Hyperbola Learning Objectives:: Ax Cy F 0 X A y B CX Ay F 0 y A X B Ax Cy DX+ Ey + F 0 X H) A y K) B y K) A X H) B

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HYPERBOLA

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. define a hyperbola
2. determine the equation of a hyperbola in standard form; and
3. sketch a hyperbola in a rectangular coordinate system.

Bring back your memory on asymptotes. The two lines that the curve approaches more
and more closely at its extremities.

(text box)
A hyperbola is a set of all coplanar points such that the difference of its distances from
the two fixed points is constant. The fixed points are called the foci of the hyperbola.

General Form and Standard Form of Hyperbola

Transverse
Center General Form Standard Form
Axis

2 2 x2 y 2
(0,0) x-axis A x −C y + F=0 − =1
a2 b2

2 2 y2 x2
(0,0) y-axis C x − A y + F=0 − =1
a2 b 2

(x−h)2 ( y −k )2
(h,k) x-axis A x 2−C y 2 + Dx+ Ey + F=0 − =1
a2 b2

2 2 ( y−k )2 ( x −h)2
(h,k) y-axis C x − A y + Dx+ Ey + F=0 − =1
a2 b2
A. Change the following General equations to Standard Form.
1. 3 x 2−2 y 2=12 3 x 2−2 y 2=12

3 x 2 2 y 2 12
− =
12 12 12

x2 y 2
− =1
4 6

2. 9 y 2−16 x 2=144 9 y 2−16 x 2=144

9 y 2 16 x 2 144
− =
144 144 144

y2 x2
− =1
16 9

B. Change the following Standard equation to General Form.

( y + 4)2 ( x−1 )2 ( y +4 )2 ( x−1 )2


− =1 36 [ − =1]
9 36 9 36
4¿

4 ( y 2 +8 y+ 16 )−(x ¿¿ 2−2 x+1)=36 ¿

4 y 2+ 32 y +64−x 2 +2 x−1=36

4 y 2−x 2+ 2 x +32 y+ 64−1−36=0


4 y 2−x 2+ 2 x +32 y+ 27=0
General Form: 4 y 2−x 2+ 2 x +32 y+ 27=0
HYPERBOLA with Vertex at the origin
Endpoints of
Standard Endpoints of
Foci Vertex Conjugate Asymptotes
Equation Latera Recta
Axis
b2
E1 (c, )
a
F1 (c,0) V1 (a,0) B1 (0,b)
b2
E2 (c,- )
x2 y 2 a b
− =1 y=± x
a2 b2 b2 a
E3 (-c, )
a
F2 (-c,0) V2 (-a,0) B2 (0,-b)
b2
E4 (-c,- )
a
2
b
E1 ( ,c)
a
F1 (0,c) V1 (0,a) B1 (b,0)
b2
E2 (- ,c)
y2 x2 a a
− =1 2
y=± x
a2 b 2 b b
E3 ( ,-c)
a
F2 (0,-c) V2 (0,-a) B2 (-b,0)
b2
E4 (- ,-c)
a

A. Graphing the equation of the Parabola


1. Sketch 9 x 2−16 y 2=144

2. Find the equation


Hyperbola with center at (h,k)

Endpoints of
Endpoints of
Standard Equation Foci Vertex Conjugate Asymptotes
Latera Recta
Axis

b2 b
E1 (h+c,k+ ) y−k=± ( x−h)
a a
F1 (h+c,k) V1 (h+a,k) B1 (h,k+b)
b2
E2 (h+c,k- )
(x−h)2 ( y −k )2 a
− =1
a2 b2 b2
E3 (h-c,k+ )
a
F2 (h-c,k) V2 (h-a,k) B2 (h,k-b)
b2
E4 (h-c,k- )
a
2
b a
E1 (h+ ,k+c) y−k=± ( x−h)
a b
F1 (h,k+c) V1 (h,k+a) B1 (h+b,k)
b2
E2 (h- ,k+c)
( y−k )2 (x −h)2 a
− =1
a2 b2 b2
E3 (h+ ,k-c)
a
F2 (h,k-c) V2 (h,k-a) B2 (h-b,k)
b2
E4 (h- ,k-c)
a

Graphing the Equation of the Hyperbola at (h,k)

( y−3)2 ( x +2)2
1. Sketch the graph of the hyperbola − =1 and find the equation of the
25 49
asymptotes.
Application of the Hyperbola:
1. A yatch is travelling a course parallel to and 80 kilometers from the straight shoreline of
Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte. Two transmitting stations are located 180 kilometers apart on the
shoreline. By timing radio signals from stations, the yatch navigator determines that the yatch is
between the two stations and 60 kilometers closer to Binsag than to Davila. Find the distance
from the yatch to each station.

2.
Exercises/Check Points
A.

B.

C. Application
Beyond Walls
On your math learning diary, write or discuss what are possible hyperbola structure you
have observed that can be found here in the province of Ilocos Norte. Make a model out of clay
or any indigenous materials that can be found in the locality or within the area.
References:

Pre-Calculus for Senior High School


Winston S. Sirug, Ph.D.
WSS Senior High School Book Series
C 2016
by: Mindshapers Co., Inc., Manila, Philippines

Next Century Mathematics Pre-Calculus


Fernando B. Orines
Phoenix Publishing House
C 2016 Quezon City, Philippines

Pre-Calculus for Senior High School


Maita G. Camilon, et al.
C 2017
Educational Resource Corp.
Quezon City, Philippines

Pre-Calculus
John Gabriel P. Pelias
First Edition C 2016
Rex Bookstore Publishing, Manila Philippines

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