Agenda Setting Theory
Agenda Setting Theory
Agenda Setting Theory
COMM 4350
Michelle Maraffio
Agenda Setting theory was first introduced in 1972 by college professors, Maxwell
McCombs and Donald Shaw. When they surveyed voters from North Carolina in the 1968
Presidential election, they discovered that the issues the mass media reported as the most
important were the issues that the voters felt were the most paramount. Essentially, the theory
asserts that mass media sets the agenda by framing the issues to get their audience to think
about them.
There are two main assumptions in this theory. The first one is that mass media has the
power to curate or “frame” what the public sees. A good example of how the media might use
this power is to report on a scandalous story on the front page, instead of a more current event
that affects a large group of people. For example, we have seen the riots and vandalism stories
getting more airtime in the past few days, than the number of Covid 19 cases. Both are
important and happening simultaneously, but one “appears” to be taking precedence in the
media.
The second belief the theory makes is that the more spotlight a story receives, the more
important it is to the audience. The article states, "the press may not be successful much of the
time in telling people what to think, but it is stunningly successful in telling its readers what to
think about." (McCombs, 1972, p. 177) One could potentially draw a correlation to the lack of
media attention that Covid 19 has received in recent days to the increase of positive cases.
The article describes the various approaches that examined mass media agenda setting,
with newspapers, television, and magazines as the primary sources of their information. They
explain that each system has different characteristics. They explain that newspapers came daily
and utilized a lot of space. Television was also daily, but it was limited on time. While News
magazines come weekly and the news may be old by the time it gets to the consumer. Each of
The article also suggests that oftentimes news media held a point of view and even
biases that could be potentially influential. The article states, “They felt this was especially
relevant in the realm of politics. In short, the political world is reproduced imperfectly by
individual news media. Yet the evidence in this study that voters tend to share the media's
mass media.”
While the public, the media and politics all have agenda setting intentions, this theory
helps us to understand how to interpret influence through comparison. The theory gets more
complicated when more variables, or modes of information are introduced. However, one could
argue that if you only watch or listen to NPR or Fox news in this current era, you may be