2017 9749 JC2 H2 Physics Prelim Paper 4 Solution

Question Answer Marks

1 (a) (ii) MMO
y0 recorded to the correct precision with correct unit. (E.g. 4 d.p. in metres 1
or 2 d.p. in centimetres.)

1 (a) (iv) MMO

y recorded to the correct precision with correct unit. (E.g. 4 d.p. in metres or 1
2 d.p. in centimetres.)

1 (a) (vi) ACE

Correct calculation of (y − y0). (y − y0) recorded to the correct precision
with correct unit. (E.g. 3 d.p. in metres or 1 d.p. in centimetres.) 1

1 (a) (vii) ACE

Absolute uncertainty of 2 mm to 4 mm.
Value given as 1 or 2 s.f. with % sign. 1

1 (b) (iii) ACE

Correct calculation of (y − y0). Value must be smaller than value in (a)(vi). 1

(y − y0) recorded to the correct precision with correct unit. (E.g. 3 d.p. in
metres or 1 d.p. in centimetres.) 1

1 (c) (i) ACE

Award 2 marks if candidate show evidence of at least 2 sets of positions of Max 2
masses with deflection (y − y0) recorded when the mass is placed
individually in a table.

Award 1 mark if candidate show evidence of only 1 set of positions of

masses with deflection (y − y0) recorded when the mass is placed
individually in a table.

E.g.
M1 y − y0 M2 y − y0 Expected Measured
positio when position when y − y0 when y − y0 when
n / cm only M1 / cm only M2 both masses both masses
is placed is placed are put are put
/ cm / cm together/ cm together / cm
90.0 50.0
80.0 50.0

Clarity of the record of the observations. Mark given only if the table
headings are labelled clearly together with the units and correct d.p. 1

1 (c) (ii) ACE

Correct calculation of the percentage difference by
Measured  Expected 1
 100 % . [The mark can be given if value is
Can be either of the values
found in the table in (c)(i).

Correct conclusion drawn comparing the percentage difference with 10%

1
error.
1(d)(i) 1. The ruler clamped to the retort stand may not be vertical when taking the 1
y measurements.

2. There is a gap between the ruler with mass and the vertical ruler, hence
there will be parallax error when taking the y reading.

3. Masses were not put at the same position on the rule as in a previous
deflection measurement.

4. The elastic property of the rule may change if the masses are place on
the rule for a long time.

(Give BOD to students with elastic limit of the ruler is exceeded)

5. The ruler kept moving even after waiting for a significantly long time.
(However for this error, there is no appropriate improvement)

1(d)(ii) 1. Use a spirit level against the ruler and adjust the ruler such that the
bubble in the spirit level is within the specified lines before taking the y
measurements. 1

1. Use a plumb line attached to the retort stand and ensure that the ruler is
always parallel to the plumb line before taking the y measurements.

1. Measure at 2 positions of the ruler and ensure that the distance between
the ruler from the vertical body of the retort stand at these positions is the
same before taking the y measurements.

2. Use a set square to place at the bottom of ruler with mass to help in
reading off from the vertical ruler.

2. Use a marker that is attached parallel to the short edge of rule A pointing
towards rule B.

3. Use a pen to mark out the positions of the masses when placed on the
rule.

3. Use a string to hang the masses instead of putting them on top of the
ruler.

4. Remove the masses immediately after the measurement is taken.

(Do not allow changing to a new ruler every time after doing the
measurement)
Total 13
Question Answer Marks
2 (a) (i) MMO
x recorded to the correct precision with correct unit. (E.g. 3 d.p. in metres or 1
1 d.p. in centimetres.)

2 (a) (iv) MMO

Make a marking at the centre of the wooden block, measure using a half-
metre rule the distance from the edge of the rod to the marking and adjust to 1
ensure that the distance equals to x.

Measure the width of the block. Ensure that the distance from edge of the
rod to the edge of the block is x minus half of the width of the block.

2 (b) (ii) MMO

Evidence of repeated reading + correct precision + correct unit 1

[Evidence can be obtained from the table]

Number of oscillations n must be taken such that nT is more than 10 s. 1

2 (c) (i) MMO

 Award 1 marks only if candidate has successfully collected all 5 sets of 1
data (x, T) without assistance/intervention.

PDO
Clear heading with correct units in the headings of the table. The value of N
(no. of oscillations) must be shown. (Allow words in the headings) 1

PDO
All values of raw data are recorded to the correct precision. Eg x/m (3
decimal places), t/s (1 decimal place).
1

PDO
For each value of calculated quantity, the number of significant figures
should be the same as the number of significant figures in the raw data.
Eg T/s (3 or 4 significant figures) 1
[

2 (c) (ii) ACE

Value of x given can be the x where T is minimum 1
or it can be in the interval just before the mimimum T (to highlight and
discuss)
or it can be in the interval just after the minimum T

x recorded with the correct unit. (Precision is not emphasised here since it is
an estimate)

2 (c) (iii) ACE

Since there is a decreasing trend of T as x increases to ____ (the x value
when T is minimum) and an increasing trend of T for x greater than _____, 1
the value of x is minimum point or there exists a minimum point in the
interval between the x = ____ and the next x value.

Total 10
Question Answer Marks
3 (a) (iii) MMO
I1 and I2 recorded to the correct precision with correct unit. (E.g. 1 or 2 d.p.
in mA) 1

3 (b) MMO
 Award 2 marks if candidate has successfully collected 6 or more sets of 2
data (R, I1, I2) (including the set obtained in previous part) without Minimum
assistance/intervention. Mark = 0
 Award 1 mark if candidate has successfully collected 5 sets of data (R,
I1, I2) without assistance/intervention.
 Award zero mark if candidate has successfully collected 4 or fewer sets
of data (R, I1, I2) without assistance/intervention.
 Deduct 1 mark if candidate requires some assistance/intervention but
has been able to do most the work independently.
 Deduct 2 marks if candidate has been unable to collect data without
assistance/intervention.

PDO
Each column heading (raw data and calculated/derived quantities) must 1
I
contain a quantity and unit. Eg R/, I1/mA, I2/mA, 1 (no units).
I2

PDO
For each value of calculated quantity, the number of significant figures 1
should be the same as the number of significant figures in the raw data.
I1
E.g. follows least significant figures of I1 and I2.
I2

ACE
I1
Derived quantities calculated correctly. Allow a maximum of 1 slip for
I2
each derived quantity.
1
3 (c) (i) PDO (Graph)
Sensible scales must be used. Awkward scales (eg. 3:10) are not allowed. 1
Scales must be chosen so that plotted points occupy at least half the graph
grid in both x and y directions. Axes must be labelled with the quantity/unit
which is being plotted.

PDO (Graph)
All observations must be plotted accurately within of half a small square. 1

PDO (Graph)
Assessed best fit line.
Straight line of best fit – judge by scatter of points about the candidate’s line. 1
There must be a fair scatter of points either side of the line.

3 (c) (ii) ACE

Gradient – the hypotenuse of the ∆ must be greater than half the length of the 1
drawn line. Read-offs must be accurate to half a small square. Gradient
coordinates substituted correctly. Gradient calculated correctly. No unit for
gradient. (Ignore unit given by candidates)

1
 ACE
y-intercept must be read off to the nearest half small square or calculated
correctly from y = mx + c using a point on the line. (Ignore unit given by
candidates)
3 (d)(ii) ACE
P determined correctly from the value of gradient with correct unit. (E.g. −1) 1
Q determined correctly from the y-intercept with no unit. 1

3 (e) ACE
The length of the wire M measured using the metre rule is ______ m. 1

Hence R’ calculated for wire M is _______  m−1. (1/P  length)

1
Correct choice of swg of wire M.
1
3 (f) ACE
Percentage difference between theoretical Q and Q from (d) = 1
Q from (d) - Theoretical Q from (f)
.
Either of the Q value

Since the percentage difference is < 10%, it supports. 1

Since the percentage difference is > 10%, it does not support.

3 (g) (i) ACE

Length of M increases  Resistance of M increases  P will decrease 
gradient will be less  graph is less steep.

Q will also decrease  y-intercept will also decrease.

Graph drawn is less steep with a smaller y-intercept. 1

3 (g) (ii) ACE

When the length is reduced, the resistance of the wires is reduced. With swg
which has a large diameter, the resistance wires may be reduced to a value
such that the current passing resistor Y will be too large and the resistor may 1
melt due to overheating.

Total = 20
Question Answer Marks
4 Defining the problem (2 marks)

P1 Vary v and measure d, or v is the independent variable and d is the 1

dependent variable
P2 Keep the mass/type of pellet and adsorbent material constant 1
Keep the distance between rifle and absorbent material constant

Award one mark for any of the above.

Methods of data collection (5 marks)

M1 Diagram showing the rifle, appropriate position of absorbent material, 1

light gates (if any)

M2 Place aluminium foil at fixed position from rifle, vary the thickness of 1
the aluminium to vary the speed of the pellet before reaching the
material.

M3 If light gates are used, three marking points 2

1. Measure distance d between the two light gates using a metre rule
2. Record the time taken t from the data-logger
M4 3. Calculate the speed v of the pellet using the formula v = d/t
[2 marks. Deduct 1 mark for missing every missing point.]

If speedometer is used, only 1 marking point

1. Obtain the speed v from the speedometer.
[Only 1 mark. The other mark is placed under additional details]

Note:
Do not award marks for stopwatch methods. Students need to be
aware that the pellet speed will be high and stopwatch method is highly
unreliable in measuring high speed.

M4 Appropriate method to determine depth that pellet is embedded 1

e.g. using tail of Vernier callipers, or pointer (needle) inserted into the
depth and make marking, remove it and measure against ruler.

Method of analysis (2 marks)

A1 Propose a relationship of d = kvn 1

A2 Plot a graph of log d against log v. If a straight line is obtained, the 1

relationship is correct. The value of n = gradient and log k = y-intercept.

Additional details (2 marks) or (3 marks if speedometer is used) 2

1 The position of the light gates must be near to the absorbent material.
2 The distance between the mounted rifles cannot be too far from the
absorbent material, otherwise, the pellet will move in parabolic path
and may not hit the material.
3 Preliminary experiment to determine suitable distance between the
rifle and the material.

4 Repeat experiment to ensure that the speed remains can be

reproduced and determine an average of d.

Safety considerations (1 mark)

S1 Precautions linked to high speed pellet and recoil of rifle 1