Packaging Processes: Filling Section and Equipments

Packaging processes
• Filling section
• Sealing section
• Labeling
• End of line section
Filling section and Equipments
The filling method used is influenced largely by the nature of the product. e.g. liquid, gas, piece goods, powder, free
flowing solids or sticky paste. Also by the measure for selling the product. e.g. by weight, by volume or by count.
However, it does not necessarily follow that products which are sold by volume have to be measured by volume, for
example oils which are sold by volume are frequently filled by weight because the density of the oil varies
significantly with temperature; conversely products like rice or frozen peas which are sold by weight may actually be
filled by volume because this can be done at higher speed and lower cost. In fact, it is not uncommon for products
sold by count to be filled by weight.
Filling machines
Machines used to fill bottles or a pouch depending on the product. Filling machines may comprise of one or a number
of dosing devices that may be arranged with or without a mechanism to control containers or packages as they are
filled.
General types of filling machines
a. Auger/Agitator filling machines

b. Flow filling machines
c. Tablet fillers
a. Auger/Agitator filling machines
Designed to fill dry mixes, such as milk powder, sugar, flour etc. Fillers have a hopper shaped like a cone that holds
the mix and puts it in a pouch using an auger screw that is controlled by the agitator.
Auger fillers are machines which fill the right amount of a product into its container. The product is stored in a vessel
called the hopper and in each cycle, the filler dispenses a predetermined amount of the product into the package.
The package, a bottle for example, can be held in hand for manual filling or can be queued up for filling using a
conveyor system for automated filling.
Auger fillers can be used for filling containers with liquid, semi solid, powdery and granular materials
b. Flow Filling Machines
Design for liquids, oils, and thin food products. These fillers are designed when they fill a bottle or tub that enters the
machine, then ejects the open bottle back onto another conveyor for sealing.
c. Tablet Fillers
These are designed for products that are counted by pieces instead of weight. These are designed for small bottles
(similar to some of the flow fillers), but the hopper of the filler is set up to permit scan counting of tablets or candy
pieces.
Sealing Machines
Machines used to securely close and/or fasten the product. Usually after the filling section.
Sealing machines close and seal an individual package or provide a long continuous horizontal or vertical seal. There
are many different types of sealer. Some sealing machines transport the plastic film horizontally, while others
transport vertically.
Some Types of Sealing Equipments
a. Food Packaging Machines

b. Vacuum Packaging Machines
c. Blister Packaging Machines
d. Skin Pack Packaging Machines
a. Food Packaging Machines
Machine that protects food that requires protection, tampering resistance, and special physical, chemical, or
biological needs. Depending on the type of food being packed, packing comes in various types. To pack these food
materials, various food packaging machines are used. The packing styles also change depending on the storage life
of the product.
Food that are high perishable like fresh processed meats and frozen items are best when vacuum packed since it
can tremendously extend its storage life. There is a separate type of food packaging machine or food packing
equipment used to perform vacuum packaging of the products.
b. Vacuum Packaging Machine

Vacuum packing is a method of packaging that removes air from the package long term storage of dry foods. This
method involves (manually or automatically) placing items in a plastic film package, removing air from inside, and
sealing the package. The intent of vacuum packing is usually to remove oxygen from the container to extend
the shelf life of foods and, with flexible package forms, to reduce the volume of the contents and package
Shrink film is sometimes used to have a tight fit to the contents.
c. Blister Pack Machine
Blister pack is a cavity or pocket made from a “formable” web, usually a thermoformed plastic. This usually has a
backing of paperboard or a “lidding” seal of aluminum foil or plastic.
These blister packs can be used for just about any product, but are common packages for small consumer goods,
foods and pharmaceuticals.
d. Skin pack machine
Product is placed on a piece of paperboard, and a thin sheet of transparent plastic is placed over the product and
paperboard.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SKIN PACK AND BLISTER PACK
A skin packaged product has a thin clear plastic film that has been shrunk over the product and adhered to the
board. A blister pack is a hard plastic pocket that is in a similar but not perfect shape of the product.
One of the key differences is the perceived value of the packaging in a retail environment. Blister packaging has the
highest perceived value, with its protective and glossy PVC shell design, cleaner lines, and the potential to showcase
high-quality graphics, while skin packaging is typically used for items of lower cost.
Blister packaging that has the highest “perceived value” on the retail shelf. That is, the clean lines, glossy protective
PVC outer shell and the good card graphics will be accepted as a quality packaging solution by the consumer.
Do you need some images or icons on your package to help explain what it is or what it does? Blister cards provide
the best surface for printing clean graphics
Skin packaging on the other hand is often used with lower cost items and accessories which end up categorizing it as
the lesser expensive, lower value proposition.
If it is related to hardware, accessories, metal components, drill bits, or anything that is small and light, skin
packaging may be the best solution.

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Packaging processes

• End of line section

Filling section and Equipments

General types of filling machines

a. Auger/Agitator filling machines

b. Flow Filling Machines

Some Types of Sealing Equipments

a. Food Packaging Machines

b. Vacuum Packaging Machine

Shrink film is sometimes used to have a tight fit to the contents.

c. Blister Pack Machine

d. Skin pack machine

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SKIN PACK AND BLISTER PACK

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