GST-a Single Point Efficient Tax System or An Economic Disaster?

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GST- a single point efficient tax system or an economic disaster?

GST is the biggest indirect tax reform of India. GST is a single tax on the supply of goods and services. It
is a destination based tax. GST will subsume Central Excise Law, Service Tax Law, VAT, Octroi. GST is
expected to bring together state economies and improve overall economic growth rate. It is a
comprehensive indirect tax levy on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods as well as services at
national level. There are around 160 countries in the world that have GST in place. GST is a destination
based taxed where the tax is collected by the state where goods are consumed. India has implemented
from 1st July, 2017 and it has adopted the Dual GST Model in which both states and central levies tax on
Goods or Services or Both. There are three types of GST:

SGST: State GST, collected by state govt.

CGST: Central GST, collected by central govt.

IGST: Integrated GST, collected by central govt.

GST will mainly remove the cascading effect on the Sale of Goods and Services. Removal of Cascading
effect will directly impact cost of goods. The cost of goods should decrease since tax on tax is eliminated
in the GST regime. It will have transparency in taxation system. More efficient neutralization of taxes
especially for exports thereby making our products more competitive in the international market and give
boost to Indian Exports. Common procedures for registration of taxpayers, refund of taxes, uniform
formats of tax return, common tax base, common system of classification of goods and services will lend
greater certainty to taxation system.

Major Drawbacks of GST was Increased Cost due to software purchase. As it was introduced in the mid-
year, businesses followed the old tax structure for the first 3 months (April, May, and June), and GST for
the rest of the financial year. Unlike earlier, businesses are now switching from pen and paper invoicing
and filing to online return filing and making payments. This might be tough for some smaller businesses to
adapt to. Smaller businesses, especially in the manufacturing sector will face difficulties under GST.
Earlier, only businesses whose turnover exceeded Rs 1.5 crore had to pay excise duty. But now any
business whose turnover exceeds Rs 20 lakh will have to pay GST. SMEs with a turnover upto Rs 75 lakh
can opt for the composition scheme and pay only 1% tax on turnover in lieu of GST and enjoy lesser
compliances. The catch though is these businesses will then not be able to claim any input tax credit. The
decision to choose between higher taxes or the composition scheme (and thereby no ITC) will be a tough
one for many SMEs.

Change is definitely never easy. The government is trying to smoothen the road to GST. It is important to
take a leaf from global economies that have implemented GST before us, and who overcame the teething
troubles to experience the advantages of having a unified tax system and easy input credits.

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