparative
⮚ Wages and salaries a little high with 12.2% at Ed as a 22% of sales, however the
industry average is more like 11%.
⮚ Average time for debtors to pay accounts is increasing; however, there should not be
a concern to cash flow as yet as a majority of debtors remain within 30 days.
Recommendations
Analysing profitability and cash flows should be take over a series of past period to identify
trends in the underlying data of this analysis should be on:
Growth, Stability, Sustainability:
▪ The potential for the business and the way the growth is to be adequately managed.
Such as the discount policy needs to review to protect the gross profit margin.
▪ Salaries and wages policy needs to review to manage the budget, extra reduce costs
and improve viability.
▪ Plan to revise the budget to include adjustments to the advertising budget with the
$50,000 added to the next quarter.
▪ Salaries and wages policy needs to review to manage the budget, extra reduce costs
and improve viability
▪ Apply more discounts on public holidays
Evaluation:
▪ Budgets are prepared for all cost centers such as all cleaning and maintenance
charges, bank interest rates, insurance and all taxes.
▪ Budget monitoring and reporting policy is shortened to monthly basis.
▪ Restructure loan into fixed interest rate to take out the volatility in result
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