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    North Korea-United States Relations Intro North Korea-United States Relations Have Been Historically Hostile and Developed

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    Md Kawsarul Islam
    Relations between North Korea and the United States have been hostile for decades, defined by North Korea's nuclear weapons testing and threats against the U.S. and its allies. Tensions remain high with several North Korean missile launches and a nuclear test, raising the potential for conflict. While direct military engagement seems unlikely, analysts are taking the possibility more seriously. Any conflict, particularly one involving nuclear weapons, would have catastrophic human and economic costs globally through disrupted supply chains and market shocks, slowing worldwide growth well below baseline levels for several years.

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    North Korea-United States Relations Intro North Korea-United States Relations Have Been Historically Hostile and Developed

    Uploaded by

    Md Kawsarul Islam
    40 views4 pages
    Relations between North Korea and the United States have been hostile for decades, defined by North Korea's nuclear weapons testing and threats against the U.S. and its allies. Tensions remain high with several North Korean missile launches and a nuclear test, raising the potential for conflict. While direct military engagement seems unlikely, analysts are taking the possibility more seriously. Any conflict, particularly one involving nuclear weapons, would have catastrophic human and economic costs globally through disrupted supply chains and market shocks, slowing worldwide growth well below baseline levels for several years.

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    NORTH KORIA

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    Relations between North Korea and the United States have been hostile for decades, defined by North Korea's nuclear weapons testing and threats against the U.S. and its allies. Tensions remain high with several North Korean missile launches and a nuclear test, raising the potential for conflict. While direct military engagement seems unlikely, analysts are taking the possibility more seriously. Any conflict, particularly one involving nuclear weapons, would have catastrophic human and economic costs globally through disrupted supply chains and market shocks, slowing worldwide growth well below baseline levels for several years.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views4 pages

    North Korea-United States Relations Intro North Korea-United States Relations Have Been Historically Hostile and Developed

    Uploaded by

    Md Kawsarul Islam
    Relations between North Korea and the United States have been hostile for decades, defined by North Korea's nuclear weapons testing and threats against the U.S. and its allies. Tensions remain high with several North Korean missile launches and a nuclear test, raising the potential for conflict. While direct military engagement seems unlikely, analysts are taking the possibility more seriously. Any conflict, particularly one involving nuclear weapons, would have catastrophic human and economic costs globally through disrupted supply chains and market shocks, slowing worldwide growth well below baseline levels for several years.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    NORTH KOREA–UNITED STATES RELATIONS

    INTRO
    North Korea–United States relations have been historically hostile and developed
    primarily during the Korean War. In recent years relations have been largely defined
    by North Korea's six tests of nuclear weapons, its development of long-range missiles
    capable of striking targets thousands of miles away, and its ongoing threats to strike the
    United States[1] and South Korea with nuclear weapons and conventional forces.
    During presidency, George W. Bush referred to North Korea as part of "the Axis of Evil"
    because of the threat of its nuclear capabilities.[2][3]
    As North Korea and the United States of America have no formal diplomatic
    relations, Sweden acts as the protecting power of United States interests in North
    Korea[4][5] for consular matters. Since the Korean War, the United States has maintained
    a strong military presence in South Korea. However, the United States has
    considered, de jure, South Korea as the sole legitimate representative of all of Korea.
    Support among the American public for US forces to defend South Korea has increased
    steadily. While was at a mere 26% in 1990, it has now nearly tripled to 62%. A majority
    of the American public also have a positive view of Moon Jae-In, the South Korean
    President as of 2017.[

    HISTORY
    In 2015, according to Gallup's annual World Affairs survey, only 9% of Americans have
    a favorable view of North Korea, while 87% of Americans have a negative view.
    [7]
     According to a 2014 BBC World Service Poll, only 4% of Americans view North
    Korea's influence positively with 90% expressing a negative view, one of the most
    negative perceptions of North Korea in the world.
    On March 8, 2018, the White House confirmed that President Donald Trump would
    accept a meeting invitation from Kim Jong-un. It was suspected that they would meet by
    May but later announced to be met on 12th of June, 2018 in Singapore. Press
    Secretary Sarah Sanders said that "in the meantime, all sanctions and maximum
    pressure must remain.
    The negotiators successfully reached the U.S.-North Korea Agreed Framework in
    October 1994:

     North Korea agreed to freeze its existing plutonium enrichment program, to be


    monitored by the IAEA;
     Both sides agreed to cooperate to replace North Korea's graphite-moderated
    reactors with light water reactor (LWR) power plants, to be financed and supplied by
    an international consortium (later identified as the Korean Peninsula Energy
    Development Organizationor KEDO) by a target date of 2003;
     The United States and North Korea agreed to work together to store safely the
    spent fuel from the five-megawatt reactor and dispose of it in a safe manner that
    does not involve reprocessing in North Korea;
     The United States agreed to provide shipments of heavy fuel oil to provide
    energy in the mean time;
     The two sides agreed to move toward full normalization of political and economic
    relations;
     Both sides agreed to work together for peace and security on a nuclear-free
    Korean Peninsula; and
     Both sides agreed to work together to strengthen the international nuclear non-
    proliferation regime.

    RECENT DEV
    2016[
    On January 6, 2016, North Korea conducted a fourth nuclear test. North Korean officials
    also announced that North Korean scientists have miniaturized nuclear weapons.[125]
    In February 2016, President Barack Obama enacted the North Korea Sanctions and
    Policy Enhancement Act of 2016, which passed the House of Representatives and the
    Senate with nearly unanimous support.[126] The Inquisitr reported: "In February,
    President Obama hit North Korea with a round of congressionally approved sanctions
    that severely limits the growth of the North Korean economy, a move that China
    criticized, stating that the sanctions could cripple North Korea’s economy."[127]
    2017[
    The Trump administration sounded the alarm about the development by North Korea of
    nuclear weapons and missiles that could hit the United States. It tried to enlist support
    from Russia and China, as well as South Korea and Japan.[128]
    North Korea conducted a sixth nuclear test, the first of a thermonuclear weapon, on
    September 3, 2017. On November 20, 2017, Trump officially announced re-listing North
    Korea as a State Sponsor of Terrorism.  In December 2017, former Chairman of the
    Joint Chiefs of Staff Michael Mullen said during an interview with Martha
    Raddatz on ABC's This Week that the United States did not solve diplomatically, and
    warned that North Korea was closer to a Nuclear War with United States. He said in a
    statement, "We're actually closer, in my view, to a nuclear war with North Korea and in
    that region than we have ever been"The North Korean leader's sister Kim Yo-
    jong (right), South Korean President Moon Jae-in and Mike Penceat the 2018 Winter
    Olympics
    2018[
    On February 15, 2018, after previous media reports,[134] the Trump administration denied
    considering a so-called preemptive "bloody nose" attack on North Korea's nuclear
    program. Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Susan
    Thornton confirmed that the administration's policy remains one of "maximum pressure"
    via economic sanctions in order to get North Korea to negotiate on eliminating its
    nuclear weapons. Thornton however reiterated that military options are still "on the
    table" and that Pyongyang would be forced to give up its nuclear weapons “one way or
    another.”
    On March 8, 2018, the White House confirmed that President Donald Trump would
    accept a meeting invitation from Kim Jong-un. The two will meet by May. Press
    Secretary Sarah Sanders said that "in the meantime, all sanctions and maximum
    pressure must remain."[

    TENSIONS BETWEEN THE US AND NORTH KOREA REMAIN HIGHLY ELEVATED.

    Several provocations from the North Korean government in the form of unauthorized
    missile launches and the testing of a major nuclear weapon have ramped up the
    potential of a conflict between the states to levels not seen in two decades.

    A physical engagement between the two nations still looks highly unlikely, but it is
    something that serious analysts and academics have started to talk about.

    Clearly, the biggest and most important impact of any conflict between the US and
    North Korea — either nuclear or conventional — would be a catastrophic loss of life and
    huge human suffering.

    But the economic impacts of what would most likely turn out to be a major international
    conflict — and most likely involve the first use of nuclear arms since the end of World
    War II — would be widespread.

    The research house Capital Economics examined some of those potential impacts at
    the beginning of August, but now researchers at Oxford Economics have compiled their
    thoughts on any conflict into a handy table, which breaks down possible scenarios, the
    transmission channels of those scenarios, and their ultimate impacts on the economy,
    whether local or global.

    The Korean Peninsula, the most likely center of a conflict involving North Korea, would
    bear the brunt of any economic shock, but those shocks would also affect worldwide
    supply chains, rippling across the globe.

    "The market impact is significant. Equities fall sharply in the region, accompanied by
    abrupt exchange rate and bond market adjustments," Oxford Economics' head of macro
    scenarios, Jamie Thompson, and economist Oliver Salmon wrote.

    "While market prices generally rebound swiftly with the resolution of conflict, the impact
    on activity is more persistent," they added.

    "Growth remains subdued in 2018 and 2019 — and not only for countries at the centre
    of the geopolitical tensions. Overall, global growth slows significantly, to an annual rate
    0.4pp below baseline over this period, with emerging markets recording even larger
    undershoots."
    Check out Oxford's analysis below:

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